《三类氨水浓度检测方法详解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《三类氨水浓度检测方法详解.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在课桌文档上搜索。
1、三类氨水浓度检测方法详解氨水浓度检测，分为三种情况，一种为稀氨水中氨浓度测定；一种为浓氨水中氨浓度的测定；一种为常见氨水中氨浓度测定。本文着重介绍三种情况下氨水浓度检测的常见方法。化验室常用的浓氨水的浓度为28%o工业氨水是含氨25%28%的水溶液，氨水中仅有一小部分氨分子与水反应形成镂离子和氢氧根离子，即氢氧化镂，是仅存在于氨水中的弱碱。氨水凝固点与氨水浓度有关，常用的(Wt)20%浓度凝固点约为-35。与酸中和反应产生热。有燃烧爆炸危险。比热容为4.3x10八3JkgC(10%的氨水)。氨水浓度测量常分为以下三种情况：一种为稀氨水中氨浓度测定;一种为浓氨水中氨浓度的测定；一种为常见氨水中氨
2、浓度测定。1、稀氨水中氨浓度测定方法一：酸碱滴定法本方法适用于氨浓度30%的氨水浓度的测定。方法原理：吸取一定体积氨水，以甲基红为指示剂，用硫酸标准滴定溶液滴定，至红色为终点，同时，测定试样密度，反应式为：2NH3+H2S04(NH4)2S04o试剂：硫酸标准滴定溶液C(l2H2SO4)=0.5molL或(l2H2SO4)=1.0molL甲基红指示剂：lg/L分析步骤：（1）吸取适量试样（试氨含量高低而定）注入预先盛有50ml蒸僧水的250ml锥形瓶中，力口3滴甲基红指示剂，用1.0molL或0.5molL硫酸标准滴定溶液滴至出现红色为终点，记下所消耗体积。（2）测定样品密度。（在工业测定中可
3、以忽略为水的密度）结果计算：NH 3(%)Cl Pl 17 .03r 1000 100 %其中：C1硫酸标准滴定溶液浓度，mol/LVI硫酸标准滴定溶液消耗体积，mlV取样体积，mld样品密度，g/ml17.03氨的摩尔质量，g/mol注：（1）取样后应立即分析，以免样品挥发使结果偏低。（2）此样品分析操作时应在通风橱内进行。（3）滴定时应快滴慢摇方法二：密度计法取试样100毫升于量筒中，用密度计测量试样密度同时测其温度,由测得的密度查附录表（见文末），得出氨水浓度。2、浓氨水中氨浓度的测定本方法适用于浓氨小3080%中氨含量的测定。方法一：安甑球法方法原理：由于高浓度氨水极量挥发，取样体积无
4、法准确计量,所以先称取一定量的试样于吸收液(硫酸标液)中，然后用氢氧化钠标准溶液滴定，以甲基红为指示剂，并通过反应公式计算得出。分析步骤：(1)将容积为3毫升的安甑球称准至0.0002克，称量后用小火将安甑球的球部加热,立即将毛细管插入氨水中，吸入的L52毫升氨水。将管口封闭并烤干毛细管，再称量。(2)将安甑球放入事先用移液管加存50mL,lmolL的硫酸标准溶液的带磨口塞的250mL锥形瓶中。将塞塞紧用力振荡，直至安甑球破碎为止，洗涤瓶塞，再用玻璃棒将未破碎的玻璃片捣碎，加2滴甲基红指示剂，用ImOl/L氢氧化钠标准溶液滴至终点。方法二：快速称重法有时为了简便快速，用移液管将试样直接移入加有
5、一定量的LOmoI/L硫酸标准溶液的带塞三角瓶中，称三角瓶前后重量，其差即为试样重量。然后用氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液滴定。分析步骤：(1)取30mLc(12H2SO4)=1.0molL的硫酸标准滴定溶液于100mL干燥的带有橡胶塞的三角瓶中，加2-3滴甲基红指示剂，然后称重,记作Glo(2)用吸量管吸取适量样品于三角瓶中，取样量以红色不褪去为准(如吸收液变黄，应重新称取)然后称其重量，记作G2。(3)用C(NaOH)=1.0molL的标准滴定溶液滴至红色褪去，记下消耗氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液体积，记作VI。方法三：球胆称量法当液氨喷溅较重，不易取样时可用本法。分析步骤：往清洁的球胆中加入500mL蒸偏
6、水用弹簧夹夹紧出口，把球胆外壁擦干净，在天平上称量，记作Gl,开始取样，当取样口排放后，套上球胆，然后在用左手托住关振摇球胆，右手一开一关取样阀，使液氨进入球胆溶于水，待取入40-5Og液氨后关闭阀门，取下球胆，放入冷水中冷却至室温，再擦干外壁于天平上称量，记作G2o将称量后球胆内容物转移到IoOomL容量瓶中，用蒸储水洗涤球胆内壁，每次用约100毫升，共洗三次，洗涤液一起并入容量瓶内，加蒸储水稀释至刻度，摇匀。用移液管吸取10毫升稀释液至盛有100mL蒸储水约250毫升锥形瓶中，加甲基红指示剂2滴，用lmolL的硫酸标准滴定溶液滴至由黄色变为橙红色为终点。3、氨水中氨浓度测定本方法适用于氨浓
7、度在15%左右氨水浓度的测定。方法原理：吸取一定质量的氨水，以甲基红为指示剂，用硫酸标准滴定溶液滴定，至红色为终点，同时，测定试样密度。分析步骤：吸取适量试样（Ig左右）注入预先盛有30mL蒸储水的25OmL锥形瓶中，加3滴甲基红指示剂，用0.5molL硫酸标准滴定溶液滴至出现红色为终点，记下所消耗体积。急救知识1、皮肤接触：立即用水冲洗至少15分钟。若有灼伤，就医治疗。对少量皮肤接触，避免将物质播散面积扩大。注意患者保暖并且保持安静。2、眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟，或用3%硼酸溶液冲洗，立即就医。3、吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。呼吸困难时
8、给输氧；呼吸停止时，立即进行人工呼吸，就医。如果患者食入或吸入该物质不要用口对口进行人工呼吸，可用单向阀小型呼吸器或其他适当的医疗呼吸器，脱去并隔离被污染的衣服和鞋。氨水浓度密度对照表NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重%叨%Wl%Wl0.0470.4630.9981.84418.240.99023.68436.180.98240.0940.9270.99781.8918.70.993.73236.650.98220.1421.390.99761.93619.150.98983.7837.110.9820.1891.8540.99741.98219.60.98963.82937.5
