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1、美国名人首位进入太空宇航员艾伦谢泼德AlanShepard,1923-1998:TheFirstAmericantoTravelintoSpaceplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:37repeatByAviArditti2008-8-23VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AlanShepardwaitingforlaunchintospaceonMay5,1961AndmSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPeopleinAmerica.Eachweekwetellaboutsomeon
2、eimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.ThisweekwetellaboutastronautAlanShepard,whowasthefirstAmericantoflyinspace.MISSIONCONTROL:Three,two,one,zero.liftoff!SHEPARD:Roger,liftoffandtheclockhasstarted.VOICEONE:Theclockhasstarted.Withthosewords,AlanShepardbecamethefirstAmericantotravelintospace.Hewasi
3、nasmallspacecraftcalledFreedomSeven.Itwasontopofahugerockettravelingatmorethaneightthousandkilometersanhour.FifteenminutesIateoFreedomSevencamedownintheAtlanticOcean.AlanShepardwasanationalhero.HehadwonanimportantvictoryfortheUnitedStates.ThedatewasMayfifth,nineteensixty-one.TheUnitedStatesandtheSov
4、ietUnionwereinatensecompetitionforworldinfluence.Andthiscompetitionwasreachingevenintothecolddarknessofspace.VOICETWO:Innineteenfifty-seven,theSovietUnionlaunchedthefirstelectronicsatellite,SputnikOne.TheUnitedStatessuccessfullylauncheditsfirstspacecraftlessthanfourmonthslater.Nowthetwosideswereraci
5、ngtoseewhocouldlaunchthefirsthumanspacetraveler.OnApriltwelfth,nineteensixty-one,SovietcosmonautYuriGagarinflewinspaceforonehundredeightminutes.HecircledtheEarthonce.TheSovietsagainwerewinningthespacerace,butnotforlong.ThreeweekslatertheUnitedStatesalsoputamanintospace.Hewasathirty-seven-year-oldoff
6、icerintheNavy-AlanShepard.VOICEONE:AlanBartlettShepard,Junior,wasbornonNovembereighteenth,nineteentwenty-threeinEastDerryzNewHampshire.HegraduatedfromtheUnitedStatesNavalAcademyinnineteenforty-four.Hemarriedsoonafterhisgraduation.ThenheservedforashorttimeonadestroyerinthePacificduringWorldWarTwo.Inn
7、ineteenforty-seven,AlanShepardbecameapilotintheNavy.Laterhebecameatestpilot.Thelifeofatestpilotcanbeverydangerous.IthelpedprepareAlanShepardforanevengreaterdangerinthefuture.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThesuccessesthattheSovietUnionhadwithitsSputnikprogramcausedtheUnitedStatestospeedupitsplansforaspaceprogram.T
8、heAmericansdecidedtolaunchasatelliteassoonaspossible.Thefirstattemptfailed.Therocketexplodedduringlaunch.Supportwasgrowing,inCongressandamongscientists,foraUnitedStatescivilianspaceagency.Soon,CongresspassedabillcreatingNASA-theNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration.PresidentEisenhowersignedthebi
9、llintolaw.NASAsjobwastobescientificspaceexploration.ItsmajorgoalwassendingthefirstAmericansintospace.Withinthreemonths,theprogramhadaname:ProjectMercury.MercurywasthespeedymessengeroftheGreekgods.Whileengineersbuiltthespacecraft,NASAlookedformentoflythem.NASAwantedmilitarytestpilotsbecausetheytestfl
10、ynewplanes.Testpilotsaretrainedtothinkquicklyindangeroussituations.OnAprilseventh,nineteenfifty-nine,thespaceagencyannouncedthesevenMercuryastronauts.TheywouldbethefirstAmericanspacetravelers.AlanShepardwasone.TheotherswereScottCarpenter,GordonCooper,JohnGlenn,VirgilGrissomzWalterSchirraandDonaldSla
11、yton.VOICEONE:Ninemonthsaftertheprojectstarted,NASAmadeitsfirsttestflightoftheMercuryspacecraftfromCapeCanaveral,Florida.Inthenexttwoyears,manyothertestsfollowed,allwithoutastronauts.ThefinaltestflightwasattheendofJanuary,nineteensixty-one.ItcarriedachimpanzeenamedHamonaseven-hundred-kilometerflight
12、overtheAtlanticOcean.Severalproblemsdeveloped.ButHamsurvivedthelaunchandthelandingintheocean.LaterzAlanShepardoftenwasaskedhowhebecamethefirsthumanAmericantoflyinspace.Theyranoutofmonkeys,hejoked.VOICETWO:ThereweresomeconcernsaboutthesafetyofthehugeRedstonerocketthatwastocarrythespacecraft.Thelaunch
