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1、热点Ol广告信息及旅游活动阅读理解之单选题命题趋势上海中考英语阅读A篇主要考查体裁应用文或说明文，往往涵盖人物、事件、时间、地点、数字等的考查。应用文的类型主要有,广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。因此阅读时，应重点掌握寻读策略，带着问题有针对性地到文中快速寻找答案。细节理解题主要考查对文章（或某一段落）中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who,what,when,where,Why和how等提问。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要
2、事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论，抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键。A重难诠释【事实细节题】细节理解题主要考查对文章（或某一段落）中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提问。说明文和叙述文的阅读题有相当一部分是此类题。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论，此类试题在中考试题中占大多数
3、。抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。【判断推理题】推理判断题要求考生根据文章提供的线索和事实进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性，将间接论据连贯起来，得出一个合理的结论。合理，就是论推理有事实根据，而不是读者主观臆断的。推理判断题常以infer,imply,suggest,conclude,Ieamintend,mean,describe,purpose等词提问。提问中往往含有表示推测的情态动词，如can,could,might,would等和其他表示可能性的副词，如probably,mostlikely等。【词义猜测题】词义猜测是根据上
4、下文推断单词和短语的含义，是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和文化品格的一种重要方式。词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了考试大纲词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测,这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。词义猜测题的类型主要有三种：熟词新义，要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思；生词释义，要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义；难句释义，要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。【主旨大意题】主旨大意题对考生的
5、归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。文章主旨大意一般有四种呈现形式：文首、文中、文尾、不明确给出（需要总结）。做这种题要掌握以下技巧：通读文章，重点把握首末段、首末句；作者反复强调的观点或文章中多次出现的词句通常是主旨；注意文中therefore,thus,but,however,inshort,tosumUP等表达转折或总结的词语。主旨大意题是对整篇文章或者文章中个别段落大意的概括，属于高难度、高区分度的题目。主旨大意题主要考查学生在理解全文的基础上对文章内容进行归纳、概括和总结的能力。根据其考查范围，可以分为段落大意题、全文大意题、最佳标题,【应试技巧】应用文的设问一般按照文章段落的顺序依次设置,
6、设问内容一般以细节题为主,兼有询问出处和写作意图的题目。解答应用文，离不开下面方法。快速定位法：在试题中寻找题干关键的线索词,如名词、动词、形容词或副词等实义词,带着问题和它们去阅读短文,要标明其出处,为迅速、准确地选择正确的答案作好充分准备；选项排除法：根据题干提供的信息，把一眼就能看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余选项依据原文辨别真伪。数字计算法，对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以得出符合题目要求的数据。忠实于原文：该类题源于短文,在解题时要紧扣原文,在短文中找到相应出处,以此为中心展开进行答题。快速浏览法：回答文章出处和写作意图题时，要理解文章的主旨大意。一篇文章通常是
7、围绕一个中心展开的,所以只有通过阅读掌握该短文的主旨大意,才能正确理解短文,进而根据短文的事实、细节推断作者的观点和写作意图。通过寻找短文的主题句，而主题句通常在段首（最常见）、段中、段尾，段道和段尾或隐含在段落中。解答主旨大意题时采用快速浏览法,即可找到主题句或主题线索。关注长难句：文章的长难句处常会设问题，必须学会拆分理解长难句。关注转折词：文中however,but,instead,rather等表达转折意义的逻辑词，这类词后常命题。关注同义替换：原句重复出现，一般都是干扰项，正确选项一般都是有改动的。重难通关练一、根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案。Theuniversitystudent
8、sbegintheirsummerholidaytoday.Theyaremakingtheirholidayplans.1. Gracewantstotakesomespecialpictureswithherparentsbeforecelebratinghertwentiethbirthdaynextweek.2. Peterneedsto.3. Tbmwantstofindapart-timejobatweekendstoearnsomemoneyforhisstudy.4. Jennyistoofat.Sheknowsit,snotgoodforherhealthandwantsto
9、takemoreexercise.5. 1.indaisinterestedinplayingtheviolinandwantstogetsomeonetoteachherfacetoface.Thefollowingarcwhattheyhavereadintodaysnewspaper.* GreenlandSportsGroundOpennextweekfrom6:20a.m.to8:30p.m.Price$3perhour($7perhouribrthoseover60)Tel:68886888* CityMuseumThereare120,000piecesonshowhere.Yo
