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1、个人贷款管理办法MeasuresfortheAdministrationofPersonalLoans制定机关：国家金淞监督管理总局发文字号：国家金融监督管理总局令2024年第3号公布日期：2024.02.02施行日期：2024.07.01效力位阶：部门规章法规类别：贷款IssuingAuthority：NationalAdministrationofFinancialRegulationDocumentNumber：No.32024oftheStateAdministrationforFinanceRegulationDateIssued：02-02-2024EffectiveDate：07
2、-01-20241.evelofAuthority：DepartmentalRulesAreaofLaw:Loan个人贷款管理办法MeasuresfortheAdministrationofPersonalLoans（2024年2月2日国家金融监督 管理总局令2024年第3号公布 自2024年7月1日起施行）(IssuedbyOrderNo.32024oftheStateAdministrationforFinanceRegulationonFebruary2,2024andshallcomeintoforceonJuly1,2024)第一章总则ChapterIGeneralProvision
3、s第一条为规范银行业金融 机构个人贷款业务行为，加强个 人贷款业务审慎经营管理，促进 个人贷款业务健康发展，依据 中华人民共和国银行业监督管 理法中华人民共和国商业银 行法等法律法规，制定本办 法。Article1Forthepurposesofregulatingthepersonalloanbusinessofbankingfinancialinstitutions,strengtheningtheprudentialbusinessoperationandmanagementofthepersonalloanbusinessandpromotingthesounddevelopmento
4、fthepersonalloanbusiness,theseMeasuresaredevelopedaccordingtotheBankingSupervisionLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChina,theLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaonCommercialBanksandotherrelevantlawsandregulations.Article2ForthepurposesoftheseMeasures,ubankingfinancialinstitutions(hereinafterreferredtoasulenders)
5、refertocommercialbanks,ruralcooperativebanks,ruralcreditcooperativesandotherfinancialinstitutionstakingpublicdepositsformedintheterritoryofthePeoplesRepublicofChina.Article3ForthepurposesoftheseMeasures,theterm“personalloan,*referstoaloanindomesticandforeigncurrenciesgrantedbyalendertoanaturalperson
6、whomeetstheprescribedconditionsforpersonalconsumptions,productionbusinessoperation,andotherpurposes.Article4Alendershallcarryoutpersonalloanbusinessundertheprinciplesoflegitimacy,compliance,prudentialoperation,equality,freewill,fairnessandgoodfaith.Article5Alendershallestablishaneffectivecontrolsyst
7、emcoveringthewholeprocessofthepersonalloanbusiness,developloanmanagementrulesandoperatinginstructionsforeachloantype,specifycorrespondingborrowersandscope,implementdifferentiatedriskmanagement,andestablishassessmentandaccountabilitysystemsforeachoperationlink.Article6Alendershallestablisharisklimitm
8、anagementsystemforpersonalloansaccordingtotheactualriskmanagementneeds.第二条本办法所称银行业 金融机构（以下简称贷款人）， 是指在中华人民共和国境内设立 的商业银行、农村合作银行、农 村产用合作社等吸收公众存款的 金融机构。第三条本办法所称个人贷 款，是指贷款人向符合条件的自 然人发放的用于个人消费、生产 经营等用途的本外币贷款。第四条贷款人开展个人贷 款业务，应当遵循依法合规、审 慎经营、平等自愿、公平诚信的 原则。第五条贷款人应建立有效 的个人贷款全流程管理机制，制 订贷款管理制度及每一贷款品种 的操作规程，明确相应贷
9、款对象 和范围，实施差别风险管理，建 立贷款各操作环节的考核和问责 机制。第六条贷款人应根据风险 管理实际需要，建立个人贷款风 险限额管理制度。第七条 个人贷款用途应符 合法律法规规定和国家有关政 策，贷款人不得发放无指定用途Article7Thepurposesofpersonalloansshallcomplywiththeprovisionsoftherelevantlawsandregulationsandtherelevantpoliciesofthestate,andalendershallnotgrantanypersonalloanwithoutdesignatedpurpos
10、es.Alendershallstrengthenthepaymentmanagementofloanfundsandtakeeffectivemeasurestopreventrisksinthepersonalloanbusiness.Article8Thetermofapersonalloanshallcomplywiththerelevantrulesofthestate.Thetermofaloanforpersonalconsumptionshallnotexceedfiveyears;andthetermofaloanforproductionandbusinessoperati
