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1、热点05活动安排及说明介绍阅读理解之单选题文体特点：中考英语中的应用文，命题特点显著，以搜寻直接信息为主，往往涵盖人物、事件、时间、地点、数字等的考查。因此，学生在备考应用文阅读时，应重点掌握寻读策略，带着问题有针对性地到文中快速寻找答案。细节理解题主要考查对文章（或某一段落）中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案，常用WhO,what,when,where,Why和ho、等提问。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论
2、，此类试题在中考试题中占大多数。抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。阅读理解之应用文包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议、通知等类型的文章。命题规律：1 .特殊疑问句形式。以WherI,where,what.which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出问题。2 .填空题形式。通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节。.题型和考查角度：1.高频考点：直接信息题；间接信息题。3 .中频考点：数字计算题；4 .低频考点，细节排序题；正误判断题。【应试技巧】一、应用文细节理解题型方法和技巧方法1:线索句定位法（直接信息题）所谓线索句，就是为我们提供正确答案的线索，对线
3、索句的精准定位，是阅读高分的秘诀。方法2,间接信息法解题原则：对原文多处相关信息进行整合转换。方法3:数字计算法解题原则：文章中直接给出来相关数据，要经过具体的对比、分析、计算才能够得出答案。方法4:细节排除法解题原则：采用“首尾定位法，先根据第一个事件和最后一个事件缩小范围，再根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。二、应用文推理判断题型方法和技巧方法L.文章出处或应用文类型判定法就是根据文章的语言、用词、格式、内容等推断出文章的出处，如杂志、报纸、网络等。主要考查学生对各种文章出处的特点和常识的掌握能力，以及对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。方法2:逻辑推理法根
4、据上下文及其相互间的关系，对文章片段或全文进行深层理解来解答题目。常以时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据，有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音。主要考查学生对文章细节的理解和逻辑思维的推断能力。一、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）WelcometotheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,aplacefilledwithamazingthingstodiscover.Thefollowingwillhelpyoumakethemostofyourvisit.1.ocation:Address:2
5、00CentralParkWest,NewYork,NY10024.NearestSubwayStations:81stStreet-MuseumofNaturalHistory(BandClines)and86thStreet(Iline).TicketsandHours:Museumhoursaretypicallyfrom10:00A.M.to5:45P.M.daily.Youcandecidehowmuchtopayforyourticket,butitsgoodtopaythesuggestedamount.Itsagoodideatobuyyourticketsonlinetoav
6、oidlonglines.Must-SeeExhibits:Dinosaurs:FeelamazedatthehugedinosaurskeletonsintheHallofSaurischianDinosaurs.TheBlueWhale:Seethelife-sizedmodelofabluewhaleintheMilsteinHallofOceanLife.TheRoseCenterforEarthandSpace:ExploretheuniverseintheHaydenPlanetariumandvisitthefamous“DarkUniversewshow.Fossils:Dis
7、coverthewondersofancientlifeintheFossilHalls,whereyoullfindprehistoriccreaturesandevenaT-Rex!_4_:Themuseumisvast,soplantospendatleasthalfadayexploringtheexhibits.Checkthedailyscheduleforspecialexhibitions,guidedtours,anddifferentshows.Takeamuseummapattheentrancetohelpyounavigatethemassivebuilding.Ph
8、otography:Photographyisallowedinmostareas,butbemindfulofthe“NoPhotographywsignsincertainexhibitionhalls.NearbyAttractions:Afteryourmuseumvisit,takeawalkinCentralPark,orexploreothercoolplacesnearbyliketheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.VisitingtheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryislikegoingonabigadventure!Wheth
9、eryoureasciencehistoryloverOrtravelingwithfamily,thismuseumofferssomethingforeveryone.Enjoyyourvisit!1. Whattypeoftextisthepassage?A.Atravelreport.B.Adiary.C.Atouristguide.D.Asurvey2. YoucanvisittheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.B. in Central Park EastA.at11:00A.M.onSundayC. for freeD.bytakingALine3
10、. Ifyouareinterestedinspace,youcangoto.A. the Hayden PlanetariumC. the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs4. What can be filled in the blank?A. Explore the exhibitsB.theFossilHallsD.theMilsteinHallofOceanLifeB.FunforfamiliesC.EatingtimeD.Planyourvisit5. WhichofthefollowingabouttheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHi
11、storyisNOTTRUE?A. Takingamaphelpstovisitthemuseumbetter.B. Youcan,ttakephotographsinmostexhibitionhalls.C. Therearesomeotherattractionsnearby.D. Youcanbuythemuseumsticketsonlinetoavoidlongwaiting.6. Thepurposeofthematerialisto.A.giveadvicetothetouristsB.provideinformationofthemuseumC.introduceafamou
