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1、热点02社会生活及个人经历阅读理解之完形填空题命题趋势上海中考英语完形填空以记叙文或夹叙夹议为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然，完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识，阅读理解能力，和综合运用语言的能力完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”能够掌握足够的词汇量，正确运用词类和词语的正确搭配。具有一定的语言运用能力，综合分析能力和词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力，归纳能力。1.扎实的语法、词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。2.分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑
2、关系的能力。4.逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。1 .语义优先于语法原则文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且单纯的语法题已从该题型中逐渐消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区。2 .词内选项句内找原则四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。【应试技巧】1
3、.快速弄清文章大意对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有个大体的r解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2 .弄清楚说明的顺序把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3 .把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对
4、文章进行深层次的理解。4 .注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服思维定势”，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。重难通关练一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）GloriaisafamoushostessofaTVstation.Whenshewas15,shehappenedtowalkintoabookstoreinherhometownandbeganlookingatthebooksontheshelves.Themanbehindthecounter,JohnS
5、mith,askedifshe,dlikeajob.Sheneededtostartforcollege,soshesaidyes.Gloriaworkedafterschoolandduringsummerholidays,andthejobhelpedpayforherfirstyearofcollege.Duringcollegeshewoulddomanyotherjobs:sheservedcoffeeinthestudentunion,andshewasahotelcleanerandevenmademapsfortheForestService.But2bookswasoneof
6、themostsatisfyingjobs.OnedayawomancameintothebookstoreandaskedGloriaforbooksoncancer.Thewomanseemedupset.Gloriashowedherpracticallyeverythingtheyhadandfoundotherbookstheycouldorder.Thewomanleftthestore3,andGloriahasalwaysrememberedtheprideshefeltinhavinghelpedhercustomers.Yearslater,asatelevisionhos
7、tess,Gloriaheardofachildwhowasbornwithproblemswithhisfingersandhand.Hisfamilycouldnot4anoperation,andtheboylivedinshame,hidinghishandinhispocketallthetime.Gloriapersuaded（说服）herbosstoagreetoletherdothestory.Afterthestorywasbroadcast,somedoctorscalled,offeringtoperformtheoperation5.Gloriavisitedthebo
8、yinthehospitalaftertheoperation.Thefirstthinghedidwastoraisehisrepairedhandandsay,tvThankyou.WhatasweetsenseofsatisfactionGloriafelt!AtSmithsbookstore,Gloriaalwaysrealizedshewasworkingforthecustomers,notthestore.Todayit,sthesame.TheTVstationpaysher,butshefeelsthatsheshouldworkforthepeoplewhowatchthe
9、programmes,helpingthemunderstandthe6better.C.surveyingD.making1.A.savingB.studying2.A.borrowingB.lendingC.readingD.selling3.A.moreexcitedB.lessworriedC.quiteinterestedD.verysurprised4.A.doB.offerC.affordD.give5.A.inreturnB.onbusinessC.withpleasureD.forfree6.A.TVstationB.hostessesC.worldD.operation二、
10、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Emilywasateenagerandlivedwithherparents.Sheandherbestfriend,Kim,foundoutthattheirfavoritebandwouldgiveaconcertintheirtownonFridaynight.Theyreallywantedtogo,buttheydidntthinktheirparentswouldagree.Emilyexplainedtoherparentsthatshewantedtogototheco
11、ncertwithKim,buttheythoughtthatshewastooyoungtogowithout7EmilytoldKimthatshecouldnotgototheconcert,butherfriend,sanswerwasareal8toEmily.KimtoldhermumshewouldstudywithfriendsonFriday.“Ireallydonotwanttobedishonestwithmyparents/Emilytoldherfriend.“Oh,9actinglikealittlekid!Everyonelies,“Kimreplied.ButE
12、milywasnotsosure.Shethoughtthathonestywasveryimportant.Emilyneverfeltcomfortablelying,andherparentsalwaystoldherthatitwaswrong.OnThursday,KiminvitedEmilyovertoherhousetowatchamovieafterschool.Whentheygotthere,Kimandhermothergotintoafight.EmilyrealizedthatKimliedtohermother10andhermotherdidnottrusthe