11、onshallgenerallynotexceedfiveyears,andforaloanwithrelativelylongrecoverycycleofoperatingcashflowcorrespondingtothepurposeoftheloan,theloantermmaybeappropriatelyextended,forupto10years.Article9Theinterestrateofpersonalloansshallfollowthemarket-orientedprincipleofinterestrateandbedeterminedbythelender
12、andtheborrowerthroughconsultationincompliancewiththerelevantrulesofthestate.Article10Alendershallestablishareasonableincomeanddebtrepaymentratiocontrolmechanismandreasonablydeterminetheamountandtermofaloaninconsiderationoftheborrowersincome,debt,expenditure,purposesofloan,guaranteestatusandotherfact
13、ors,andmakesurethattherepaymentmadebytheborrowerineachinstallmentiswithinhisabilitytorepaytheloan.的个人贷款。贷款人应加强贷款资金支付管 理，有效防范个人贷款业务风 险。第八条个人贷款的期限应 符合国家相关规定。用于个人消 费的贷款期限不得超过五年；用 于生产经营的贷款期限一般不超 过五年，对于贷款用途对应的经 营现金流回收周期较长的，可适 当延长贷款期限，最长不超过十 年。第九条个人贷款利率应当 遵循利率市场化原则，由借贷双 方在遵守国家有关规定的前提下 协商确定。第十条 贷款人应建立借款 人合
14、理的收入偿债比例控制机 制，结合借款人收入、负债、支 出、贷款用途、担保情况等因 素，合理确定贷款金额和期限， 控制借款人每期还款额不超过其 还款能力。第十一条国家金融监督管 理总局及其派出机构依法对个人 贷款业务实施监督管理。Article11TheStateAdministrationforFinanceRegulationanditslocalofficesshallimplementsupervisionandadministrationofthepersonalloanbusinessaccordingtothelaw.Chapter 11 AcceptanceandInvestig
15、ationChapter 12 Anapplicationforapersonalloanshallmeetthefollowingconditions:(1) TheborrowerisacitizenofthePeople,sRepublicofChinawhohasfullcapacityforcivilconductoraforeignnaturalpersonwhocomplieswiththerelevantrulesofthestate.(2) Thepurposesoftheloanareclearandlegal.(3) Theamount,termandcurrencyof
16、theloanasindicatedintheapplicationarereasonable.(4) Theborroweriswillingandabletomakerepayment.(5) Theborrowerhasasoundcreditstanding.(6) Otherconditionsassetforthbythelender.Article 13 Alendershallrequestaborrowertofileanapplicationforpersonalloaninwritingandproviderelevantmaterialswhichmayprovetha
17、themeetstheconditionsforloan.第二章受理与调查第十二条 个人贷款申请应 具备以下条件：（一）借款人为具有完全民事行 为能力的中华人民共和国公民或 符合国家有关规定的境外自然 人；（二）借款用途明确合法;（三）贷款申请数额、期限和币 种合理；（四）借款人具备还款意愿和还 款能力；（五）借款人信用状况良好;（六）贷款人要求的其他条件。第十三条贷款人应要求借 款人以书面形式提出个人贷款申 请，并要求借款人提供能够证明 其符合贷款条件的相关资料。第十四条贷款人受理借款 人贷款申请后，应履行尽职调查 职责，对个人贷款申请内容和相 关情况的真实性、准确性、完整 性进行调查核实，
18、形成调查评价 意见。Article 14 Afteracceptingaborrowersloanapplication,alendershallperformthedutiesofduediligenceinvestigation,investigateandverifytheauthenticity,accuracyandintegrityofthecontentsandotherrelevantmattersoftheapplicationforpersonalloanandthenforminvestigationopinions.Article 15 1.oaninvestigati
19、onshallcover,butnotbelimitedto,thefollowing:(1) Thebasicinformationontheborrower.(2) Theborrowersincome.(3) Foraloantobeusedforproductionandbusinessoperation,thebusinessconditionsoftheborrowershallalsobeinvestigated.(4) Theborrowerssourceoffunds,abilityforrepayment,andmodeofrepayment.Article 16 Theg