10、ucanseethewholeoflocalhistoryunderoneroof.Therearealsolotsofmummiesandmoregoldthanyou,veeverseenbefore.Time:Monday-Friday9:00a.m.-5:(X)p.m.,Weekends9:00a.m.-9:(X)p.m.Ticket:$20($10forstudents)Tel:23455884* StarPhotoshopPhotosforallpurposesaretakenherewithhalfpriceforfamilyphotos.Time:Monday-Friday8:
11、30a.m.-8:30p.m.,Weekends9:00a.m.-10:00p.m.Price:$60/set-$180/setTel:32045302* ScottishdancingTakeyourpartnersandgetreadytodancetillyoudrop.Scottishdancingisfunandeasytolearn.Place:JackStein,sTime:everyTuesday7:00-10:00p.m.Price:$50includingonedrinkTel:67099868* Part-timeJobofferedDoyouwanttohaveacha
12、ncetocommunicatewiththosewhodoshopping?Ifso,youmaycontactMoonlightBookshop,fortwoshopassistantsarewantedhere.Time:Saturday&Sunday10:00a.m.-8:00p.m.Tel:52310032* HelpfromamusicteacherDoyouwanttoimproveyourviolinskills?JustbringyourowninstrumenttoM&DMusicCentreandstarttolearnatyourownspeedafte
13、rasmalltest.Time:Wednesday&Friday7:00p.m.-8:3Op.m.Price:$40($20forstudents)Tel:283356611. Gracemaybeinterestedintheinformationabout.A.StarPhotoshopB.GreenlandSportsGroundC.ScottishdancingD.Helpfromamusicteacher2. WhatcanbefilledintheforPeterifheisinterestedinCityMuseum?A.learnaboutgoldB.finishhi
14、storyhomeworkC.makeatravelplanD.knowmorelocalpeople3. Tommayworkasaforapart-timejob.A.dancerB.teacherC.shopassistantD.violinplayer4. Jennyneedstopayperhourifshewantstogetmorephysicalexercise.5. A.$3B.$7C.$10D.$206. 1.indaneedstoifshewantstogetaface-to-facetrainer.A.call67099868togetmoreinformationB.
15、attendlessonsatweekendsC.tellthetrainingcenteraboutherlevelD.takeasmalltestfirst7. Thestudentshaveprobablyfoundtheinformationtheyneedonthepage.A.newsB.sportsC.businessD.advertisement【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.A5.D6.D【导语】本文主要讲述了在假期到来时，学生对自己的假期都有一个规划，然后给出了报纸上的一些广告信息，帮助他们找到自己需要的东西。1 .细节理解题。根据“Gracewantstotakesomes
16、pecialpictureswithherparentsbeforecelebratinghertwentiethbirthdaynextweek.”可知，GraCe要拍特写，需要用照相馆。故选A。2 .推理判断题。ftiffictYoucanseethewholeoflocalhistoryunderoneroof.,11I,CityMUSeUm与历史有关。故选B。3 .细节理解题o根据“Doyouwanttohaveachancetocommunicatewiththosewhodoshopping?Ifso,youmaycontactMoonlightBookshop,fortwosho
17、passistantsarewantedhere.”可知，汤姆可以做一份售货员的兼职工作。故选C。4 .细节理解题。根据“GreenlandSportsGround”中的“Price$3PerhOUr”可知，每小时3美元。故选A。5 .细节理解题。根据“starttoIeamatyourownspeedafterasmalltest.”可知，如果琳达想找一个面对面的教练，她需要先参加一个小测试。故选D。6 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在假期到来时，学生对自己的假期都有一个规划，然后给出了报纸上的一些广告信息，帮助他们找到自己需要的东西。因此学生们可能已经在广告页上找到了他们需要的
18、信息。故选D。二、Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）Dearfriendsandcommunity,Wearehappytointroducerecentactivitiesinourcommunity.Chooseanyoneyoulikeandenjoythetimewithyourfamilyandfriends.OnBroadwayThiswillbeanightofthemostentertainingandthrillingBroadwayshowssetonstage.Wewouldliketohonorsomeoftheseworld-cl