13、r.Emilyhadtogobackhome.Asshewalkedhome,sherememberedthatKimalwaystoldherhowterribleherrelationshipwithhermotherwas.Kimthoughthermotherdidnotunderstandher,butEmilythoughtmaybeKimsmotherwasjustHKimbeingdishonestwithher.Emilydecidedshewouldnotlietoherparentsabouttheconcert.Therewouldbelotsofconcertsint
14、hefuture,buttheyweretheonlyParentsshewouldeverhave.Sheknewitwasbettertohonorthemandhelpthembecauseherparentstrustedher,letherdo12ofthethingsthatshewantedtodo,andshereallypreferreditthatway.7.A.teachersB.friendsC.adultsD.relatives8.A.promiseB.impressionC.experienceD.surprise9.A.continueB.slopC.enjoyD
15、.hate10.A.allthetimeB.atthesamelimeC.forthetimebeingD.aheadoftime11.A.fondofB.satisfiedwithC.usedtoD.tiredof12.A.noneB.fewC.mostD.all三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Teenagersliveverybusylivesnowandoftenforgettothinkabouttheirdietsandexercise.Infact,healthydietalongwithregular
16、exerciseistheonlywaytokeepfit.Duringyourteenageyears,givingyourbodytheenergythatitneedsis13.Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200calories（千卡热量）adaywhileboysneedabit14-doctorssuggest2,800forteenageboys.50%ofyourcaloriesshouldcome15rice,bread,vegetablesandfruit.You16needtodrinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.Drinkin
17、genoughwaterwillimproveyourskinandgiveyouhealthyhair.Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpyou.17,itcanmakeyoulookgood,feelgoodandbehealthy.Expertssuggestthatteenagersshouldspendatleast30minutesexercising,fivetimesaweek.Whenyouexercise,yourbodyproducessomethingthatmakesyoufeelrelaxed.Itcanevenhelpyou18bette
18、ratnightandletyoupaymoreattentionwhenyoustudy!13.A.importantB.hardC.difficultD.comfortable14.A.lessB.fewerC.moreD.much15.A.fromB.forC.toD.into16.A.butB.onlyC.hardlyD.also17. A. As ifB. LikeC. Such asD. For example18. A. wake. B. sleepC. moveD. laugh四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项
19、完成短文）WealwayscelebratedDad,sbirthdayonThanksgivingDayevenafterheenteredanursinghome.Whenweknewitmightbehislastbirthday,thewholefamilydecidedto19forahugebirthdaycelebrationatthenursinghome.Dadwasagoodstorytellerandwewerealwayshislisteners.Duringaquietmoment,Iannounceditwasnos.Dad,sturntolistentosomes
20、toriesfora20.IwantedeveryonetotellDadwhatwelovedabouthim.Theroombecamequiet.Thenoneafteranother,peopletoldstoriesfromtheirhearts,whileDad21withtearsineyes.Peoplerecalledkindsofstories-storiesaboutwhentheywerelittle,storiesaboutwhenDadwasyoung,andstoriesthatsharedfamilytreasures.Everyoneseemedtohavem
21、orethanonestory.EventhelittlegrandchildrencouldntwaittotellDadwhytheylovedhim.Foramanwhohadbeenkindtosomanyhundredsofpeopleinhislife,herewasourchancetotellhimhowmuchwelovehim.Afewmonthslater,atDad,smemorialservice,wemorefully22whatWehadgiventoDadthatnight.Thosearethestoriespeoplenormallytellatafuner
22、al（葬4L）afteralovedoneisnolongeralivetohearthewords.Theytellstoriesfulloftears.23wehadgiventhosememoriestoDadinhislife,andwehadtoldthemthroughlaughter,togetherwithhugsandjoy.Hehadthemtoholdandenjoyedthemfromtimetotimeinhismindduringhislastdaysandmonths.Wordsdomatter,andtheyare24.Wejustneedtosaythempu
23、bliclytotheoneswelove.Thatsthewaystogivebackloveandthat,sourchancetocelebrateapersoninhisorherlife.19.A.dressupB.eatoutC.gettogetherD.havefun20.A.changeB.choiceC.breakD.business21.A.confusedB.listenedC.expectedD.cheered22.A.complainedB.imaginedC.hopedD.realized23.A.AgainB.EvenC.ButD.Just24.A.interes
24、tingB.enoughC.funnyD.simple五、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Itwasyearbook（学校年刊）dayandweweregivenanhourtosigneachothersyearbookinthecafeteria（自助餐厅）IwaspresidentoftheclassandIplayedsports.WhenIsatdownatatable,peoplestartedtocomeovertogettheiryearbookssignedandtosignmine.Amongthe
