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1、Unit8GreenLiving1.esson3nWhiteBikesnontheRoad学习目标1 .掌握本节生词、短语及句型的表达与运用。2 .掌握词类的转换的用法。3 .通过课堂练习,对课文内容有更深入的了解。知识运用1. benefit词性:意思:beofbenefittosb.=bebeneficialtosb.对某人有益处forthebenefitof.为了的利益benefitfrom/by.从中受益,得益于AbenefitB=BbenefitfromAbeneficialadj.有益的练习:Thetwocountrieswillfromfreetrade.2. convenien
2、ce词性:意思:forconvenience为方便起见atsbsconvenience在某人方便时convenientadj.方便的,便利的Itis/wasconvenientforsb.todosth.某人方便做某事ifsth.isconvenienttosb.如果某事对某人来说方便的话练习:Ikeptmyreferencebooknearmydeskfor.3. comeupwith意思:keepupwith与保持一致;不落后catchupwith赶上;追上putupWith忍受teamupwith与合作,协作练习:Attheconferencealargenumberofparticip
3、antsoriginaltheories.阅读探究1 WhatdoesthetitleWhiteBikes,ontheRoadmean?2 WhatdoesthewritermeanbysayingWherewillbike-sharinggoinChina?Youdecide.?句型梳理1 .(教材P36)Theybelievedthatitwouldbebetterforeverybodyifcarswerentallowedinthecitycentreandonlybicycleswere.他们认为,如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车,这会让所有人都受益。此句为that引导的宾语从
4、句,宾语从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句,所以that不可省略;条件状语从句中含有and弓【导的并列句,其中OnIybiCyCleSWere是一个省略句,完整的结构为:OnIybicycleswereallowedinthecitycentre0that引导的宾语从句that引导宾语从句时,在以下情况that不可省略:主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it作形式宾语的宾语从句宾语从句中含有主从复合句主句谓语动词和that从句之间有插入语或者主句的状语Itisapitythathehasmadesuchamistake.很遗憾他犯了这样的错误。Thereasonisthatheiscareless.原
5、因是他粗心大意。Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus.我们队赢得比赛的消息鼓舞了我们OIdontthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.我认为你不必大声朗读英语。TheypromisedmethatifIworkedhardfromthenon,theywouldbuymeacomputer.他们答应我,如果我从那时起努力工作,他们会给我买一台电脑。Idon,tdoubt,inanycase,thatwewillwin.无论如何,我不怀疑我们会赢。注意:and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第一个th
6、at可以省略也可以不省略,但其它that不能省略。Hetoldme(that)hisfatherhaddiedandthathehadtomakealivingalone.他告诉我他父亲去世了,他不得不独自谋生。语法解析语法:词类的转换词类的转换就是词自身形式不变,但词性转换为另外一种词性。一、转换为名词2 .动词转换为名词有大量动词可以转换为名词,这些转换的名词一般表示原来的动作或状态,意思没有太大的变化。1.etmehaveatry.我来试一试。Westoppedthereforaswim.我们在那里停下来游了一会儿泳。这类名词通常可以和动词构成短语,表示一个动作。havea(n)look
7、/chat/talk/wash/swim/rest/try/quarrel/smoke/lie/read/dream/run/fight/walk/ride/drink/laugh/dance/bath/wish/win/fear/love/shave/debate/interview/taste,etc.makeastudy/guess/visit/call/survey/jump/slip/change/search/stay/start/reply/remark/fight/purchase/sacrifice/demand/show/deal,etc.3 .形容词转换为名词部分形容词特
8、别是表示颜色的形容词通常可以转换为名词;某些形容词如old,young,poor,rich,wounded,injured等与the连用,表示一类人,作主语时,谓语用复数形式。Youshouldbedressedinblackatthefuneral.你在葬礼上应该穿黑色衣服。Theoldinourvillagearelivingahappylife.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。二、转换为动词(1) 词转换为动词(1)许多表示物件的名词可以转换为动词来表示动作。Haveyoubookedyourticket?你的票已经订好了吗?Whochairedthemeeting?谁主持会议?Itcan
9、seatonethousandpeople.它能容纳一千人。(2) 一些表示身体部位的名词也可以转换为动词。Handinyourexercisebooks,please.请把你的练习本交上来。Shehasbeenappointedtoheadtheresearchteam.她受命领导研究小组。Weshouldshouldertheseresponsibilities.我们应当肩负起这些责任来。(3) 一些表示某类人的名词也可以转换为动词。Youdontfoolme!不要骗我!Heinsistedonstayinguptonursethechild.他坚持不睡觉来照料这个小孩。2.形容词转换为动
10、词Thetrainsloweddowntohalfitsspeed.火车速度减慢到一半。Pleasewarmupthedishoverthestove.请把菜放在炉子上加热一下。Theroomgraduallyquieteddown.房子里慢慢静了下来。三、其他转换的情况Thisisarepeatperformanceoftheiroldpolicy.这是他们的故伎重演。Webegantomarchnorth.我们开始向北进军。注意:有个别词在一定的场合下可用作名词。Hisargumentcontainstoomanyifsandbuts.他在说理时“如果”和“但是”用得太多了。Thisboo
11、kisamustforstudentsofelectronics.这本书对于学电子学的学生来说是必修课。Haveyouconsideredthewhyandhowoftheplan?你考虑过制订这一计划的原因和方式吗?四、通过读音转换有一些词可以词形不变,但重音发生变化时,词性也相应地改变了。较常见的是一些双音节词,作动词时重音在后,作名词时重音在前。单词作动词作名词digestdad3est消化,dad3est摘要,文章export/Ikspo:t/输出,出口,ekspo:t/出口importmp:t/进口,输入/,mp:t/进口permitpo,mit/准许,允许,p3:mit/许可证pr
12、esentprlzent颁发;上演/preznt/礼物recordko:d/记录;录音/Teko:d/记录;唱片transfertraensf3:(r)/转学:调往,traensf3:(r)/转送;过户transporttrensp:t/运输,运送/traensp:t/运输练习:按要求写出下面单词对应的正确形式1.dressV.给穿衣服f11.连衣裙;衣服2. lookv,看,寻找n.看,眼神,脸色3. changev.改变-*11变化,改变4. boatn.船v.划船5. dustn.灰尘,尘埃一V.拂去灰尘6. freeadj.免费的,自由的fv.释放,解放7. slowadj.缓慢的-v
13、.使减速8. cleanv.打扫fadj.干净的9. closev.关闭fadj.接近的10. dailyadj.每日的-n.日报答案知识运用1. benefit2.convenience3.cameupwith阅读探究1 Whitebikesontheroadreferstowhitebikesbeingusedtoridearoundthestreetsofacity.Apartfromtheliteralmeaning,thetitlecanalsomeanthattheefforttoimplementWhitebikesprojectstakestimeandit,sstillont
14、heway.Thererestillaspectsthatneedtobeimproved.2 Youngpeoplelikethestudentswilldeterminehowsuccessfulbike-sharingisinthefuturebydecidingwhetherornotandhowmuchtheywanttouseit.Itcanalsomeanthatwhetherornotbike-sharingcanexistsuccessfullydependsoneachindividual.Everyonehastotaketheresponsibilitytotakecareofbike-sharingsothatitcanlastlongerandhelppeoplebetter.语法解析1.dress2.look3.change4.boat5.dust6.free7.slow8.clean9.close10.daily