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1、热点02社会生活及个人经历阅读理解之完形填空题命题趋势上海中考英语完形填空以记叙文或夹叙夹议为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然，完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识，阅读理解能力，和综合运用语言的能力完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”能够掌握足够的词汇量，正确运用词类和词语的正确搭配。具有一定的语言运用能力，综合分析能力和词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力，归纳能力。1.扎实的语法、词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。2.分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑
2、关系的能力。4.逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。1 .语义优先于语法原则文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且单纯的语法题已从该题型中逐渐消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区。2 .词内选项句内找原则四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。【应试技巧】1
3、.快速弄清文章大意对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有个大体的r解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2 .弄清楚说明的顺序把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3 .把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对
4、文章进行深层次的理解。4 .注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服思维定势”，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。重难通关练一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）GloriaisafamoushostessofaTVstation.Whenshewas15,shehappenedtowalkintoabookstoreinherhometownandbeganlookingatthebooksontheshelves.Themanbehindthecounter,JohnS
5、mith,askedifshe,dlikeajob.Sheneededtostartforcollege,soshesaidyes.Gloriaworkedafterschoolandduringsummerholidays,andthejobhelpedpayforherfirstyearofcollege.Duringcollegeshewoulddomanyotherjobs:sheservedcoffeeinthestudentunion,andshewasahotelcleanerandevenmademapsfortheForestService.But2bookswasoneof
6、themostsatisfyingjobs.OnedayawomancameintothebookstoreandaskedGloriaforbooksoncancer.Thewomanseemedupset.Gloriashowedherpracticallyeverythingtheyhadandfoundotherbookstheycouldorder.Thewomanleftthestore3,andGloriahasalwaysrememberedtheprideshefeltinhavinghelpedhercustomers.Yearslater,asatelevisionhos
7、tess,Gloriaheardofachildwhowasbornwithproblemswithhisfingersandhand.Hisfamilycouldnot4anoperation,andtheboylivedinshame,hidinghishandinhispocketallthetime.Gloriapersuaded（说服）herbosstoagreetoletherdothestory.Afterthestorywasbroadcast,somedoctorscalled,offeringtoperformtheoperation5.Gloriavisitedthebo
8、yinthehospitalaftertheoperation.Thefirstthinghedidwastoraisehisrepairedhandandsay,tvThankyou.WhatasweetsenseofsatisfactionGloriafelt!AtSmithsbookstore,Gloriaalwaysrealizedshewasworkingforthecustomers,notthestore.Todayit,sthesame.TheTVstationpaysher,butshefeelsthatsheshouldworkforthepeoplewhowatchthe
9、programmes,helpingthemunderstandthe6better.1.A.savingB.studyingC.surveyingD.making2.A.borrowingB.lendingC.readingD.selling3.A.moreexcitedB.lessworriedC.quiteinterestedD.verysurprised4.A.doB.offerC.affordD.give5.A.inreturnB.onbusinessC.withpleasureD.forfree6.A.TVstationB.hostessesC.worldD.operation【答