25、m,aweakboywithuglyteethandthickglasseskeptshaking.Ihadseenhimaround,andIknewhewasalways25.HcdidntseemsureOfhimSeIlandwassopalethatithurtustolookathim.Hecameupandaskedme26.“Canyousignthis?”IlookhisyearbookbutIdidntknowwhattowrite.Isawthattherewasthename44RickySanderswrittenonthefrontofit.SoIwrote:Ric
26、ky.Ithinkyoureareallynicekid,andIhopeyouhavelotsoffuninyoursummervacation.Signature:Will(Signyournamehere)IputdowntheyeabookandturnedaroundtogetsomesignaturesfromsomeofmyfriendswhenInoticedmyyearbookwasgone.IsawthatRickyhadsatdownwithmyyearbook.ttWhatareyoudoing?”Iaskedhim.Helookedupcalmlyand27said“
27、Sign!”Myfriendslaughedloudlyatonce,andIsawthathewascarefullytryingtoputasignatureinmyyearbook.HehadntevenfinishedtheRyet.Ithoughtforawhileand28tolethimsign.IttookhimnearlyfiveminutestosignandwhenIgotmyyearbookback,therewasaveryshaky“RICKY”.Hehuggedhisyearbookandsmiled.Icouldn,thelpbutsmilebackathim.
28、Inthatmoment,myatlitude(态度)changedcompletely.Igavehimahighfiveandsuddenly29atmytablewantedhissignature.Hewasaskedpolitelytowriteintheiryearbooksandthesignaturepagesofhisyearbookwerefiledup.Hewassmilingsobigthatitlitupthewholeroom.Ichangedschoolsthenextyear,andIneversawRickyagain.30Iwillneverforgetth
29、edaythathebecamethemostpopularguyinschool.Whenevermsad,Istilllookbackatthatyearbook.25.A.laughedatB.lookedafterC.dependedonD.wakenup26.A.happilyB.sadlyC.nervouslyD.clearly27.A.stillB.everC.evenD.just28.A.decidedB.meantC.beganD.prepared29.A.nobodyB.anyoneC.everyoneD.someone30.A.InadditionB.HoweverC.A
30、saresultD.Finally培优争分练一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Doyoueverfindyourselfdoingsomethingwithoutthinkingaboutit?Wedolotsofthingsautomatically,outofhabitratherthanforanygoodreason.Learningtohealthynewhabitscanhelpyoutoreachyourgoals.Ahabitissomethingyoudooften,almostwithoutthi
31、nking.Scientistssaythathabitsareformedinthebrainandincludeacause,actionandareward.IfyouhaveahabitofwatchingTVwhenyougethomefromschool,thecausewouldbecomehomefromschool;the2isturningontheTV;andtheremightbethehappy,relaxedfeelingfromwatchingyourfavoriteprogram.Thisgoodfeelingmakesyouwanttodothesamethi
32、ngafterschoolthenextdaytoo,andovertimeitcanbecomeahabit.Turningsomethingintoahabitmeansyoudon,thaveto3it,whichisgoodnewswhenit,shealthy.Goodhabitscanhelpguardagainstbadonestoo,suchasworrying.Scientistsbelievethatnearlyhalfofeverythingwedoeverydayisoutofhabit,soforming4habitsisalsoagreatwaytohelpyout
33、oreachyourgoals.DrRadhaModgilnotesthatit,simportanttothinkaboutwhyyouwanttochange.tiWhat5doyouwanttoachieve,andhowareyougoingtodoit?”sheasks.Whenit,stimetobegin,44Trythe1%idea,whereeverydayyouimproveorchange6by1%.Thatwayyoustarttosecprogressandyourenotputoffbyfailure.Rememberthatformingnewhabitsisnt
34、alwayseasybutitwillbeworthitintheend.uChanginghabitscanchangeyourlife5saysModgil.1.A.observeB.createC.enrichD.control2.A.actionB.solutionC.stressD.thought3.A.lookupB.dependonC.thinkaboutD.completewith4.A.patientB.wonderfulC.unusualD.helpful5.A.exactlyB.completelyC.luckilyD.directly6.A.anythingB.ever
35、ythingC.somethingD.nothing二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Itscommontowondersometimes,ttWhatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?Itsimportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon,tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa7partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenif
36、somethingdoesntgotoplan:44WhatifImakeamistake?oruWhatifeveryone8me?”ThCSeuwhat-if,worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you,reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea（n）9.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout4*what-if,makesyoufeelanxious（焦虑的）andworried.Forexample,