12、scourseD.offermoreservicesinthemuseum二、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）Nowadaysmanypeoplegocampingforfun.Campingcanbeenjoyedinthebackyardordeepinthewilderness.Whethercampingforonenightorseveralweeks,beingpreparedisthekey.EndleSSfunOncethetentzyourbase,isputupandthefireareaisprepared,thereislotst
13、odo.Fishingandhikingarejustsomeofthefunactivities.Atnight,campers。代ensitbythefire,talkingandtellingstories.Iftheweatherturnsrainy,campersusuallywaititoutintheirtents,reading,drawingorplayinggames.ReclURedeuipmentShelter,bedclothes,foodandwaterarenecessary.Decidingwhatelseyouwillneeddependsonthekindo
14、fcampingtripyouareplanningandthelengthofyourtrip.Packlightifyouaregoingtocarryequipmentanydistance.Clothingshouldbepreparedenoughtoprotectagainstweatherandinsects.Ahat,whistle,bugrepellent（驱虫剂）andropemaycomeinhandy.Dontforgetaflashlight,acompass,cookersandafirst-aidbox.VariOUStentsTherearemanytypesa
15、ndstylesoftents.Youshouldchooseyourtentbasedonyourneeds.Ifyouarecampingaloneinthebackyard,asimplelean-toorsmalltentmaydo.Ifyouarecampingwithyourfamily,alargercabintentorcampingtrailermaybebest.ProPerlOCatiOnSWhereyoudecidetosetupyourcampsiteisveryimportant.Lookforahighanddrylocationifitrains.Thegrou
16、ndshouldbeIeVelbecausehillsandrocksareuncomfortabletosleepon.Asunnyexposure（接触）inthemorningwithshadeintheafternoonisideal.Whereveryoucampzitisimportanttorespecttheenvironmentaroundyou.Ifyouareinapark,makesuretofollowitsrules.Putyourgarbageandwasteinrubbishbins.Ifyouareinthewilderness,keepnoisetoamin
17、imumanddonotdisturbtheplantsoranimals.7. Beforecamperstakeupsomefunactivities,theyshould.A.gofishingandhikingB.chataroundthefireC.setuptheirbaseD.waitfortherain8. Accordingtothepassage,whichitemisessentialforcamping?A.Askirt.B.Ablanket.C.Ahat.D.Arope.9. Ifthecamperfacesastrongwind,whichkindoftentmig
18、htbethebestchoice?A. Lean-to tents. B. Pup tents.C. Alpine tents. D. Dome tents.10. Theunderlinedwordzzleve,probablymeansA. roughB. steepC. highD. flat11. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttobefilledintheblank?A. Green camping B. Park rulesC.PlantprotectorsD.Animallovers12. Themainpurposeofthispassageisto
19、.A. callonmorepeopletotakeupcampingB. introducetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcampingC. offersomesuggestionsonhowtoprepareforcampingD. remindpeopletofollowtherulesofcamping三、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）FollowthecountrysideCodeAutumnisalovelytimeforgettinginthecountrysidetoappreciateallthebea
20、utifulcoloursonthetrees.However,didyouknowthatthereareguidelinesforenjoyingthegreatoutdoors?Herearethemainthingsthatyouneedtoknow.(T)CareforeachotherBefriendlytopeoplewholiveandworkinthecountryside,aswellasfellowvisitors.Thatmeanssharingspacesandnotmakingtoomuchnoise.Cyclistshavetogivewaytowalkers.H
21、owever,ifyou,renotcyclingorriding,youshouldwatchoutforslowerwalkers.(2)KeeptopathWhilemuchofthecountrysideisavailabletothepublic,manyareasarealsoprivate.Followsignsandstayonplannedpathstoavoiddamagingcrops,disturbinganimalsorgettinglost.Usegatesandpaths.Leavegatesasyoufoundthemorfollowinstructionson
22、signstopreventanimalsfromescapingorbeingunabletoreachfood.LeaVenothingbehindIfyouhaveapicnic,makesureyouclearupafterwardsandtakeallyourlitterhome.Rubbishcanbeharmfultowildlife.Ifyouhaveadog,baganydogpooandbinitifyoucan,ortakeithome.Neverlightfiresandonlyhavebarbecuesiftherearesigns.Becarefulnottoste
23、ponplants.Leaverocksandstoneswheretheyare. Keeparespectfuldistancefromwildbirdsandanimals. Keepyourdogsundercontrol,onaleadorwithinyoursightBeforeyouhittheroad,youshoulddesignyourroutebyusingmapsorappschecktheweatherconditionsandmakesureyouaredressedcorrectlytakewaterandsnackstokeepyougoing13. Theun
