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1、我现在看到B-17轰炸机时仍然有一样的感觉IstillgetthesamereactionwhenIseeaB-17.（1997年）那飞机真美,对吧?Butisntthatabeautifulaircraft?就像一件雕塑品It,slikeapieceofsculpture.起飞后在空中也很漂亮Anditslovelyintheairwhenyourwheelsareup.（第100轰炸机大队飞行员“罗森”罗伯罗森泰）编队飞行时Whenyouflewinformation.有时是跟一千架飞机一起飞sometimeswithathousandaircraft.那景象非常美丽而震撼itwasave
2、rybeautifulanddramaticsight.在冷冽而蔚蓝的欧洲上空Inthecold,blueskiesoverEurope,一种新型态的战斗anewkindofcombatwasfought在一种人类从未经历过的环境中开打inanenvironmentthathadneverbeenexperiencedbefore.这是战争史上独特的存在Itwasasingulareventinthehistoryofwarfare.史无前例,也不会再重演Unprecedentedandnevertoberepeated.40个美国轰炸机大队的空军士兵Airmenfrom40Americanb
3、ombergroups在空战中浴血奋战,死伤无数bledanddiedinstaggeringnumbersinaircombat.其中一个充满冲劲又桀瞥不驯的大队Oneofthesegroups,hyperaggressiveandundisciplined,在很短的时间内死伤尤为惨重sufferedsomanycasualtiesinsuchashortperiodoftime因此被称为“浴血之师”itbecameknownastheBloodyHundredth.浴血之师:第100轰炸机大队（欧洲开战）德国入侵波兰GermanyhasinvadedPoland.约9点时发生大规模攻击,华
4、沙遭到轰炸Inabigattack,aboutnineoclock,Warsawitselfwasbombed.（华沙）今天一早慈军从陆地和空降方式TheGermanarmyinvadedHollandandBelgiumearlythismorning入侵荷兰和比利时bylandandfromparachutes（荷兰弃守）（纳粹于法国再次推进）你问,我们的策略为何？Youask,whatisourpolicy?那就是从陆、海、空全面开战Itistowagewarbysea,landandair.对抗一个在黑暗及可悲的人类罪行中Towagewaragainstamonstroustyrann
5、yneversurpassed前所未有的无良暴♥政♥inthedarkandlamentablecatalogofhumancrime.（每日新闻，伦敦遭到轰炸）（英国声称纳粹闪电战无用）若英国战败IfGreatBritaingoesdown,轴心国将掌控欧洲、亚洲theAxispowerswillcontrolthecontinentsofEuropeandAsia及非洲大♥陆♥,他们将得以andAfrica,andtheywillbeinaposition动用庞大的军事和海军资源对抗此半球tobringenormousmilitary
6、andnavalresourcesagainstthishemisphere.今早,我们目睹了Wehavewitnessedthismorning敌机猛烈轰炸珍珠港severebombingofPearlHarborbyenemyplanes.这不是开玩笑Itisnojoke.而是真正的战争Itisarealwar.（夏威夷遭攻击）（宣战）我请求国会宣布IaskthattheCongressdeclare由于日本无端thatsincetheunprovoked且卑鄙地发动攻击anddastardlyattackbyJapan,我们进入战争状态astateofwar.（意大利、德国宣战）在战争中
7、的此刻Atthispointinthewar,希♥特♥勒♥德国掌控了欧洲大♥陆♥HitlersGermanycontrolledcontinentalEurope.英国孤立无援,GreatBritainstoodaloneandvulnerable,欧洲仅存的民♥主♥国家与纳粹交战thelastsurvivingEuropeandemocracyatwarwiththeNazis.问题在于,要如何反击敌军Andthequestionbecamehowtohitbackattheenemy.英国的轰
8、炸指挥部从1940年以来BritainsbombercommandhadbeenstrikingGermanyincessantly持续袭击德国,但效果不彰butineffectivelysince1940,在夜间空袭中损失惨重且经常严重偏离目标takinghugelossesinnightraidsthatoftenmissedtheirtargetsbymiles.全球的民♥上♥政体遭遇显著且立即的危机Therewasaclearandpresentdangertoglobaldemocracy这是纳粹造成的becauseoftheNazis.因此,爱国主义是美