37、youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou,redoing.Therearcdifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatinganuif7then,plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand10yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou,reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallyno
38、isyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.ttYoucanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto11happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.ttRemcmbcrtheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry12.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou,redoing.Gettingangrywithyours
39、elfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.7.A.normalB.dramaticC.pleasantD.simple8.A.dependsonB.believesinC.laughsatD.Ieamsfrom9.A.adventureB.surpriseC.goalD.disaster10.A.helpB.understandC.judgeD.remind11.A.actuallyB.exactlyC.certainlyD.immediately12.A.arriveB.winC.endD.think三、Choosethebestanswerand
40、completethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）ShouldpeoplewalkwheretheywantInmostofEngland,walkersarelimitedtoftpaths.Morethan100musicians,actorsandwriterswrotetotheUKgovernment,tinthebookswewrite,thesongswesing,theartwemake,wecelebratetheimportantconnectionthatwefeelwithnature.Butthatconnectionis13bythefencestha
41、tsurround（围绕）muchofEngland,sland,stoppingpeoplefromwalkingfree.”Althoughin2000,alawwaspassedtoallowpeopletowalkaround8%ofEnglandscountryside.Somepeoplesaythisisntgoodenough.Otherspointoutthattherearebusinessesthatneedtokeepthelandprivate.Whatdoyouthink?Shouldpeoplebeallowedtowalkwherevertheylike?YES
42、!NaturebelongstoeveryoneNowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors一fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Itencouragespeopleandbringsthem14andrelaxation.Yetthisspaceisnotenoughandisnowsurroundedbyfences.Togetclosertonature,mostpeoplehavetotravelformiles.Everyoneshouldbeabletogetclosetonature15.Blues
43、ky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.Butthetruthisthatsuchasmallnumberofpeopleownsuchhugeamountsofland.AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.Thisisn,t16.NO!ThewalkingpathsareenoughThelandisn,tjustforpeople,senjoymentorhealth.Formanypeople,itmean
44、sfamilyswhole-yearincome.17,farmersneedfieldstokeeptheiranimals,likesheeporbulls,foraliving.Also,itisn,tsafeforwalkerstowalkaroundbecausethelandmayhavemanyhidden18suchaswetlandsandsnakes.Moreover,walkersdonotalwaysshowtheirrespect.Theyleavegatesopen,littereverywhere,scareoffbirdsandstandoverplants.I
45、nfact,manypeoplearenotreallylookingforaconnectionwiththewild.Theyjustwantashortwalkwiththenicescenery.Thegovernmentshouldfocusonmakingpathsforwalkersandleavetherestofthelandalone.13.A.rebuiltB.blockedC.linkedD.supported14.A.pleasureB.progressC.wisdomD.reference15.A.faithfullyB.carefullyC.safelyD.eas
46、ily16.A.commonB.flexibleC.fairD.guilty17.A.AfterallB.ForexampleC.What,smoreD.Asaresult18.A.memoriesB.enemiesC.secretsD.dangers四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Manyteensarcn,tgettingenoughsleep.AccordingtoaU.S.survey,morethanoneinfiveteenshavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasl
47、eep.Here,some19experts（专家）areofferingtipstohelpteensgetabetternight,ssleep.SonaiMalhotraSmallchangescanoftenmakeabigdifference.Trychangingonebadsleephabitatatime.Forexample,20havingabigmealclosetobedtimeormakesureyourroomisdarkandcomfortable.It,snotpossibletochangeeverythingallatonce.Ifyoucanchangeonehabitevenseveralnightsaweek,that,sgreat.1.isaDamourWehaveplentyofresearchshowinghowdamagingtechnologyistosleep.Noone-childrenoradults-shouldhaveaphoneintheirbedroomatnight.Ifthatstoohardforyou,youc