9、80.98180.2362.318().99722.02820.050.98943.87838.060.98160.2842.78209972.07420.50.98923.92738.530.98140.3313.2450.99682.1220.960.9893.97639.010.98120.3783.7090.99662.16621.410.98884.02539.480.9810.4254.1730.99642.21221.860.98864.07439.950.98080.4734.6360.99622.25822.3J0.98844.12340.430.98060.525.10.9
10、962.30422.760.98824.17240.90.98040.5665.560.99582.3523.210.9884.22141.380.98020.6126.020.99562.39723.670.98784.2741.850.980.6586.480.99542.44424.130.98764.31942.320.97980.7046.940.99522.49124.590.98744.36842.790.97960.757.40.9952.53825.050.98724.41743.260.97940.7967.860.99482.58525.540.9874.46643.73
11、0.97920.8428.320.99462.65225.970.98684.51544.20.9790.8888.7810.99442.67925.430.98664.56444.670.97880.9349.240.99422.72626.890.98644.61345.140.97860.989.70.9942.77327.350.98624.66245.610,97841.02510.140.99382.8227.810.9864.71146.080.9782!.0710.580.99362.86828.280.98584.7646.550.9781.11511.020.99342.9
12、1628.740.98564.80947.020.97781.1611.450.99322.96429.210.98544.85847.490.97761.20511.90.9933.01229.670.98524.90747.960.97741.2512.340.99283.0630.140.9854.95648.430.97721.29512.780.99263.10830.610.98485.00548.90.9771.3413.220.99243.12631.070.98465.05449.360.97681.38513.660.99223.20431.540.98445.10349.
13、830.97661.4314.10.9923.252320.98425.15250.30.97641.47614.560.99183.332.470.9845.20150.770.97621.52215.020.99163.34832930.98385.2551.240.9761.56815.480.99143.39633.40.98365.351.720.97581.61415.940.99123.44433.860.98345.3552.190.97561.6616.40.9913.49234.330.98325.452.670.97541.70616.860.99083.5434.790
14、.9835.4553.150.97521.75217.320.99063.58835.260.98285.553.630.9751.79817.980.99043.63635.720.9X265.5554.10.9748l氨水浓度一一比重对照表NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重%叨%Wl%Wl5.654.580.97467.56673.130.96689.60592.110.9595.6555.060.97447.61773.610.96669.65892.590.95885.755.530.97427.66874.090.96649.71193.080.95865.7556.0
15、10.9747.71974.570.96629.76493.570.95845.856.480.97347.7785.050.9669.81794.060.95825.8556.960.97367.82275.540.96589.8794.550.9585.957.430.97347.87476.020.96569.92395.040.95785.9557.910.97327.92676.510.96549.97695.520.9576658.380.9737.97876.990.965210.02996.010.95746.0558.850.97288.0377.480.96510.0829
16、6.50.95726.159.330.97268.08277.970.964810.12596.990.9576.1559.80.97248.13478.450.964610.18897.470.95686.260.280.97228.18678.940.964410.24197.960.95666.2560.750.9728.23879.420.964210.29498.450.95646.361.220.97188.2979.910.96410.34798.930.95626.3561.70.97168.34380.40.963810.499.420.9566.462.170.97148.