19、assactsintheshow.Youwillexperiencedramatictangos（探戈）,elegantwaltzes（华尔兹）andmuchmore.Thisproductionwillattractyouwithitscreativedancing,excitingmusicandbeautifulcostumes.Date:January25February2,6-8pmAdmission:20presale/25onthedoorWinterCampOuruniqueandfunwintercampfeaturesdancing,fitness,gamesandothe
20、ractivities.Whilehavingagoodtime,camperscanimprovetheirbodyCOOrdinatiOn（协调），balance,postureandphysicalcondition.Forthelastday,wehaveplannedaperformanceforfamilyandfriendstoshoweverythingwehavelearnedduringthecamp.Date:MondayJanuary15February14,9am-8:30PmChildrenaged5&upNorthSkylineOpen1.ocatedin
21、thebeautifulBallantyneResort,thisisaneventyouwon,tforget.Enjoydancingwithworld-classperformersandprofessionals.Relaxinthespaorgetawayforaroundofgolfandthentakepartinafantasticeveningofcampfireparty.Date:February5Fee:Y300forB&B（bedroomandbreakfast）Generalinformation:YusimiCruz,Phone:892-7000Items
22、neededDoyouhavebooks,lamps,toys,records,DVDs,holidaydecorations,jewelryoranyotheritemsjustcollectingdust?TimetocleanoutyourroomandbringyouritemstotheCommunitySquare.Allelectronicitemsmustbeinworkingorder.Noclothing,computers,TVsorencyclopediasaccepted.ThosewithquestionsorofferstohelpcancallJaneLeeat
23、1024-10515.CommunitySale:February3CollectionsstartonJanuary12andnoitemswillbeacceptedafterJanuary26.8. HowmuchwillyoupayforatickettoOnBroadwaytwodaysbeforetheshow?A.15B.Y20C.25D.309. Thewintercampenableschildrento.A. Ieam from famous dancersB. gain useful camping skillsC.learnhowtogetonwiththeirpare
24、nts.D.keepfit10. ThosewhoattendtheNorthSkylineOpenwill.A.haveawholedayrelaxB.playgolfwithworld-classjudgesC.getafreespaD.payforbreakfast11. Ifyouwanttosellelectronicitems,theymustbe.A.completelynewB.cleanedcarefullyC.runningwellD.quitesmall12. Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothematerial
25、above?A. PetersonwillenjoypopmusiconBroadway.B. David,smumwouldliketosendhisyoungsisteraged3toattendWinterCamp.C. Jane,sparentsshowgreatinterestincampfirepartyandtheywillcallYusimiCruzformoreinformation.D. Michelle,sfatherwantstosellanoldTVsetsohewillconnectJaneLee.13. Youcanreadthematerialaboveprob
26、ablyfromthe.A.sciencebookreviewB.noticeboardinthecommunityC.sportssectionofanewspaperD.newssectiononawebsite【答案】7.B8.D9.C10.CII.C12.B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍社区最近的活动。7 .细节理解题。根据OnBroadway中的“Admission:20PreSaIe”可知，预售票价是20元，故选Bo8 .细节理解题。根据WinterCamp中的“Whilehavingagoodtime,camperscanimprovetheirbodyCoordination(
27、i),balance,postureandphysicalConditiOn.”可知，在玩得愉快的同时，露营者还可以提高身体的协调性、平衡性、姿势和身体状况。故选D。9 .细节理解题。根据NorthSkylineOpen中的RelaxinthespaorgetawayforaroundofgolfandthentakepartinafantasticeveningofcampfireParIy可知，可以在水疗中心放松或去打一轮高尔夫球，然后参加一个美妙的晚上的篝火晚会。故选C。10 .细节理解题。根据Itemsneeded中的“AHelectronicitemsmustbeinworkingO
28、rder.”可知，所有电子产品必须处于工作状态。故选C。11 .细节理解题。根据NorthSkylineOpen中的“Generalinformation:YusimiCruz,Phone:892-7000”可知，如果简的父母对篝火晚会表现出极大的兴趣，他们可以打电话给尤西米克鲁兹了解更多信息。故选C。12 .推理判断题。本文介绍社区最近的活动，由此推知，可能在社区的布告栏上看到这篇文章。故选B。三、ChOOSethebeStallSWCr（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）Doyoudreamofbeingareporteroraneditor?Areyouagoodwriterwholove
