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1、美国名人女诗人格温多琳布鲁克斯GwendolynBrooksz1917-2000:ThePoetwastheFirstAfricanAmericantoWinaPulitzerPrizeforLiteratureplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:05repeatByCynthiaKirk2008-5-17VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSarahLongwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PEOPLEINAMERICA.Todaywetellaboutthelifeofaward-winning
2、poetGwendolynBrooks.ShewasthefirstAfricanAmericantowinaPulitzerPrizeforLiterature.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:GwendolynBrooksGwendolynBrookswrotehundredsofpoemsduringherlifetime.Shehadmorethantwentybookspublished.ShewasknownaroundtheworldforusingpoetrytoincreaseunderstandingaboutblackcultureinAmerica.GwendolynB
3、rookswrotemanypoemsaboutbeingblackduringthenineteenfortiesandnineteenfifties.Herpoemsdescribedconditionsamongthepoor,racialinequalityanddruguseintheblackcommunity.Shealsowrotepoemsaboutthestrugglesofblackwomen.Butherskillwasmorethanherabilitytowriteaboutstrugglingblackpeople.Shewasanexpertatthelangu
4、ageofpoetry.ShecombinedtraditionalEuropeanpoetrystyleswiththeAfricanAmericanexperience.VOICETWO:GwendolynBrooksoncesaidthatshewroteaboutwhatshesawandheardinthestreet.Shesaidshefoundmostofhermateriallookingoutofthewindowofhersecond-floorapartmenthouseinChicago,Illinois.Inherearlypoetry,GwendolynBrook
5、swroteabouttheSouthSideofChicago.TheSouthSideofChicagoiswheremanyblackpeoplelive.Inherpoems,theSouthSideiscalledBronzeville.ItwasAStreetinBronzevillethatgainedtheattentionofliteraryexpertsinnineteenforty-five.Criticspraisedherpoeticskillandherpowerfuldescriptionsabouttheblackexperienceduringthetime.
6、TheBronzevillepoemswereherfirstpublishedcollection.Heresheisreadingfromhernineteenforty-fivecollection,AStreetinBronzeville.GWENDOLYNBROOKS:Myfather,itissurelyablueplaceandstraight.Right,regular,whereIshallfindnoneedforscholarlynonchalanceorlooksalittletotheleftorguardsupontheheart.VOICEONE:Inninete
7、enfifty,GwendolynBrooksbecamethefirstAfricanAmericantowinthePulitzerPrizeforLiterature.ShewontheprizeforhersecondbookofpoemscalledAnnieAlien.*AnnieAllenisacollectionofpoetryaboutthelifeofaBronzevillegirlasadaughter,awifeandmother.Sheexperiencesloneliness,loss,deathandbeingpoor.MizBrookssaidthatwinni
8、ngtheprizechangedherlife.Hernextworkwasanovelwritteninnineteenfifty-threecalledMaudMartha.MaudMarthareceivedlittlenoticewhenitfirstwaspublished.Butnowitisconsideredanimportantworkbysomecritics.Itsmainideasaboutthedifficultlifeofmanywomenarepopularamongfemalewriterstoday.VOICETWO:GwendolynBrookswrote
9、poemsabouttheblackexperienceinAmerica.Shedescribedtheangermanyblackshadaboutracialinjusticeandthefeelingofbeingdifferent.Sheusedpoetrytocriticizethosewhodidnotshowrespectforthepoor.Yetforalltheangerinherwriting,GwendolynBrookswasconsideredbymanytobeagentlespiritandaverygivingperson.Bytheearlyninetee
10、nsixties,MizBrookshadreachedahighpointinherwritingcareer.ShewasconsideredoneofAmericasleadingblackwriters.Shewasapopularteacher.Shewaspraisedforheruseoflanguageandthewaypeopleidentifiedwithherwriting.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:GwendolynBrookswasborninTopeka,Kansasinnineteenseventeen.ButshegrewupinChicago.Shebe
11、ganwritingwhenshewaselevenyearsold.ShemailedseveralpoemstoacommunitynewspaperinChicagotosurpriseherfamily.Inaradiobroadcastinnineteensixty-onezMizBrookssaidhermotherurgedhertodevelopherpoeticskills:GWENDOLYNBROOKS:MymothertookmetothelibrarywhenIwasaboutfourorfive.IenjoyedreadingpoetryandItriedtowrit
12、eitwhenIwasaboutseven,atthetimethatIfirsttriedtoputrhymestogether.AndIhavelovediteversince.VOICETWO:GwendolynBrooksmarriedHenryL.Blakelyinnineteenthirty-nine.HenryBlakelywasayoungwriterwholaterpublishedhisownpoetry.TheylivedinChicagoforthenextthirtyyears,divorcedinnineteensixty-ninezbutre-unitedinni