10、案】1.A2.D3.B4.C5.D6.C【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gloria在成为电台主持人前后的些个人经历。1 .句意：她需要开始为上大学攒钱，因此她说可以。SaVing攒钱；SlUdying学习；SUrVeying查看；making制造。根据语境可知，她需要开始为上大学攒钱。savefor.是固定短语，意为“为攒钱故选A。2 .句意：但是卖书是最令她满意的工作之一。borrowing借；lending借出：reading读；selling卖。根据“OnedayawomancameintothebookstoreandaskedGloriaforbooksonCanCer.以及
11、“Gloriahasalwaysrememberedtheprideshefeltinhavinghelpedhercustomers”可知，最令Gloria满意的份工作是卖书。故选D。3 .句意：这位女士离开商店时不那么担心了，Gloria一直记得她为帮助顾客而感到自豪。moreexcited更兴奋；IeSSworried不那么担心；quiteinterested十分感兴趣；Verysurprised非常惊讶。根据“Thewomanseemedupset.Gloriashowedherpracticallyeverythingtheyhadandfoundotherbookstheycoul
12、dorder.,可知，这位妇女离开的时候不那么担心了。故选B。4 .句意：他的家庭负担不起手术费用，男孩生活在耻辱中，他的手-直藏在口袋里。do做；offer提供；afford买得起；give给。根据“theboylivedinshame,hidinghishandinhispocketallthetime”可知，男孩的家庭负担不起手术费用。故选C。5 .句意：这个故事播出后，一些医生打来电话，表示愿意免费为他做手术。inrelum作为回报；OnbUSineSS出差；WiihPleaSUre很愿意；forfree免费。根据GloriavisiledtheboyinIhehospitalafte
13、rIheoperation.”可知，些医生打来电话，表示愿意免费为他做手术。故选D。6 .句意：电视台付钱给她，但她觉得她应该为看节目的人工作，帮助他们更好地了解世界。TVstation电视台；hostesses女主持人；world世界；OPeraliOn手术。根据“TheTVstationpaysher,butshefeelsthatsheshouldworkforthepeoplewhowatchtheprogrammes,helpingthemunderstandlhe.beller.“可知，她觉得她应该为看节目的人工作，帮助他们更好地了解世界。故选C。二、Choosethebestan
14、swerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Emilywasateenagerandlivedwithherparents.Sheandherbestfriend,Kim,foundoutthattheirfavoritebandwouldgiveaconcertintheirtownonFridaynight.Theyreallywantedtogo,buttheydidntthinktheirparentswouldagree.EmilyexplainedtoherparentsthatshewantedtogototheconcertwithKim,bu
15、ttheythoughtthatshewastooyoungtogowithout7EmilytoldKimthatshecouldnotgototheconcert,butherfriendsanswerwasareal8toEmily.KimtoldhermumshewouldstudywithfriendsonFriday.“Ireallydonotwanttobedishonestwithmyparents,Emilytoldherfriend.“Oh,9actinglikealittlekid!EveryoneIieSjKimreplied.ButEmilywasnotsosure.
16、Shethoughtthathonestywasveryimportant.Emilyneverfeltcomfortablelying,andherparentsalwaystoldherthatitwaswrong.OnThursday,KiminvitedEmilyovertoherhousetowatchamovieafterschool.Whentheygotthere,Kimandhermothergotintoafight.EmilyrealizedthatKimliedtohermother10andhermotherdidnottrusther.Emilyhadtogobac
17、khome.Asshewalkedhome,sherememberedthatKimalwaystoldherhowterribleherrelationshipwithhermotherwas.Kimthoughthermotherdidnotunderstandher,butEmilythoughtmaybeKimsmotherwasjust11Kimbeingdishonestwithher.Emilydecidedshewouldnotlietoherparentsabouttheconcert.Therewouldbelotsofconcertsinthefuture,butthey
18、weretheonlyParentsshewouldeverhave.Sheknewitwasbettertohonorthemandhelpthembecauseherparentstrustedher,letherdo12ofthethingsthatshewantedtodo,andshereallypreferreditthatway.7.A.teachersB.friendsC.adultsD.relatives8.A.promiseB.impressionC.experienceD.surprise9.A.continueB.stopC.enjoyD.hale11. A. fond
19、 of12. A. none【答案】7. CB.at the same timeC.for the time beingD. ahead of timeB.satisfied wihC.used toD. tired ofB.fewC.mostD. allD9. B 10.A11. D 12. C10. A. all the time8.【导语】本文主要讲述了EmiIy和Kim想去音乐会，两个人以不同的方式和父母沟通的故事。7 .句意：艾米丽向她的父母解释说，她想和金起去听音乐会，但他们认为她太年轻了，不能在没有成年人的陪同下去。teachers老师：friends朋友；adults成人；re