29、sthenews?Ifso,youmayhavewhatittakestobeawinnerintheTFKKidReporterTalentSearch.We,relookingfor12studentsfromaroundthenationtobemembersoftheTFKKidReporterTeamforthe2016-2017schoolyear.NextyearsteamwillcontinuethetraditionofreportinglocalandregionalnewsstoriesforTIMEFORKIDS.ProfessionaljournalistsfromT
30、IMEFORKIDSwillselectthisteam.Inthepastfewyears,TFKkidReportershave:Interviewednationalleaders,celebrities,andothernews-makers.Writtennewsstories,reviewsandopinionpiecesforTIMEFORKIDS.Learnedaboutthenewsbusinessfromaward-winningjournalistswhoworkatTIME.Appearedontelevisiontotalkabouttheirwork.Appeare
31、dontelevisiontogivetalks.HowtoEnterToapply（申请），visitwww.timeforkids.con20!6krandcompletetherequiredfieldsandtheofficialentryform.Besuretoreadtheofficialrulesandsharethemwithyourparentorguardian,whomustsignyourentryformandsubmit（提交）itelectronically.EntriesmustbesubmittedbyJune17,2016.Youmustbe14years
32、ofageoryoungeronSeptember1,2016.Contestopens:10: 00A.M.ESTonMarch14,2016Contestdeadline:12: 00P.M.ESTonJune17,2016AlldownloadsonOurwebsitearefree.Nofeeischargedforapplication.GoodLuck!13. WhatistheTFKKidReporterTalentSearchinthefirstparagraph?A.Astory.B.Aschool.C.Acompany.D.Acompetition.14. Whatdon,
33、tTFKKIDReportersprobablydo?A. Have a talk on TV.B.Teachkidshowtowriteareport.C.HaveaninterviewwithObama.D.Writeanewsstory.15. Theparentsmust.A.fillintheentryformB.sharetheentryformwiththeguardiansC.signtheentryformD.posttheletterofapplicationwithastamp16. Onwhichdayisitpossibleforkidstoapplyforthejo
34、b?A.March15,2015.B.July16,2016.C.May1,2016.D.Today.17. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A. Readerswillvotetoselectthemembersoftheteam.B. TFKKIDReportersmaywritedifferentkindsofarticles.C. Studentsofanyagecanapplyforthejob.D. Studentsneedtopayforthechancetogetthejob.18. Youma
35、yfindtheaboveinformationina/an.A.advertisementB.novelC.poemD.textbook【答案】13.D14.B15.C16.C17.B18.A【导语】本文是一篇广告，主要介绍想要申请当一名记者或编辑，需要浏览网站以及必备的信息，并给出了比赛的具体时间。13 .推理判断题。根据“Doyoudreamofbeingareporteroraneditor?Areyouagoodwriterwholovesthenews?Ifso,youmayhavewhaiittakestobeawinner.”可知，记者、编辑、热爱新闻的好作家都有可能具备成为获
36、胜者的条件。由此推断，“theTFKKidReporterTalentSearch”是一种比赛。故选D。14 .细节理解题。根据“Inthepastfewyears,TFKkidReportershave:Interviewednationalleaders,celebrities,andothernews-makers.Writtennewsstories,reviewsandopinionpiecesfbrTIMEFORKIDS.Leamedaboutthenewsbusinessfromaward-winningjournalistswhoworkatTIME.Appearedontel
37、evisiontotalkabouttheirwork.Appearedontelevisiontogivetalks,TFK儿童记者可以采访国家领导人，可以撰写的新闻故事，可以在电视上发表演讲。文中没有提到教孩子如何写报告。故选B。15 .细节理解题。根据Besuretoreadtheofficialrulesandsharethemwithyourparentorguardian,whomustsignyourentryformandsubmit（提交）itelectronically.请务必阅读官方规定，并与你的父母或监护人分享，他们必须在你的报名表上签名并以电子方式提交。”可知，父母必
38、须在参赛表格上签名。故选C。16 .推理判断题。根据Contestopens:10:00A.M.ESTonMarch14,2016及Contestdeadline:12:00P.M.ESTOnJUneI7,2016”可知，比赛开始时间为美国东部时间2016年3月14日上午10:00,比赛截止H期为美国东部时间2016年6月17日下午12:00；结合常识可知，申请时间不能迟于比赛截止时间。分析选项可知，选项C“2016年5月1日“符合条件。故选C。17 .细节理解题。根据“Writtennewsstories,reviewsandopinionpiecesforTIMEFORKIDS.可知，为儿