20、uarantorswillandguaranteecapacityorownershipofcollateral(mortgage),valueandcashability.Article 17 1.oaninvestigationshallbecarriedoutintheformofcombiningon-sitefieldinvestigationandoff-siteindirectinvestigation,byadoptingon-siteverification,telephoneinquiry,informationconsultationandotherdigitalelec
21、tronicinvestigationandotherwaysandmethods.第十五条贷款调查包括但 不限于以下内容：（一）借款人基本情况;（二）借款人收入情况;（三）借款用途，用于生产经营 的还应调查借款人经营情况；（四）借款人还款来源、还款能 力及还款方式；（五）保证人担保意愿、担保能 力或抵（质）押物权属、价值及 变现能力。第十六条贷款调查应以现 场实地调查与非现场间接调查相 结合的形式开展，采取现场核 实、电话查问、信息咨询以及其 他数字化电子调查等途径和方 法。对于金额不超过二十万元人民币 的贷款，贷款人通过非现场间接 调查手段可有效核实相关信息真 实性，并可据此对借款人作出风
22、 险评价的，可简化或不再进行现 场实地调查（不含用于个人住房 用途的贷款）。Forloanswithanamountnotmorethan200,000yuan,wherealendermayeffectivelyverifytheauthenticityofrelevantinformationbyoff-siteindirectinvestigation,andmaymakeariskassessmentoftheborrowerbasedonit,on-sitefieldinvestigationmaybesimplifiedornolongerbeconducted(excluding
23、personalhousingloans).Article 18 Alendershallestablishandimprovetheloaninvestigationmechanism,specifythewaysandmeansofinvestigationintovariousmatters,andensuretheauthenticityandeffectivenessoftheloaninvestigation.Wherealenderentrustssomespecificmattersintheloaninvestigationtoathirdpartyforhandlingon
24、acommissionbasis,thelegitimaterightsandinterestsoftheborrowershallnotbeharmed,andtherelevantrisksshallbeensuredtobecontrollable.Alendershallspecifythequalificationsofthethirdparty,establishalistmanagementsystem,andreviewandupdatethelistonaregularbasis.第十七条贷款人应建立健 全贷款调查机制，明确对各类事 项调查的途径和方式方法，确保 贷款调查的真
25、实性和有效性。贷款人将贷款调查中的部分特定 事项委托第三方代为办理的，不 得损害借款人合法权益，并确保 相关风险可控。贷款人应明确第 三方的资质条件，建立名单制管 理制度，并定期对名单进行审查 更新。贷款人不得将贷款调查中涉及借 款人真实意思表示、收入水平、 债务情况、自有资金来源及外部 评估机构准入等风险控制的核心 事项委托第三方完成。Alendershallnotentrustthecoremattersofriskcontrolintheloaninvestigationinvolvingaborrowerstrueintention,incomelevel,debtsituation,
26、sourceofitsownfundsandaccesstoexternalevaluationinstitutionstoathirdparty.Article 19 Alendershallestablishimplementtheinterviewsystemforloans.and第十八条贷款人应建立并执行贷款面谈制度。贷款人可根据业务需要通过视频 形式与借款人面谈（不含用于个 人住房用途的贷款）。视频面谈 应当在贷款人自有平台上进行， 记录并保存影像。贷款人应当采 取有效措施确定并核实借款人真 实身份及所涉及信息真实性。第三章风险评价与审批Alendermayinterviewwit
27、haborrowerbyvideoaccordingtobusinessneeds(excludingpersonalhousingloans).Avideointerviewshallbeconductedonalender,sownplatform,andthevideoshallberecordedandsaved.Alendershalltakeeffectivemeasurestodetermineandverifythetrueidentityofaborrowerandtheauthenticityoftheinformationinvolved.ChapterIIIRiskEv
28、aluationandExaminationandApprovalArticle19Alendershallcomprehensivelyexaminethelegality,rationalityandaccuracyoftheloaninvestigationcontentsbyplacingemphasisontheinvestigatorsfu用Ilmentofduties,andtheborrowerssolvency,creditstatus,guaranteestatus,rateofcollateral(mortgage),riskdegree,etc.Article20Ale
29、ndershallestablishandimprovetheriskevaluationmechanism,andspecifytheresponsibledepartmentsandpositionsforriskevaluation.Inaloanriskassessment,theborrowerscreditstatusandsolvencyshallbecomprehensivelyanalyzed,andattentionshallbepaidtotheincomeandexpenditure,debtrepayment,etc.Forfundstobeusedforproduc