9、国最伟大一代.So,patriotismwassomethingthattheGreatestGeneration,（电影制♥作♥人,史蒂芬史匹柏）也就是我父亲那一代非常重视的事myfather,sgeneration,tookvery,veryseriously.听着,我和你们谈话并不是只为了交差Now,itisntasifitwasachoreformetotalktoyou而是因为我想谈谈我最喜欢的主题也就是陆军航♥空♥军becauseIwannaspeakonmyfavoritesubject,theArmyAirForces.（
10、第453轰炸机大队飞行员“吉米”詹姆斯史都华）我没有长♥期♥的经验谈Icantspeakfromlongexperience.因为我只服役了一年Iveonlybeenintheserviceayear,但我已十分了解航♥空♥军的价值butvelearnedalotaboutwhattheairforceshavetooffer.我想跟你们说的是这件事ThatswhatIwannatalktoyouabout.陆军航♥空♥军需要一万五千名上尉TheArmyAirForcesneed15,000captains,四
11、万名中尉、三万五千名飞行中士40,000lieutenants,35,000flyingsergeants.各位美国青年,你们的未来在空中YoungmenOfAmerica,yourfuturesinthesky.双翼在等着你们Yourwingsarewaiting.我当时大学二年级读到一半Iwasinthemiddleofmysophomoreyearincollege胸无大志,只想着追女生和喝威士忌,anddidnthavealotonmymindbutchasinggirlsanddrinkingwhiskey.（第100轰炸机大队飞行员“拉奇”约翰拉克杜）那时,发生了珍珠港事件,接着M
12、eantime,PearlHarborhappens,andthen,我跟其他兄弟会的弟兄们一起被招募为飞行学员alongwithmyotherfraternitybrothers,wererecruitedasaviationcadets.立正Attention!当时,反犹太主义高涨Atthattime,therewasagreatdealofanti-Semitism.希♥特♥勒♥鼓吹雅利安民族优越论AndHitler,withhistalkOfsuperiorityoftheAryannation,无所作为让我觉得沮丧Ihadasenseoffr
13、ustrationthatIcouldntdoanythingaboutit.突然间,那种沮丧感消失了Suddenly,thatfrustrationdisappeared.现在我觉得自己能有所作为dfeltnowthatIcoulddosomething.我认为最有效的服役方式是当飞行员Ithoughtthemosteffectivewaytoservewouldbeasapilot.（招募中心）隔天,我就去报名,自愿成为飞行学员Iwentdownthenextdayandvolunteeredtobeanairforcecadet.在入伍前,有数千名的美国飞行学员Beforeenlisti
14、ng,thousandsofAmericanflyershadneversetfoot从未踏上飞机也从未向比松鼠更具威胁性的目标射击inanairplaneorfiredashotatanythingmorethreateningthanasquirrel.机组人员来自美国各地ThecrewsweremadeupofmenfromeverypartofAmerica有着各式各样的背景andnearlyeverystationinlife.有哈佛大学历史系学生西维吉尼亚州的煤矿工人TherewereHarvardhistorymajorsandWestVirginiacoalminers.华尔街
15、的律师、奥克拉荷马州的牛仔WallStreetlawyersandOklahomacowpunchers.好莱坞偶像和美式足球明星Hollywoodidolsandfootballheroes.学员们通过测验Thecadetshavepassedtheirtest.现在,他们将开始上飞行课程Andnow,theyllgettheirflyinglessons.每位导师有四个学生Eachinstructorhadfourstudents.另外三位学生曾受过飞行训练而我完全没有Theotherthreestudentshadpreviousflighttraining,Ihadnone.我从没上过
16、飞机Ihadneverbeeninsideofanairplane.大约十小时后,我们就要单飞Afterabouttenhours,wedhavesolo.轮子离地后,就没人能帮你了Whenthosewheelsleavetheground,there,snoonetohelpyou.（第100轰炸机大队飞行员约翰A.克拉克）你只能靠自己Youreonyourown.我成为导航员,因为我当不成飞行员IbecameanavigatorbecauseIwasaflopasapilot.（第100轰炸机大队导航员哈利克罗斯比）我被刷掉Igotwashedout.我永远不会忘记把我刷掉的是美泰克中尉1