17、39689.90.963610.4699一930.95586.4562.640.97128.44981.390.963410.52100.440.95566.563.120.9718.50281.890.963210.58100.940.95546.5563.590.97088.55582.380.96310.64101.450.95526.664.060.97068.60882.870.962810.7101.96().9556.6564.530.97048.66183.370.962610.76102.470.95486.765.010.97028.71483.860.962410.821
18、02.980.95466.7565.480.978.76784.360.962210.88103.480.95446.80165.960.96988.8284.850.96210.94103.990.95426.85266.440.96968.87285.330.9618Il104.50.9546.90366.910.96948.92485.810.961611.05104.990.95386.95467.390.96928.97686.290.9614ILI105.480.95367.00567.8709699.02886.770.961211.15!05.970.95347.05668.3
19、5().96889.0887.260.96111.2106.460.95327.10768.830.96869.13287.740.960811.25106.950.9537.15869.30.96849.18488.220.960611.3107.440.95287.20969.780.96829.23688.70.960411.35107.930.95267.2670.2609689.28889.180.960211.4108.420.95247.31170.740.96789.3489.660.9611.45108.910.95227.36271.220.96769.39390.150.
20、959811.5109.40.9527.44371.70.96749.44690.640.959611.55109.890.95187.46472.180.96729.44991.130.959411.6110.380.95167.51572.660.9679.55291.620.959211.65110.870.9514NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重%叨%研%瞰11.7111.360.951213.82130.360.943616.1150.30.93611.75111.850.95113.88130.890.943416.16150.820.935811.8112.340
21、.9508B.94131.420.943216.22151.340.935611.85112.830.950614131.950.94316.28151.860.935411.9113.320.950414.06132.480.942816.34152.380.935211.95113.810.950214.12133.010.942616.4152.90.93512114309514.18133.540.942416.46153.420.934812.06114.80.949814.24134.070.942216.52153.940.934612.12115.30.949614.3134.
22、60.94216.58154.460.934412.181!5.80.949414.36135.130.941816.64154.980.934212.24116.30.949214.42135.660.941616.7155.50.93412.3116.80.94914.48136.190.941416.76156.020.933812.3611730.948814.54136.720.941216.82156.540.933612.42117.80.948614.6137.250.94116.88157.060.933412.4811830.948414.66137.780.940816.
23、94157.580.933212.54118.80.948214.72138.310.940617158.10.93312.6119.30.94814.78138.840.940417.06158.620.932812.65119.80.947814.84139.370.940217.12159.140.932612.712030.947614.9139.90.94)7.18159.660.932412.75120.80.947414.96140.420.939817.24160.180.932212.8121.30.947215.02140.940.939617.3160.70.93212.
24、85121.80.94715.08141.460.939417.36161.230.931812.9122.30.94681S.I4141.980.939217.42161.760.931612.95122.80.946615.2142.50.93917.48162.290.931413123.30.946415.26143.020.938817.54162.820.931213.05123.80.946215.32143.540.938617.6163.350.93113.112430.94615.38144.060.938417.66163.880.930813.16124.80.9458
25、15.44144.580.938217.72164.410.930613.22125.30.945615.5145.10.93817.78164.940.930413.28125.80.945415.56145.620.937817.84165.470.930213.34126.30.945215.62146.140.937617.91660.9313.4126.80.94515.68146.660.937417.96166.510.929813.46127.30.944815.74147.180.937218.02167.020.929613.52127.80.944615.8147.70.