30、tionandbusinessoperation,theborrowersbusinessoperationandrisksituationshallbeanalyzed,quantitativeandqualitativeanalysismethodsshallbeadopted,andcomprehensive,dynamicandprudentloanriskassessmentshallbeconducted.Forloansprovidingguarantee,alendershallnotdeterminetheamountandtermofloansandotherfactors
31、directlythroughguarantee,underthepremiseofcomprehensivelyassessingthesolvencyofaborrower.Alendershallestablishandimproveacreditriskassessmentsystemforborrowers,payattentiontoborrowers*varioustypesoffinancing,establishandimprovetheunifiedcreditmanagementsystemforindividualcustomers,andmaketimelyadjus
32、tmentsaccordingtothebusinessdevelopmentandriskcontrolneeds.第十九条 贷款审查应对贷 款调查内容的合法性、合理性、 准确性进行全面审查，重点关注 调查人的尽职情况和借款人的偿 还能力、信用状况、担保情况、 抵（质）押比率、风险程度等。第二十条贷款人应建立和 完善风险评价机制，落实风险评 价的责任部门和岗位。贷款风险 评价应全面分析借款人的信用状 况和还款能力，关注其收入与支 出情况、偿债情况等，用于生产 经营的还应对借款人经营情况和 风险情况进行分析，采取定量和 定性分析方法，全面、动态、审 慎地进行贷款风险评价。对于提 供担保的贷款，
33、贷款人应当以全 面评价借款人的偿债能力为前 提，不得直接通过担保方式确定 贷款金额和期限等要素。贷款人应建立和完善借款人信用 风险评价体系，关注借款人各类 融资情况，建立健全个人客户统 一授信管理体系，并根据业务发 展情况和风险控制需要，适时予 以调整。第二十一条贷款人应根据 审慎性原则，完善授权管理制 度，规范审批操作流程，明确贷 款审批权限，实行审贷分离和授Article 21 Alendershall,undertheprudentprinciple,improvetheauthorizationmanagementsystem,regulatetheoperatingprocedure
34、forloanexaminationandapproval,clarifytheexaminationandapprovalpower,separatetheexaminationofloansfromthegrantingofloans,applytheauthorizationsystemtotheexerciseoftheexaminationandapprovalpower,andmakesurethattheexaminationandapprovalpowerisexercisedindependentlywithinthescopeofauthorization.Wherethe
35、lenderconductsautomaticexaminationandapprovalbyonlinemeans,itshallestablishamanualreviewmechanismasasupplementtotheautomaticexaminationandapprovalandsetthetriggerconditionsformanualreview.Whereitisfoundthatautomaticexaminationandapprovalcannoteffectivelyidentifyrisksinpost-loanmanagement,alendershal
36、lstoptheautomaticexaminationandapprovalprocess.权审批，确保贷款审批按照授权 独立审批贷款。贷款人通过线上方式进行自动化 审批的，应当建立人工复审机 制，作为对自动化审批的补充， 并设定人工复审的触发条件。对 贷后管理中发现自动化审批不能 有效识别风险的，贷款人应当停 止自动化审批流程。第二十二条贷款人通过全 线上方式开展的业务，应当符合 互联网贷款相关规定。Article 23 After disapproving a personal loan application, a lender shall notify the borrower.第二
37、十三条对未获批准的 个人贷款申请，贷款人应告知借 款人。Article 22 Thebusinesscarriedoutbyalenderthroughthewholelineshallcomplywiththerelevantprovisionsononlineloans.第二十四条贷款人应根据 重大经济形势变化、违约率明显 上升等异常情况，对贷款审批环 节进行评价分析，及时、有针对 性地调整审批政策，加强相关贷 款的管理。第二十五条贷款人为股东 等关联方办理个人贷款的，应严Article 24 Alendershall,intheeventofbigchangesintheeconomic
38、situation,sharpriseofthedefaultrateoranyotherabnormalcircumstances,assessandanalyzetheexaminationandapprovallinkofpersonalloanssoastoadjusttheexaminationandapprovalpoliciesinatimelyandpertinentmannerandstrengthenthemanagementofpersonalloans.Article 25 Wherealenderhandlespersonalloansforshareholdersa
39、ndotheraffiliated格执行关联交易管理的相关监管 规定，发放贷款条件不得优于一 般借款人，并在风险评价报告中 进行说明。parties,itshallstrictlyimplementtherelevantregulatoryprovisionsonthemanagementofaffiliatedtransactions,theconditionsforgrantingloansshallnotbebetterthanthoseforordinaryborrowers,anditshallbeexplainedintheriskassessmentreport.第四章协议与发放