17、1neverforgettheguythatwashedmeoutwasLieutenantMaytag,这名字很适合刷掉一个有潜力的飞行学员propernameforwashingoutaprospectiveflyingstudent.（第100轰炸机大队轰炸员乔瑟夫阿曼尼尼）我有一一位军队导师,他本来要刷掉我Ihadamilitaryinstructor,andhewasabouttowashmeout,然后他说q反正一定你会害死自己andhesaid,Youregonnakillyourselfanyway,但我跟你说,我去坐在那棵树下butIlltellyouwhamgonnagoo
18、verandsitunderthattree.如果你能把飞机带起来三次按照范例绕行,并且降落,你就合格了Ifyoucantakethisupthreetimesandaroundthepatternandlandit,you,rein.若没成功,你就淘汰”Ifnot,youreout.（美国陆军）我们从早上8点飞到晚上8点Weflewfromeightoclockinthemorningtoeightoclockatnight.我做了紧急拉升转向和水平S型转弯的各种动作IdidvariousmaneuversofChandellesandlazySs.在难得的休假日,我们会玩空中格斗Andon
19、araredayoffwewoulddogfight.那是我这辈子最乐在其中的时光IneverenjoyedanythingmorethanIdidatthattime.我有40位同学刚从飞行学校毕业Fortyofmyclassmates,justgraduatedfromflyingschool,跟我一起alongwithme,（飞行学员,军官,43-B班）都被指派去开B-17轰炸机wereallassignedtoflytheB-17.我们从没开过B-17轰炸机WedneverbeeninaB-17before.波音空中堡垒轰炸机由十人操控TheBoeingFlyingFortress,m
20、annedbytenmen,这款新型轰炸机的时速约为483公里thisnewbomberhasaspeedofnearly300milesanhour.机身上的凸起处是机&hearts枪♥的石包塔Thebulgesonitsfuselageareturretsformachineguns.搭载了四千匹马力的引擎With4,000horsepowerengines,能在不降落加油的情况下巡航4828公里itcancruisefor3,000mileswithoutlandingtorefuel.B-17是第一架设计成能攻也能守的轰炸机B-17wasthefirstbothoffen
21、siveanddefensiveaircrafteverdesigned.以攻击来说,它的投弹重量在当时算非常重Offensively,itdroppedveryheavypayloadsforitsday.它被称为空中堡垒是因为配备了很多点50口径机♥枪♥AnditwascalledtheFlyingFortressbecauseithadsomany50-caliberguns.B-17轰炸机开起来的感觉很好ThefeeloftheB-17waswonderful.它的反应很顺畅,所以我马上就上手了Theplanerespondedsobeautifullyth
22、atIimmediatelyrelatedtoit.我很高兴能开B-17轰炸机IwasveryhappytobeonB-17s.我们训练了五或六个月Wehadaboutfiveorsixmonthsofpracticetraining准备派驻到海外andgettingreadyforanoverseasassignment.1943年5月,我们被派到英国InMayof1943weweresenttoEngland（第100轰炸机大队导航员法兰克墨菲）加入第八航♥空♥队tobecomeapartoftheEighthAirForce.出国前,有人跟我们说Weweret
23、oldbeforewewentoverseas,“看看你们的左边和右边Youlookonyourleftandyourright,你们之中只有一个人能回来”andonlyoneofyouisgonnacomeback.我们出国是要赴死Weweregoingoverseastodie.第100轰炸机大队的机组成员开始抵达新的基地时Justasthecrewsofthe100thbeganarrivingattheirnewbase在英国东部的乡村地区欧洲战争进入一个新的阶段inruraleasternEngland,theEuropeanwarenteredanewphase.（英格兰,东盎格利