26、93718.08167.530.929413.58128.30.944415.86148.220.936818.14168.040.929213.64128.80.944215.92148.740.936618.2168.550.92913.712930.94415.98149.260.936418.26169.060.928813.76129.830.943816.04149.780.936218.32169.570.9286NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重%叨%Wl%Wl18.38170.080.928420.66190.020.920823.04210.060.91321
27、8.44170.590.928220.72190.540.920623.1210.60.913!8.5171.!0.92820.78191.060.920423.16211.140.912818.56171.640.927820.84191.580.920223.22211.680.912618.62172.180.927620.9192.10.9223.28212.220.912418.68172.720.927420.96192.620.919823.34212.760.912218.74173.260.927221.02193.140.919623.4213.30.91218.8173.
28、80.92721.08193.660.919423.46213.840.911818.86174.340.926821.14194.180.919223.52214.380.911618.92174.880.926621.2194.70.91923.582J4.920.911418.98175.420.926421.26195.220.918823.64215.460.911219.04175.960.926221.32195.740.918623.72160.91119.1176.50.92621.38196.260.918423.76216.540.910819.16177.020.925
29、821.44196.780.918223.82217.080.910619.22177.540.925621.5197.30.91823.88217.620.910419.28178.060.925421.56I97.H30.917823.94218.160.910219.34178.580.925221.62198.360.917624218.70.9119.4179.10.92521.68198.890.917424.07219.50.909819.46179.620.924821.74199.420.917224.14219.90.909619.52180.140.924621.8199
30、.95().91724.21220.50.909419.58180.660.924421.86200.480.916824.28221.10.909219.64181.180.924221.92201.010.916624.35221.70.90919.7J81.70.92421.98201.540.916424.42222.30.908819.76182.220.923822.04202.070.916224.49222.90.908619.82182.740.923622.1202.60.91624.56223.50.908419.88183.260.923422.17203.130.91
31、5824.63224.10.908219.94183.780.923222.24203.660.915624.7224.70.90820184.30.92322.31204.190.9!5424.76225.180.907820.06184.820.922822.38204.720.915224.82225.660.907620.12185.340.922622.45205.250.91524.88226.140.907420.18185.860.922422.52205.780.914824.94226.620.907220.24186.380.922222.59206.310.914625
32、227.10.90720.3186.90.92222.66206.840.914425.06227.580.906820.36187.420.921822.73207.370.914225.12228.060.906620.42187.940.921622.8207.90.91425.18228.540.906420.48188.460.921422.86208.440.913825.24229.020.906220.54188.980.921222.92208.980.913625.3229.50.90620.6189.50.92122.98209.520.913425.37230.050.
33、9058NM氨水浓度一一比重对照表NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重NH3NH3比重%Wl%M%Wt25.44230.60.905628251.40.89830.562720.890425.51231.150.905428.07251.950.897830.63272.550.890225.58231.70.905228.14252.50.897630.7273.10.8925.65232.250.90528.21253.050.897430.77273.650.889825.72232.80.904828.28253.60.897230.84274.20.889625.79233.350.90
34、4628.35254.150.89730.91274.750.889425.86233.90.904428.42254.70.896830.98275.30.889225.93234.450.904228.49255.250.896631.05275.850.889262350.90428.56255.80.896431.12276.40.888826.07235.560.903828.63256.350.896231.19276.950.888626.14236.120.903628.7256.90.89631.26277.50.888426.21236.680.903428.76257.4
35、30.895831.33278.050.888226.28237.240.903228.82257.960.895631.4278.60.88826.35237.80.90328.88258.490.895431.47279.150.887826.42238.360.902828.94259.020.895231.54279.820.887626.49238.920.902629259.550.89531.61280.430.887426.56239.480.902429.06260.080.894831.68281.040.887226.63240.040.902229.12260.610.
36、894631.75281.650.88726.7240.60.90229.18261.140.894431.82282.260.886826.76241.140.901829.24261.670.894231.89282.870.886626.82241.68().901629.3262.20.89431.96283.480.886426.88242.220.901429.37262.740.893832.03284.090.886226.94242.760.901229.44263.280.893632.1284.70.88627243.30.90!29.5!263.820.893432.1
37、7285.260.885827.06243.840.900829.58264.360.893232.24285.820.885627.12244.380.900629.65264.90.89332.31286.380.885427.18244.920.900429.72265.440.892832.38286.940.885227.24245.460.900229.79265.980.892632.45287.50.88527.32460.929.86266.520.892432.52288.060.884827.37246.540.899829.93267.060.892232.59288.620.884627.44247.080.899630267.60.89232.66289.180.884427.51247.620.899430.07268.150.891832.73289.740.884227.58248.160.899230.14268.70.891632.8290.30.88427.65248.70.89930.21269.250.891432.88290.90.8838