20、latives亲戚。根据theythoughtthatshewastooyoungtogowithou可知她父母认为她太小了，没有成人一起陪同的话不能自己去。故选C。8 .句意：艾米丽告诉金，她不能去听音乐会，但她的朋友的回答让艾米丽大吃,惊。promise承诺；impressionEfl象；experience经历；surise惊讶。根据KimtoldhermumshewouldstudywithfriendsonFriday”可知Kim向她父母撒谎，这让Emily很吃惊。故选D。9 .句意：别表现得像个小孩子！CorHinUe继续；StoP停止;enjoy享受；hate讨厌。根据actin
21、glikeaIilUekid!EVeryOneIieS”可知是不要表现得像个孩子，用slop。故选BC10 .句意：艾米丽意识到，金直对她母亲撒谎，她的母亲不信任她。all(hetime-直；atthesametime同时；forthetimebeing目前，暂时；aheadoftime提前。根据“hermotherdidnottrusther.”可知她妈妈不信任她，可见她直向母亲撒谎。故选A。11 .句意：艾米丽认为也许金的母亲只是厌倦了金对她的不诚实。fondof喜爱；satisfiedwith满意；usedIo曾经；tiredof厌烦。根据Kimsmotherwasjust.Kimbei
22、ngdishonestwithher.”可知金的妈妈对金经常撒谎非常厌烦，而金认为她妈妈不理解她，所以她们之间的关系很差。故选D。12 .句意：让她做她想做的大部分事情。none没有个：few几乎没有；most大多数；all全部。根据“herparentstrustedher,letherdo.ofthethingsthatSheWamedlOdo”可知她父母相信她，让她做她想做的大多数界情。故选C。三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Engageinhealthyactivity,managooddietandget
23、adequaterTeenagersliveverybusylivesnowandoftenforgettothinkabouttheirdietsandexercise.Infact,healthydietalongwithregularexerciseistheonlywaytokeepfit.Duringyourteenageyears,givingyourbodytheenergythatitneedsis13.Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200calories（干卡热量）adaywhileboysneedabit14-doctorssuggest2,800forte
24、enageboys.50%ofyourcaloriesshouldcome15rice,bread,vegetablesandfruit.You16needtodrinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwaterwillimproveyourskinandgiveyouhealthyhair.Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpyou.17,itcanmakeyoulookgood,feelgoodandbehealthy.Expertssuggestthatteenagersshouldspendatleast30m
25、inutesexercising,fivetimesaweek.Whenyouexercise,yourbodyproducessomethingthatmakesyoufeelrelaxed.Itcanevenhelpyou18betteratnightandletyoupaymoreattentionwhenyoustudy!13.A.importantB.hardC.difficultD.comfortable14.A.lessB.fewerC.moreD.much15.A.fromB.forC.toD.into16.A.butB.onlyC.hardlyD.also17.A.AsifB
26、.LikeC.SuchasD.Forexample18.A.wake.B.sleepC.moveD.laugh【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.D17.D18.B【导语】本文是篇说明文，告诉我们青少年怎样通过健康饮食和经常锻炼来保持健康。13 .句意：在你青少年期间，给予你的身体所需要的能量是很重要的。important重要的：hard困难的；difficult困难的；COmfOr(able舒服的。根据上文“healthydietalongwilhregularexerciseistheonlywaytokeepfit.可知健康饮食和锻炼的重要，而这些也是能量的来源，所以给身体所需的能量是
27、重要的。故选A。14 .句意：青年女孩们每天需要2200千卡热量，而男孩们需要的更多医生建议青年男孩2800千卡热量。less较少的；fewer较少的；more更多的；much很多。根据下文“doctorssuggest2,800forteenageboys”可知男孩比女孩需要的多。故选C。15 .句意：50%的卡路里来自米饭，面包，蔬菜和水果。from来自；for为；Io给；inlo进入。根据常识可知事物是热量的来源，comefrom“来自”。故选A。16 .句意：你也需要多喝水，每天6-8杯水。bul但是；only仅仅；hardly几乎不；also也。前文讲述青少年需要的能量，所以这里表示
28、他们“也”需要足够的水。故选D。17 .句意：例如：它可以帮助你看起来很好，感觉很好，也更健康。asif似乎；Iike像：SUChaS例如；forexample例如。空后是对锻炼好处的列举，且空后有逗号，排除SUChas,故选D。18 .句意：它甚至可以帮助你在晚上睡得更好，让你在学习的时候更集中注意力。Wake醒来;SkeP睡觉;move移动；IaUgh笑。根据下文的atnight”可知运动能让人晚上睡得好。故选B。四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)WealwayscelebratedDad,sbirthdayon