24、亚,索普阿伯茨）“零距离”攻势正式启动ItwastheofficialbeginningofPointblank,那是全天候的轰炸行动anaround-the-clockbombingcampaign,美军在日间轰炸,英军在夜间轰炸withtheAmericansbombingbydayandtheBritishbynight.目的是在接下来春季的作战日前Itspurpose,toachieveairsupremacyovernorthernEurope在欧洲北部达成制空权bytheD-Dayinvasionthefollowingspring.没有制空权,同盟国就无法进攻欧洲大&hearts
25、;陆♥Withoutairsupremacy,theAlliescouldnotinvadetheEuropeancontinent.（英格兰,东盎格利亚索普阿伯茨）（第100轰炸机大队总部）我们刚到那里,还在认识大家We,djustgotthereandgettingtoknowoneanother,飞行员金恩问我“你以前是做什么的?”andKing,thepilot,askedme,Whathadyoudonebefore?,1（第100轰炸机大队飞行员理杳C.金恩）我说这个嘛我最近的一份工作是牛仔”Isaid,Well,recentlyIdidtheworkofacowbo
26、y.（第100轰炸机大队飞行员“牛仔”欧文罗恩）他说:“那好,你从现在开始就叫牛仔”Andhesaid,Well,fine,youllbeCowboyfromnowon.第100轰炸机大队是很年轻的单位The100thisayoungoutfit,有几位冲劲十足的年轻指挥官andithadsomeprettyrecklessyoungcommanders.有个叫盖尔克莱文的人他以前是中队指挥官AguynamedGaleeleven,whowasasquadroncommander（第100轰炸机大队飞行员“巴克”盖尔克莱文）还有一位叫约翰伊根的空军执行官andanairexecutivenam
27、edJohnEgan.（第100轰炸机大队飞行员“巴奇约翰伊根）伊根和克莱文是中队领袖不用执行飞行任务,但他们每次都飞EganandClevendidnthavetoflyassquadronleaders,butalwaysdid.（空战群英作者,唐纳L.米勒）这是弟兄们崇拜他们的其中一个原因Andthatsoneofthereasonsthemenadmiredthem.巴克克莱文和巴奇伊根会戴围巾Buckeleven,alongwithBuckyEgan,theyworescarves帽子斜斜地戴在头handtheirhatscockedononesideoftheirheads,他们充
28、满自信andtheywereprettycocky.他们在军官俱乐部时会说Theydbeattheofficersclub,andtheywouldsay,“中尉,滑行过来这里,我有话跟你说”Lieutenant,taxioverhere,Iwannatalktoyou.（第350轰炸中队第四基地）约翰伊根、盖尔克莱文JohnEgan,GaleCleven,他们的人生志向就是开飞机theirlife,sambitionwastoflyanairplane.现在他们在开飞机了Andheretheyare,flyinganairplane.做着他们热爱的事,为门也们热爱的国家Doingsometh
29、ingthattheyloveforacountrythattheylove（历史学家,赛斯帕里顿）执行符合他们信念的任务onamissionthattheybelievein.克莱文和伊根将一同领导第100大队ClevenandEganwouldhelpleadthe100th对抗世上最难缠的空军能国空军againstthemostformidableairforceintheworld,theGermanLuftwaffe,他们资深飞行员的战斗经验遍及西班牙、挪威、波兰whoseveteranpilotshadseenactionoverSpain,Norway,Poland,法国、俄&h
30、earts;罗♥斯♥、希腊、北非和英国France,Russia,Greece,NorthAfricaandEngland.他们将会了解错判情势的严重性Theywillunderstandtheenormityoftheirmiscalculation（富兰克林D.罗斯福）（美国总统,1943年国情咨文演说）他们以为纳粹会一直享有制空权的优势thattheNaziswouldalwayshavetheadvantageofsuperiorairpower.这项优势永远消失了Thatsuperiorityhasgoneforever.我们认为纳粹和法♥西
31、♥斯♥分子罪有应得WebelievethattheNazisandthefascistshaveaskedforit,他们一定会受到惩罚andthey1regoingtogetit.（1943年6月）（距离作战日一年）柯克上尉、汤普森上尉、布许卡中尉CaptainKirk,CaptainThompson,LieutenantBushka,艾佛森、哈洛威和霍克斯将执行飞行任务Iverson,HollowayandHawkersscheduledtofly.快点Snapitup.指挥官会进来,走到台前Thecommandingofficer,hedcomein,hedc