24、derlinedwordcodeisclosestinmeaningto.A.rulesB.signsC.sightsD.messages14. Whatarevisitorssupposedtodotoshowcareforeachotherinthecountryside?A. Making noise.B. Sharing spaces.C.Givingwaytocyclists.D.Watchingoutforanimals.15. Whatwillhappenifyouleaverubbishbehindinthecountryside?A.Yourdogmighteatit.B.A
25、nimalswillgohungry.C.Theforestwillbeonfire.D.Wildlifewillbeindanger.16. Whichofthefollowingbestfitsintheblank?A.MakeafriendB.GrowplantsC.ProtecttheenvironmentD.Respecteveryone17. Beforeyouleaveforthecountryside,youshould.A.leaveyourgateopenB.keepyourdogundercontrolC.takewaterandsnacksforyourdogD.mak
26、esureyouareproperlydressed18. Thetextaboveisaimedto.A.askforhelpB.giveadviceC.teachalessonD.voiceanopinion四、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）Everyyearthousandsofyoungpeopleleaveschoolforafewweeksormonthsandenjoyanunusualtypeofeducationalprogram.Whattheylearnduringthistimedoesnotcomefrombooks.They
27、learnnewskillsbylivinginadifferentcountryanddoingunusualjobs.Thereareseveralorganizationsthathelpstudentstofindtheexperiencetheyarelookingfor.Thejobdescriptiontablebelowshowsafewpossibilitiesforstudents.CountryJobTimeDescriptionIndiaTeachingyoungchildrenTwomonthsTeachmusicandart*Helpchildrentolearnh
28、owtocommunicateGhanaHealthcareworkerThreemonths*Seehowdoctorsworkinalessdevelopedcountry*HelpcareforsickpeopleThailandSavingelephantsThree*Cleaningelephantsweeks*HelpingtrainelephantsOneinterestingpossibilityishelpingelephantsinThailand.Mostpeoplethinkofelephantsasanimalsinzoosorcircuses.（2）Nowzhund
29、redsofthemarehomeless.（3）Thesegentleanimalsareoftenfoundonthestreetsastheydonothaveownerstocareforthem.Althoughtheymaylookwell,theyareofteninpoorhealthanddon,thaveenoughtoeat.OnecenterinThailandcaresfortheseelephants.Itprovidesasafeandnaturallivingspaceforthem.Whentheyareatthecenter,theystayinabuild
30、ingbutarefreetowalkaround.Studentscomefromallovertheworldtohelphere.Thestudentshelpersworkwiththeelephantkeepers.Thesekeeperstrainthestudentsincaringfortheelephants.Inthemorningztheygototheforesttogetherandleadtheelephantstothecenter.Theycleanthemandgivethemfood.Intheafternoon,theytaketheanimalsback
31、intotheforestforthenight.Helpingatthecenterisinterestingandtheyoungpeoplelearnalot.19. HowlongdoestheeducationalprograminGhanalast?A.TwomonthsB.ThreemonthsC.ThreeweeksD.Twoweeks20. WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEabouttheeducationalprogram?A.ItenablesstudentstolearnnewskillsB.Itcanenrichstudentsexperien
32、ceC.ItoffersawiderangeofchoicesD.Itdoesntrequiretimeawayfromhome.21. Whereshouldthissentencegointhesecondparagraph?However,manyelephantsarenoIongerkeptincaptivity.A.aftersentenceB.aftersentence（2）C.aftersentence（3）D.aftersentence22. TheunderlinedworditinthethirdparagraphreferstoA.ThailandB.thecenter
33、C.theelephantD.livingspace23. Whatdostudentsprobablydoiftheyjointhe“Savingelephants,zprogram?feedelephantscleanelephantstrainelephantsrideelephantsA.B.C.D.24. Whichofthefollowingmightbethebestslogan（标语）foreducationalprogram?A. Workingwithanimalsisgreatfun!B. Astepclosertorealizingyourdream!C. Ajobca
34、nbealearningexperience!D. 1.earningoutsideschoolisdifficult!五、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）TherewasatimewhenNewYorkCitybuildingswerealmostallthesameheight.Todayyoucanseebuildingsofdifferentheightsthatseemtotouchthesky.Theyarecalledskyscrapers（摩天大楼）.TheyshapethefamousNewYorkCityskyline.Itstart
35、edabout90yearsago.Itbeganlikearace.Thiswasn,taracedownthestreetoraroundatrack（跑道）.Itwasaraceforthesky.Whowasracing?Buildingswere.Theirbuilderswereactuallyracingtobuildtheworldstallestskyscraper.Theracestartedslowly.FirstcametheWoolworthBuilding,in1913.Itrose792feetonthesouthernsideofthecity.Fromfara
36、way,itlookedlikeathincastlefloating（漂浮）inthesky.Thentheraceheatedup.In1930,twoskyscraperswerenearingcompletion.TheBankofManhattanBuildingwasfinishedfirst.Itroseupto927feetintothesky.BuilderswerethenputtingaroundroofonthetopoftheChryslerBuilding.Itshotupto925feet.TheBankofManhattan,twofeettaller,seem