29、ThanksgivingDayevenafterheenteredanursinghome.Whenweknewitmightbehislastbirthday,thewholefamilydecidedto19forahugebirthdaycelebrationatthenursinghome.Dadwasagoodstorytellerandwewerealwayshislisteners.Duringaquietmoment,Iannounceditwasnos.Dad,sturntolistentosomestoriesfora20.IwantedeveryonetotellDadw
30、hatwelovedabouthim.Theroombecamequiet.Thenoneafteranother,peopletoldstoriesfromtheirhearts,whileDad21withtearsineyes.Peoplerecalledkindsofstories-storiesaboutwhentheywerelittle,storiesaboutwhenDadwasyoung,andstoriesthatsharedfamilytreasures.Everyoneseemedtohavemorethanonestory.Eventhelittlegrandchil
31、drencouldntwaittotellDadwhytheylovedhim.Foramanwhohadbeenkindtosomanyhundredsofpeopleinhislife,herewasourchancetotellhimhowmuchwelovehim.Afewmonthslater,atDad,smemorialservice,wemorefully22whatWehadgiventoDadthatnight.Thosearethestoriespeoplenormallytellatafuneral(4L)afteralovedoneisnolongeralivetoh
32、earthewords.Theytellstoriesfulloftears.23wehadgiventhosememoriestoDadinhislife,andwehadtoldthemthroughlaughter,togetherwithhugsandjoy.Hehadthemtoholdandenjoyedthemfromtimetotimeinhismindduringhislastdaysandmonths.Wordsdomatter,andtheyare24.Wejustneedtosaythempubliclytotheoneswelove.That,sthewaystogi
33、vebackloveandthat,sourchancetocelebrateapersoninhisorherlife.19 .A.dressupB.eatoutC.gettogetherD.havefun20. A. changeB. choiceC. breakD. business21.A.confusedB.listenedC.expectedD.cheered22.A.complainedB.imaginedC.hopedD.realized23.A.AgainB.EvenC.ButD.Just24.A.interestingB.enoughC.funnyD.simple【答案】1
34、9.C20.A21.B22.D23.C24.B【导语】本文讲述在父亲的最后个生日聚会中家人为父亲讲述自己的故事，让父亲深受感动。以此来告诉我们在亲人活着的时候要大胆地表达爱意。19 .句意：当我们知道这可能是他最后一个生日时，全家人决定在养老院集合举办一个大型的生日庆典。dressup打扮;eatout外出吃饭;gettogether聚会、聚集；havefun玩得开心。根据“Whenweknewitmightbehislastbirthday”可知，这可能是父亲的最后个生日，所以全家人决定在养老院聚集为父亲举办个生日庆典，故选C。20 .句意：为了换换口味，轮到父亲听一些故事了。change改
35、变；choice选择；break休息：business商业。根据DadwasagoodstorytellerandwewerealwayshisIiSlenerS”以及下文可知，以前是父亲讲故事，现在要做下改变，让父亲听故事，故选A。21 .句意：然后当父亲眼含泪水听故事时，我们个接一个地发自内心地讲故事。COnfUSed使迷惑；IiSIened听；expecled期待；Cheered欢呼、喝彩。根据Dadslumtolistentosomestories”可知，表示父亲眼含泪水在听故事，故选B。22 .句意：几个月后在父亲的追悼会上，我们更充分地意识到那天晚上我们给了父亲什么。complai
36、ned抱怨；imagined想象：hoped希望：realized意识到。根据“wehadgiventhosememoriestoDadinhislife,andwehadtoldthemthroughlaughter,togetherwithhugsandjoy”可知，我们把父亲生命中的那些回忆都给了他，我们在笑声中、在拥抱中、在欢乐中讲述这些故事，所以我们充分意识到那天晚上我们给了父亲什么，故选D。23 .句意：但是我们把父亲生命中的那些回忆都给了他，我们在笑声中、在拥抱中、在欢乐中讲述这些故事。again再次；even甚至；but但是；just仅仅。根据，Thosearelhestori
37、espeoplenormallyIellalafuneral（葬）afteralovedoneisnolongeralivetoheartheWordS可知，这些故事通常是人们在所爱的人去世后在葬礼上讲的，表示转折关系，故选C。24 .句意：语言很重要，而且他们是足够的。interesting有趣的；enough足够的：funny有趣的；simple简单的。根据“Wejusineedtosaythempubliclytotheoneswelove.That,sthewaystogivebackloveandthat,sourchancetocelebrateapersoninhisorherl
38、ifb可知，我们只需要对我们爱的人公开说出来。这是回馈爱的方式，也是我们在一个人的生命中赞美他或她的机会,所以语言表达是足够的，故选B。五、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Itwasyearbook（学校年刊）dayandweweregivenanhourtosigneachothersyearbookinthecafeteria（自助餐厅）IwaspresidentoftheclassandIplayedsports.WhenIsatdownatatable,peoplestartedtocomeovertogett