32、omeupthefront,拉开一张布幕hedpullbackacurtain,然后会看到一条红线从索普阿伯茨连接到目标andtheredbearedribbonfromThorpeAbbottsallthewaytothetarget.（第100轰炸机大队机尾硝手布鲁斯奥斯豪斯）你们的目标是这一区的建筑ThisgroupOfbuildingshereisyourtarget.这座建筑将是瞄准点Thisbuildingwillbetheaimingpoint.如果你们的轰炸模式集中在这一区Ifyourbombpatternisconcentratedinthisarea,应该能非常有效地摧毁工
33、厂itshouldveryeffectivelyknockoutthefactory.从吉普车下来,收拾好一些东西后AftergettingoffthejeepandgettingsomeoftheStuffstowed,就爬上飞机,坐定后扇动引擎thenclimbedaboard,gotsettledin,andfiredup.（第100轰炸机大队飞行员,罗伯沃夫）他们以一种自卫编队飞行Flyinginaself-defendingformation称作“防御方阵”theycalledacombatbox,每架飞机上的累计火力最多可达13挺机♥枪♥withaccu
34、mulativefirepowerofasmanyas13gunsoneachplane,能够杀出敌机的重重包围,朝目标前进theycouldmuscletheirwaytothetargetthroughwavesofenemyplanes.在战斗机场上,雷霆式战斗机已准备就绪Atthefighterfields,Thunderboltsareready.它们将与轰炸机会合Theysetouttomeetthebombers.两个小组在英吉利海峡上空会合ThetwogroupsmakerendezvousovertheEnglishChannel,战斗机在轰炸机编队周围巡逻andwithth
35、efighterspatrollingtheskiesaroundthebomberformation,空中机群进入敌方领空theairarmadamovesintoenemyterritory.P-47雷霆式等较小型而灵活的战斗机Thebombersreceivedlimitedprotectionfromthesmaller,只能提供轰炸机有限的保护morenimblefighterplanes,liketheP-47Thunderbolt,由于燃料容量有限因此等轰炸机深入德国whoselimitedfuelcapacityforcedittoleavethebombers它们就必须离开o
36、ncetheycrosseddeepintoGermany.机组人员置身于一个不熟悉的世界Thecrewmenwereinanalienworld他们若要存活,只能仰赖专门的服装towheretheyphysicallycouldnotsurvivewithoutspecializedclothing,专门的设备withoutspecializedequipment,和抽送给他们呼吸的氧气withoutbreathingoxygenthatwasbeingpumpedtothem.我们到达高空后,就必须依靠氧气Assoonaswegottoaltitude,wehadtogoonoxygen,
37、所以会戴上氧气面罩sowehadanoxygenmaskclaspedonourface.还有刺骨的严寒Andthestarkcold.极低的气温Thefrigidtemperatures.我们在摄氏零下45到51度左右行动Wewereoperatingin50or60degreesbelowzero.战斗机护航的航程不足以.Thefighterescortdidnothavetherange一路护航B-17轰炸机到德国境内的目标toescorttheB-17sallthewaytothetargetsinsideofGermany,所以同盟军的战斗机会掉头回英格兰sotheAlliedfig
38、htersturnedaroundandwentbacktoEngland.我记得我们第一次跨越英吉利海峡时IrememberthatwhenwefirstcrossedovertheEnglishChannel,我记得我们往下看发现我们已在敌国的领空Irememberlookingdownandrealizingthatwewereoverenemyterritory,我觉得喉咙哽住了andIhadalumpinmythroat.我很紧张Iwasnervous.那阵黑色烟雾是来自Therearetheblacksmudgesoftheflak地面上防空砧射出的高射砧火thatcomeupfr
39、omtheantiaircraftgunsbelow.那是德国88公厘高射硝AflakgunisaGerman88gun,能发射fi包弹到一万两千公尺anditcouldfireashellupto40,000feet.6包弹会在空中爆♥炸♥,碎片四处飞溅Theshellwouldexplodeintheair,anditwouldthrowshardsofshrapnel.飞机表面不是钢制的,而是铝制Theskinoftheplaneisnotsteel,itsaluminum.这代表高射石包能把飞机打穿So,thatmeantflakjustblewholesi