39、童时代撰写新闻故事、评论和观点文章。由此说明记者可以写不同类型的文章。故选B。18 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍想要申请当一名记者或编辑，需要浏览网站以及必备的信息，属于广告，因此推断可以在广告中读到这篇信息。故选A。四、根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案。InternationalPoetryCompetitionWorldPoetryDayisatimetoappreciate（欣赏）andsupportpoetsandpoetryaroundtheworld.ItiscelebratedonMarch21eachyear.Itspurposeistoimprovepeoplesa
40、bilitytoread,write,andteachpoemsallovertheworld.ItistimeforstudentstoknowmoreaboutthepoetsandIeamdifferenttypesofpoetry.Poetsmaybeinvitedtoreadandsharetheirworktoaudiencesatbookstores,cafes,universitiesandschools.Awardsandotherformsorrecognitionaremadetohonorpoetsandtheirwork.Thisyear,theInternation
41、alPoetryCentreisholdingapoetrycompetitiontocelebratethefestival!Thecompetitionisopentoallthepoetsaged18andoverfromallovertheworld,andtheywillbedividedintotwogroups:OpenGroup:opentoallthepoetsaged18andoverESLGroup:opentoallthepoetsaged18andoverwhocanwriteinEnglishasaSecondLanguageThewinnersofeachgrou
42、pwillreceive1000.RULES:* A11thepoemsmustbeunpublished（未出版的）works.* Poemswillnotbereturned,sopleasekeepacopy.* Thepoem（s）mustbeinEnglishandcreatedbythepoethimself7herself.* Poemscanbewrittenonanypropersubject.Nosubjectonviolence（暴力）ordrugs.* Thecompetitionbeginson3rdMarch,2021andendson28thAugust,2021
43、.* Toenterforthecompetition,pleasevisittheCentreShoptopay5foreachpoem.Oncethepaymentismade,pleaseemailthepoem（s）topoetrycompcenter.uk.RemembertomarkOpenorESLinthetopright-handcomerofthedocument（文档）toshowwhichgrouptoenterbeforeemailingyourpoem（s）.Questionsaboutthecompetitioncanbeemailedtopoetrycompce
44、nter.uk.19. TheworldPoetryDayison.A.March28thB.March3rdC.March21slD.August28lh20. ThemainpurposeoftheWorldPoetryDayistoA.encouragetheBritishtowritepoemsB.helppeopletoread,writeandteachpoemsbetterC.raisemoneyforthepoetsfromallovertheworldD.teachchildrenhowtoreadandwritepoems21. TheInternationalPoetry
45、Centrewillin2021.A. offer poetry lessons to studentsC. honor poets and their work22. The competition poems should.A. be written in English or ChineseC. avoid the subject of violence or drugs 23. Poets can get 1000 if.A. they win in the groupC. they enter the competition24. You can read this page.A.
46、in a comic book （连环漫画）C. in a sports section of the Evening Paper 【答案】19. C 20. B 21. D 22.B. invite poets to read and share their workD. hold an international poetry competitionB. be published beforeD. be created by famous poetsB. their poems are publishedD. their poems are written by themselvesB.
47、on a poster of a supermarketD. in a literature （文学）magazineC 23. A 24. D【分析】本文介绍了国际诗歌比赛的相关情况，介绍了它的目的，比赛规则等情况。19 .细节理解题。根据“ItiscelebratedonMarch21eachyear.可知，是在每年的3月21H,故选Co20 .细节理解题。HiiSt4Itspurposeistoimprovepeoplesabilitytoread,write,andteachpoemsallovertheworld”可知，目的是提高人们读、写和教世界各地的诗歌的能力，故选B。21 .细节理解题。根据“Thisyear,theInternationalPoetryCentreisholdingapoetrycompetitiontocelebratethefestival”可知，国际诗歌中心举办了一场诗歌比赛来庆祝这个节日，故选D。22 .细节理解题。根据“Poemscanbewrittenonanypropersubject.NosubjectonVioIenCe（暴力）ordrugs”可知，参赛诗歌应避免暴力或毒品的主题，故选C。23 .细节理解题。HliKttThewinnersofeachgroupwillreceive1000,11I,如果他们在小组中获胜，可