37、edtobethewinner.Abigpartywasheldtocelebrateitsvictory.Afewweekslater,NewYorkerssawastrangesight.ThedaythattheChryslerBuildingwastobecompleted,workersraisedashinymetalspire（尖顶）throughthetopofthebuilding,adding121feettothebuildingsheight!At1,048feet,theChryslerBuildingwasnowtheworldstallest.Buttherace
38、wasnotover.Ayearlater,in1931ztheEmpireStateBuildingbecamethenewwinner.Atlz250feet,itwastheworldstallestbuilding.In1973,eventhatrecordwasbroken.BuildersfinishedthetwintowersoftheWorldTradeCenter.At1,368feethigh,theyroseaboveallotherbuildingsinNewYorkCity.Timegoeson.Astechnologyimproves,tallerbuilding
39、sarebeingbuilt.Theraceisstillon.25. TodaytheNewYorkCityskylinebecomesfamousbecausebuildingsthereare.A.allthesameheightB.abovetheskyC.builtindifferentsizesD.ofdifferentheights26. About90yearsago,buildersinNewYorkCitywereracingto.A.buildtheworldstallestskyscrapersB.godowntheNewYorkstreetC.runaroundthe
40、trackD.enjoythefamousskyline27. TheBankofManhattanBuildingwasfeettallwhenitwasfinished.A.792B.925C.927D.92928. TheChryslerBuildingwastheworldstallestin1930because.A.buildersputaroundroofonitstopB.buildersheldapartytocelebrateitC.NewYorkerssawastrangesightD.workersraisedametalspirethroughitstop29. By
41、theendof1973,theworldssecondtallestbuildingwas.A.theWoolworthBuildingB.theChryslerBuildingC.theEmpireStateBuildingD.theWorldTradeCenter30. Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe.A.BeautifulskyscrapersB.RacefortheskyC.CleverbuildersinNewYorkD.Abigcelebrationparty一、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）Witheas
42、yaccesstocamerasonmobilephonesandotherdevices,manypeopletakephotoseveryday.Phonecamerashavemanyfunfeatures.Youcanaddcolorstothephotosthatmakethemartisticandfulloflife.Evenwithawidevarietyoffilters（滤镜）andfeatures,itstilltakesskilltocaptureamazingpictures.Withafewtips,youcanimproveyourphotosandfollowi
43、nthestepsofgreatphotographers.Tip1Chooseyoursubject.Itcouldbealandscape,people,animalsorobjects.Tip2Keepyourbackgroundsimplewithallwhiteorblacktomakeyoursubjectstandout.Tip3Holdyourcamerasteady.Thismaybeharderthanitseems,butdontletshakyhandsruinyourpictures.Tip4Remembertheruleofthirds.Imagineyourpic
44、tureisdividedintothreeequalparts.Placethesubjecttothesideratherthaninthemiddleoftheframe.Tip5Ifyouaretakingnatureshots,useleadinglinestodrawtheviewerseyeintothescene.Examplesmightberailwaytracks,fences,orarowoftrees.Tip6Giveyoursubjectspacetomove.Forexample,ifadogisrunningacrosstheIawnzframetheshots
45、othatthereisroominfrontoftheanimalforittorunintothatemptyspace.Don/tcutitofftooclosely.Tip7Thinkaboutcolors.Justasyouwouldplancolorsforapainting,trytofindcolorschemes(S)thatworkwell.1. Accordingtothepassage,manypeopletakephotoseverydaybecause.A. artistscanhelpaddcolorstothephotospeopletakeindailylif
46、eB. therearemanykindsoffiltersandfeaturesinphonecamerasC. peoplehavelearnedmanyskillstotakeamazingpicturesD. mobilephonesandotherdevicesmakeiteasiertotakephotos2. Thefirststeptotakephotosaccordingtothepassageisto.A.findthepropercolorschemesB.choosethesubjectC.clearthebackgroundD.improveyourcamera3.
47、TheunderlinedwordruininTip3mostprobablymeansm.A.recognizeB.stickC.guideD.destroy4. WhichofthefollowingpicturesbelowfollowsTip5?A.B.C.D.5. Weshouldifwewanttotakeaphotoofarunningdog.A. useleadinglinestodrawviewers*eyesB. moveourhandstocatchthedog,smovementC. leaveenoughspaceinfrontofthedogD. putthedoginthemiddleofthephoto6. Fromthepassage,weknowthatthewriterwantsto.A. remindpeopleoftheimportanceOflearningnewskillsB. teachpeopletotakebetterphotographsC. lookforthebestphotographersD. introducethelatestmodelsofcameras二、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）Taich