40、ntheplane.那是我第一次遭遇非常密集的防空砧火Thatwasmyfirsttimetobeexposedtoveryheavyantiaircraftfire,那感觉很可怕anditwasfrightening.我们面临非常有经验Wewerebeingconfrontedbyveryexperienced设备和训练精良的敌军andverywellequippedandverywelltrainedopposition.他们很专业,而我们完全是业余的Theywerepros,andwewererankamateurs.当编队靠近目标时Whentheformationneareditsta
41、rget,轰炸员会将空速和风偏移等变量thebombardiersenteredvariablessuchasairspeedandwinddrift输入他们的诺登轰炸瞄准器intotheirNordenbombsights,这是一种高度机密的瞄准设备目的是引导飞机top-secretaimingdevicesdesignedtoguidetheplanes到达最佳投弹点,投放他们的炸♥药♥totheoptimalreleasepointfordroppingtheirpayloads.诺登轰炸瞄准器应该要非常精准TheNordenbombsight,itssupp
42、osedtobesoaccurate能从六千公尺高空进行极精确的投弹thatyoucanbombfrom20,000feetanddropyourbombsintoapicklebarrel.我们投弹时Whenwedroppedourbombs,我可以看到我们前面的飞机在投弹Icouldseebombsfromtheplanesaheadofusdropping（第100轰炸机大队投弹员吉恩班克斯顿）同时,我也能从压克力机头探出头butalsoIcouldleanoutintheplexiglassnose看到炸♥弹♥直接从我们飞机落下andseethebombsf
43、allingdirectlydownfromus.当炸♥弹&hearts耀♥炸♥时,我们肉眼就能看见Andthen,whentheyexploded,wecouldactuallyseetheexplosions.第一批轰炸机已经飞过Thefirstbombershavebeenover,目标的一部分已经被它们引起的火势所笼罩andthetargetsalreadypartiallyobscuredbythefirestheyvestarted.已命中一座发电厂、正在建造中的潜艇Hitswerescoredonapowerplant,submarine
44、sunderconstruction,以及水中至少一艘U型潜艇andatleastoneU-boatinthewater.我们投弹Wedroppedourbombs,经历儿次的战斗机攻击,没人受伤acoupleoffighterattacks,nobodygothurt.我心想厂没那么糟嘛”AndIthought,Well,thisisntsobad.,第100轰炸机大队早期的任务大多是沿岸目标Theearlymissionsforthe100thweremostlycoastaltargets,例如法国和挪威的潜艇坞和工业区likesubmarinepensandindustrialsite
45、sinFranceandNorway.（圣纳泽尔,利曼,巴黎里尔,不来梅,汉堡）空军试图摧毁Theairforcewastryingtodestroy纳粹德国的战争机器thewarmachineofNaziGermany.那些制♥造♥飞机和坦克车的工厂Thefactoriesthatmadeplanes,thatmadetanks.那些制♥造♥滚珠轴承的工厂Thefactoriesthatproducedballbearings.在英国的着陆场AttheBritishlandingfields,空战的消息已经传开wordontheskyb
46、attlewasout.有许多飞机受损Manyofthefortressesthemselveswerecrippled.有些飞机螺旋桨毁损或起落架毁坏Afewcameinwithfeatheredpropsorwithknocked-outlandinggear.B-17轰炸机以可靠、安全TheB-17hadthereputationofbeingtrustworthyandsafe能平安返航闻名andgettingpeopleback.即使失去三架引擎,也能回到基地Youcouldlosethreeenginesandgethome.即使机尾的垂直尾翼有一半不见了Youcouldlosehalfofyourverticalstabilizeronthetail还是能回到基地andgethome.它只靠两架引擎,也能带你回基地Itwouldbringyouhomeontwoengines,我还看过只剩一架引擎的andIveseenemcomeinwithonlyone.（第100轰炸机大队指挥官汤玛斯杰佛瑞）（1943年8