39、heiryearbookssignedandtosignmine.Amongthem,aweakboywithuglyteethandthickglasseskeptshaking.Ihadseenhimaround,andIknewhewasalways25HcdidntseemsureOfhimSeItandwassopalethatithurtustolookathim.Hecameupandaskedme26JCaeyousignthis?”IlookhisyearbookbutIdidn,tknowwhattowrite.IsawthattherewasthenameuRickySa
40、nders“writtenonthefrontofit.SoIwrote:Ricky.Ithinkyou,rcareallynicekid,andIhopeyouhavelotsoffuninyoursummervacation.Signature:Will（Signyournamehere）IputdowntheyearbookandturnedaroundtogetsomesignaturesfromsomeofmyfriendswhenInoticedmyyearbookwasgone.IsawthatRickyhadsatdownwithmyyearbook.uWhatareyoudo
41、ing?”Iaskedhim.Helookedupcalmlyand27saidSign!”Myfriendslaughedloudlyatonce,andIsawthathewascarefullytryingtoputasignatureinmyyearbook.HehadntevenfinishedtheRyet.Ithoughtforawhileand28tolethimsign.IttookhimnearlyfiveminutestosignandwhenIgotmyyearbookback,therewasaveryshaky“RICKY”.Hehuggedhisyearbooka
42、ndsmiled.Icouldn,thelpbutsmilebackathim.Inthatmoment,myattitude（态度）changedcompletely.Igavehimahighfiveandsuddenly29atmytablewantedhissignature.Hewasaskedpolitelytowriteintheiryearbooksandthesignaturepagesofhisyearbookwerefiledup.Hewassmilingsobigthatitlitupthewholeroom.Ichangedschoolsthenextyear,and
43、IneversawRickyagain.30Iwillneverforgetthedaythathebecamethemostpopularguyinschool.Whenevermsad,Istilllookbackatthatyearbook.25.A.laughedatB.lookedafterC.dependedonD.wakenup26.A.happilyB.sadlyC.nervouslyD.clearly27.A.stillB.everC.evenD.just28.A.decidedB.meantC.beganD.prepared29. A.nobodyB.anyoneC.eve
44、ryoneD.someone30. A.InadditionB.HoweverC.AsaresultD.Finally【答案】25.A26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B【分析】本文作者讲述了“我和同学们在年鉴那天互相在年鉴本上签名，一个男孩总是被人嘲笑，他似乎对自己没有信心，“我”在他的年鉴本签名了，也让他在“我”的上面签字，他开心的笑了，我也很开心。后来他被礼貌地要求签他们的年鉴，他的年鉴的签名页也都写满口之后当“我”心情低落的时候，“我”仍然会回头看那本年鉴。25 .句意：我在附近见过他，我知道他总是被嘲笑。IaUgheda1“嘲笑”；IOokedafIer”照顾”；depended
45、on依靠“；WakenUP”醒来，唤醒根据上文“Amonglhem,aweakboywithuglyteethandthickglasseskeptShaking.”可知他总是被人嘲笑，故选AQ26 .句意：他走上前，紧张地问我：“你能签个字吗？”happily“快乐地，高兴地“；Sadly“悲哀地，伤心地“；IIerVoUSIy“紧张地；焦急地：ClearIy“清晰地，清楚地根据上文“Hedidn,tseemsureofhimself,andwassopalethatithurlustolookathim.”可知他很紧张，故选Co27.句意：他平静地抬起头，只说了一句“签字！”Stin还是，
46、仍然“；ever曾经”；even”甚至NjUSr，只是,仅仅根据句中“saidSignL可知他仅仅说了一句“签字！”故选D。28 .句意：我想了一会儿，决定让他签字。decided”决定”；meant意思是；began“开始”；PrePared准备根据上文“HehadnTevenfinishedtheR”yel.IthoughtforaWhile”可知是作者决定让他签字，故选Ao29 .句意：我向他击掌，突然我桌上的每个人都想要他的签名。nobody”没有人，无人“；anyone“任何人；everyone”每人，人人“；SOmeone“某人根据下文“Hewasaskedpolitelytowr
47、iteintheiryearbooksandthesignaturepagesofhisyearbookwerefiledup.“可知所有人想要他的签名，故选C。30 .句意：然而我永远不会忘记他成为学校里最受欢迎的人的那天。inaddition”此夕卜,另外“；HoWeVer“然而；ASareSUlt因此，结果“；FinaIIy”最后，终于。根据上文“1changedschoolsthenextyear,andIneversawRickyagain.”的句意与此句是转折关系，应用However,故选Bo培优争分练一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Doyoueverfindyourselfdoingsomethingwithoutthinkingaboutit?Wedolotsofthingsautomatically,outofhabitratherthanforanygoodreason.Learningtohealthynewhabitscanhelpyoutoreachyourgoals.Ahabitissomethingyoudooften,almostwithoutthinking.Scientists