13、hadbeendelayedseveraltimeswhilemoretestsweredone.Bythetimetherocketwasreadyforlaunch,YuriGagarinhadalreadygoneintospacefortheSovietUnion.ThechoiceofAlanShepardtobethefirstAmericantoflyinspacewasannouncedjustafewdaysbeforethelaunch.FlightsplannedforMaysecondandMayfourthhadtobehaltedbecauseofbadweathe
14、r.OnMayfifth,nineteensixty-one,aFriday,AlanShepardstruggledonceagainintohisMercurycapsule.ThevehiclewasnamedFreedomSeven.Therewasalmostnoroomtomove.Shepardwaitedinsideforfourhours.Weatherwaspartlythecauseofthedelay.Therewerecloudsthatwouldpreventfilmingthelaunch.Alsosomelast-minuterepairshadtobemade
15、tohisradio.Shepardwastiredofwaiting.Sohetoldthegroundcrewtohurrytosolvetheproblemsandfiretherocket.Finally,theydid.VOICEONE:Therocketslowlybeganclimbing.MillionsofradiolistenersheardavoicefromtheCapeCanaveralcontrolroomsay:Thisisit,AlanShepard,theresnoturningback.GoodluckfromallofushereattheCape.The
16、rocketrosehigherandhigher.Forfiveminutes,AlanShepardfelttheweightlessnessofspace.Hefelthimselffloating.FreedomSevenflewonehundredeighty-fivekilometershigh.Thenitre-enteredtheatmosphereandthespacecraftslowed.Thefifteen-minuteflightendedwithasoftsplashintotheoceanaboutfivehundredkilometersfromCapeCana
17、veral.AlanShepardreported:EverythingisA-Okay.Ahelicopterpulledhimfromthespacecraftandcarriedhimtoawaitingship.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Theflightwasacompletesuccess.Threeweekslater,PresidentJohnF.KennedydeclaredanewgoalfortheUnitedStates.HecalledforlandingamanontheMoonandreturninghimsafelytotheEarthbytheendof
18、thenineteensixties.InJulyofnineteensixty-ninethatgoalcametrue.AlanShepardwasnotonthatfirstApollomoonflight.Infact,healmostnevermadeittothemoon.Hedevelopedadisorderinhisinner-ear.Itkepthimfromspaceflightforanumberofyears.Finally,anoperationcuredhisproblem.NASAnamedShepardtocommandApolloFourteen.Thefl
19、ightwaslaunchedattheendofJanuary,nineteenseventy-one.StuartRoosaandEdgarMitchellweretheothermembersofthecrew.ANASAvideoimageofAlanShepardhittingagolfballonthemoonRoosaorbitedthemoonwhileShepardandMitchelllandedonthesurface.Theycollectedrocksandsoil.Shepardalsodidsomethingelse.Heplayedgolf.Hehittwosm
20、allgolfballs.Itwasnoteasy.Shepardwasdressedinabigspacesuit.HedescribedhisdifficultytoMissionControlinHouston.WhenSheparddidhitthegolfballs,theytraveledformilesandmiles/ashereported,becausethegravityonthemoonisone-sixthofthegravityonEarth.VOICEONE:TheonlyhumanstowalkonthemoonwereintheApollospacefligh
21、tprogram.TwelveAmericanastronautswalkedonthemoonbetweennineteensixty-nineandnineteenseventy-two.AlanShepardwasthefifthone.Innineteenseventy-four;heretiredfromNASAandtheNavy.ShepardbecamechairmanofabuildingcompanyinHouston,Texas.Laterhebeganhisowncompany,calledSevenFourteenEnterprises.Itwasnamedforhi
22、sflightsonFreedomSevenandApolloFourteen.HealsowroteabookwithastronautDekeSlaytonabouthisexperiences.ThebookiscalledMoonShot.Andheledagroupraisingcollegemoneyforscienceandengineeringstudents.VOICETWO:AlanSheparddiedonJulytwenty-first,nineteenninety-eightafteratwo-yearfightwiththeblooddiseaseleukemia.
23、Hewasseventy-fouryearsold.Hehadbeenmarriedtohiswife,Louise,forfifty-threeyears.AlanShepardwasthefirstAmericantoflyinspace.Herodeintotheskyonrocketfuelandthehopesanddreamsofanation.HewillalwaysberememberedasanAmericanherobecauseofthosefifteenminutesinspace.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyAviArdittiandproducedbyLawanDavis.ThisisShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndthisisSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