40、ChapterIVConclusionofContractsandGrantingofLoans第二十六条 贷款人应与借 款人签订书面借款合同，需担保 的应同时签订担保合同或条款。 贷款人应要求借款人当面签订借 款合同及其他相关文件。对于金 额不超过二十万元人民币的贷 款，可通过电子银行渠道签订有 关合同和文件（不含用于个人住 房用途的贷款）。Article 26 Alendershallconcludeawrittenloancontractwithaborrower,andaguaranteecontractorclauseshallbeconcludedinthemeantimewher
41、eguaranteeisneeded.Alendershallrequestaborrowertoconcludealoancontractandotherrelevantdocumentsfacetoface.Forloansofnotmorethan200,000yuan,relevantcontractsanddocumentsmaybesignedthroughelectronicbankingchannels(excludingpersonalhousingloans).当面签约的，贷款人应当对签约 过程进行录音录像并妥善保存相 关影像。Whensigningacontractfac
42、etoface,alendershallmakeaudioandvideorecordingsofthesigningprocessandappropriatelykeepthem.第二十七条 借款合同应符 合中华人民共和国民法典等 法律规定，明确约定各方当事人 的诚信承诺和贷款资金的用途、 支付对象（范围）、支付金额、 支付条件、支付方式等。Article 27 AloancontractshallconformtotheprovisionsoftheCivilCodeofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaandotherlaws,andstipulatethegoodfa
43、ithcommitmentsofbothparties,purposesofloanfunds,payees(scope),amountofpayment,termsofpayment,modeofpayment,etc.贷款人应在合同中与借款人约 定，借款人不履行合同或怠于履 行合同时应承担的违约责任，以 及贷款人可采取的提前收回贷 款、调整贷款支付方式、调整贷Alendershallagreewithaborrowerinthecontractthattheborrowershallbeliableforbreachofcontractiftheborrowerfailstoperform
44、thecontractorisslacktoperformthecontract,andthatthelendermaytakesuchmeasuresasearlyrecoveryoftheloan,adjustmenttotheloan款利率、收取罚息、压降授信额 度、停止或中止贷款发放等措 施，并追究相应法律责任。paymentmethod,adjustmenttotheloaninterestrate,collectionofpenaltyinterest,reductionofthecreditline,andceaseorsuspensionofloangranting,andbe
45、heldaccordinglyliable.第二十八条贷款人应建立 健全合同管理制度，有效防范个 人贷款法律风险。Article 28 Alendershallestablishandimprovethecontractmanagementsystemtoeffectivelypreventlegalrisksinthepersonalloanbusiness.借款合同采用格式条款的，应当 维护借款人的合法权益，并予以 公示。Ifformatclausesareusedinaloancontract,theclausesshallprotecttheborrowerslegitimaterig
46、htsandinterestsandbemadepublic.第二十九条贷款人应依照 中华人民共和国民法典等法 律法规的相关规定，规范担保流 程与操作。Article 29 AlendershallregulatetheguaranteeproceduresandoperationspursuanttotherelevantprovisionsoftheCivilCodeofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaandotherrelevantlawsandregulations.按合同约定办理抵（质）押物登记的，贷款人应当参与。贷款人委托第三方办理的，应对抵（质）押物登记情况予以
47、核实。Alendershallparticipateinthehandlingofcollateral(mortgage)registrationformalitiesasagreedintheloancontract.Wherealenderentruststhemattertoathirdparty,itshallverifytheregistrationofcollateral(mortgage).第三十条贷款人应加强对 贷款的发放管理，遵循审贷与放 贷分离的原则，设立独立的放款 管理部门或岗位，负责落实放款 条件、发放满足约定条件的个人 贷款。Article 30 Alendersha
48、llstrengthentheadministrationofthegrantingofloans,followtheprincipleofseparatingtheexaminationofloansfromthegrantingofloans,andsetupanindependentdepartmentorposttoberesponsibleforthegrantingofloans,andberesponsibleforimplementingtheconditionsforthegrantingofloansandgrantingpersonalloanswhichmeettheprescribedconditions.第三十一条借款合同生效 后，贷款人应按合同约定及时发Article 31 Afteraloancontractbecomeseffective,thelendershallpayloanfundsundertheloancontractinatimelymanner.放贷款。ChapterVPaymentManagementArticle32Alendershallmanageandcontrolthepaymentofloanfundsbyentrustedpaymentbyalenderord
