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1、北京故宫景点介绍中文及英文中文版故宫,又名紫禁城,是中国乃至世界上保存最完整,规模最大的木质结构古建筑群,被誉为“世界五大宫之首。内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫后三宫为中心,以及东西两侧的东六宫和西六宫,是封建帝王与后妃居住之所,也就是俗称的三宫六院。故宫内珍藏有大量珍贵文物,据统计有上百万件,占全国文物总数的六分之一。故宫是世界上规模最大、保存最完整的帝王宫殿建筑群。它东西宽750米,南北长960米,面积达72万平方米,共有宫室9999间。这里原为明、清两代的皇宫,住过24位皇帝。故宫是明朝的第三位皇帝一一永乐皇帝朱棣于1407年开始修建的。仅就建筑工艺而言,如果你看惯了如今各地的仿古建筑,再
2、看故宫,那你就能立刻领会什么叫“云泥之别故宫宫殿沿着一条南北向中轴线排列,并向两旁展开,南北取直,左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内,而且贯穿了整个北京旧城,故宫在这条中轴线上占有1/3的长度。用于建筑上的严格的对仗使故宫形成了一种丝毫不为左右的威势,并拥有自身独特且无法仿造的节奏感。故宫大体上可以分为两大部分,南为政治活动区,即外朝,北为生活区,即内廷。外朝的三座大殿太和殿、中和殿和保和殿是故宫里最吸引人的建筑。内廷是皇帝平日办事和他的后妃居住生活的地方,你会发现皇帝后妃的居处比不上苏杭园林那般惬意,但这里确实演绎过中国历史上最高级别的“阴谋与爱情。故宫博物馆院内陈列有我国各个朝代的珍贵
3、艺术品,据统计达上百万件之多,占全国文物总数的1/6以上,其中很多是绝无仅有的国宝。故宫与凡尔赛宫、白金汉宫、白宫、克里姆林宫一道被并称为世界五大宫。北京故宫是世界上现存规模最大、保存最为完整的木质结构古建筑之一,是国家AAAAA级旅游景区,1961年被列为第一批全国重点文物保护单位;1987年被列为世界文化遗产。英文版TheForbiddenCityzalsoknownastheForbiddenCityzisthemostcompleteandlargestancientwoodenstructurecomplexinChinaandeventheworld,knownasthefirst
4、oftheworldsfivegreatpalaces.TheinnerCourtiscenteredontheQianqingPalace,theJiaotaiPalacezthePalaceofEarthlyTranquilityandtheEastandwestsixpalaces.Itistheresidenceofthefeudalemperorandhisconcubine,whichiscommonlyknownastheThreepalacesandsixcourts.TherearealargenumberofpreciousculturalrelicsintheForbid
5、denCity.Accordingtostatistics,therearemillionsofthem,accountingforonesixthofthetotalnumberofculturalrelicsinChina.TheForbiddenCityisthelargestandbestpreservedimperialpalacecomplexintheworld.Itis750meterswidefromeasttowestand960meterslongfromnorthtosouth,withanareaof720,000squaremetersandatotalof9,99
6、9chambers.ItwastheimperialpalaceoftheMingandQingdynasties,where24emperorslived.ConstructionofthePalaceMuseumbeganin1407bythethirdMingemperor,YongleEmperorZhuDi.Justintermsofarchitecturalcraftsmanship,ifyouareusedtoseeingtheantiquebuildingseverywheretoday,andthenlookattheImperialPalace,youwillimmedia
7、telyunderstandwhatisthedifferencebetweencloudsandmud.ThePalaceisarrangedalonganorth-southcentralaxis,andspreadoutonbothsides,straightfromnorthtosouth,symmetricalleftandright.ThiscentralaxisrunsnotonlythroughtheForbiddenCity,butalsothroughthewholeoldcityofBeijing.TheForbiddenCityoccupies1/3ofthelengt
8、hofthiscentralaxis.ThestrictcontrastappliedtothearchitecturemakesthePalaceMuseumformakindofpowerthatisnotleftorright,andhasitsownuniqueandunimitablesenseofrhythm.ThePalaceMuseumcanbegenerallydividedintotwoparts:thesouthisthepoliticalactivityarea,namelytheoutercourt,andthenorthisthelivingarea,namelyt
9、heInnerCourt.Thethreemainhallsoftheoutercourt,theHallofSupremeHarmonyztheHallofCentralHarmonyandtheHallofPreservingHarmony,arethemostattractivebuildingsinthePalaceMuseum.TheInnerCourtwastheplacewheretheemperordidhisbusinessandhisconcubineslived.Youwillfindthattheresidenceoftheemperorsconcubineswasno
10、taspleasantastheSuzhouandHangzhouGardens,butitdidplaythehighestlevelofintrigueandloveinChinesehistory.Accordingtostatistics,therearemorethanonemillionpiecesofpreciousworksofartfromdifferentdynastiesondisplayinthePalaceMuseum,accountingformorethan1/6ofthetotalnumberofculturalrelicsinChina,manyofwhich
11、areuniquenationaltreasures.TheForbiddenCity,VersaillesPalace,BuckinghamPalace,theWhiteHouseandtheKremlinareknownasthefivegreatpalacesintheworld.TheForbiddenCityinBeijingisoneofthelargestandbestpreservedancientwoodenstructuresintheworld.ItisanationalAAAAAtouristattractionandwaslistedasoneofthefirstbatchofnationalkeyculturalrelicsunderprotectionin1961.ItwaslistedasaWorldCulturalHeritagesitein1987.