13、neteenseventy-three.Theyhadtwochildren,NoraBrooksBlakelyandHenryBlakely.Throughoutherlife,MizBrookssupportedherselfthroughspeakingappearances,poetryreadingsandpart-timeteachingincolleges.Shealsoreceivedmoneyfromorganizationsthatofferedgrantsdesignedtosupportthearts.VOICEONE:OneofGwendolynBrookssmost
14、famouspoemsiscalledWeRealCool.Itisashortpoemthattalksaboutyoungpeoplefeelinghopeless:Werealcool.We1.eftschool.We1.urklate.WeStrikestraight.WeSingsin.WeThingin.WeJazzJune.WeDiesoon.VOICETWO:Bytheendofthenineteensixties,GwendolynBrooksspoetryexpandedfromtheeverydayexperiencesofpeopleinBronzeville.Shew
15、roteaboutawiderworldanddealtwithimportantpoliticalissues.Shewonpraiseforhersharper,real-lifepoeticstyle.GwendolynBrookswasaffectedbythecivilrightsstrugglesandsocialchangestakingplaceinAmerica.Shebegantoquestionherrelationswithwhites.Shesaidshefeltthatblackpoetsshouldwriteforblackpeople.Thatbecameevi
16、dentinhernextcollectionofpoetryinnineteensixty-eightcalledIntheMecca.CriticssuggestedMizBrookshadbecometoopoliticalandseemedtobewritingonlyforblackpeople.Hernewpoemsreceivedlittlenoticeinthepress.VOICEONE:Insomeofherpoems,GwendolynBrooksdescribedhowwhatpeopleseeinlifeisaffectedbywhotheyare.Oneexampl
17、eisthispoem,CornersontheCurvingSky:Ourearthisround,and,amongotherthingsThatmeansthatyouandIcanholdcompletelydifferentPointsofviewandbothberight.ThedifferenceofourpositionswillshowStarsinyourwindow.Icannotevenimagine.Yourskymayburnwithlight,Whilemine,atthesamemoment,Spreadsbeautifultodarkness.Still,w
18、emustchoosehowweseparatelycornerThecirclinguniverseofourexperienceOncechosen,ourcorneringwilldetermineThemessageofanystaranddarknessweencounter.VOICETWO:Althoughherpoetrydidnotreceivemuchnoticeinthepress,GwendolynBrookscontinuedtoreceivehonors.ShewaschosenpoetlaureateofthestateofIllinoisinnineteensi
19、xty-eight.Innineteenseventy-six,shebecamethefirstblackwomantobeelectedtotheNationalInstituteofArtsandLetters.ShereceivedalifetimeachievementawardfromtheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsinnineteeneighty-nine.Andshewasnamedthenineteenninety-fourJeffersonLecturerbytheNationalEndowmentfortheHumanities.Thatist
20、hehighesthonorgivenbythefederalgovernmentforworkinthehumanities.MizBrooksoncesaidthatofalltheawardsshereceived,therewasonlyonethatmeantalottoher.ItwasgiventoherataworkshopinanoldtheaterinChicago.Shesaid:Iwasgivenanawardforjustbeingme,andthatswhatpoetryistome-justbeingme.VOICEONE:Althoughshewaswellkn
21、own,GwendolynBrookslivedaquietlife.Shesaidhergreatestinterestwasbeinginvolvedwithyoungpeople.Shespenttimegivingreadingsatschools,prisonsandhospitals.ShealsoattendedyearlypoetrycompetitionsforChicagochildren.Sheoftenpaidfortheawardsgiventothewinners.HakiMadhubutidirectstheGwendolynBrooksCenterforCrea
22、tiveWritingandBlackLiteratureatChicagoStateUniversity.HesaidMizBrooksfeltchildrenwouldhelpleadthewaytowardhealingthewoundsoftheUnitedStatescivilrightsmovementofthenineteensixties.OneyoungstudenttalkedabouthowMizBrooksspoetryaffectedher.ShesaidthatGwendolynBrooksswritingsinfluencedhertowritedownhowsh
23、etrulyfeltdeepinside.VOICETWO:GwendolynBrooksinfluencedmanyAfricanAmericanwriters.Friendssayherprize-winningworksalsohelpedotherblackAmericanstodeveloptheirownsenseofidentityandculture.DoctorsdiscoveredMizBrookshadcancerinNovember;twothousand.ShediedDecemberthirdatherhomeinChicago.Shewaseighty-three
24、.ThefuneralservicewasheldontheSouthSide,thesameareaofthecitythathadbeenawindowformuchofMizBrooksspoetry.Theservicewasattimesfilledwithlaughter.Therewerewarmremembrancesofawomanwhoselifeandwordshadtouchedpeopleforever.Africandrumssoundedanddancersleaped.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyCynthiaKirk.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSarahLong.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
