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1、美国名人爵士乐音乐家路易斯阿姆斯特朗1.ouisArmstrong,1901-1971:TheAmbassadorofAmericanJazzplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:34repeatBy2008-9-27VOICEONE:ThisisGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndthisisSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutLouisArmstrong,oneofthegreatestjazzmusicians.Hisvoice,trumpet-playingski
2、llandcreativitycontinuetoinfluencejazzartiststoday.OneofLouisArmstrongsbiggesthitswasHelloDolly.1(MUSIC:HelloDolly)VOICEONE:1.ouisArmstrongatVoiceofAmerica1.ouisArmstrongplayedjazz,sangjazzandwrotejazz.Herecordedhitsongsforfiftyyearsandhismusicisstillheardtodayontelevision,radioandinmovies.1.ouisArm
3、strongwasborninNewOrleans,LouisianaonAugustfourth,nineteen-oh-one.NewOrleansisaportcityatthemouthoftheMississippiRiver.Itisacitywherethecustomsofmanydifferentpeoplemixedtogether.1.ouisArmstronggrewupinStoryville,oneofthepoorestareasofNewOrleans.Hisfatherleftthefamilyshortlyafterhewasborn.Hismotherwo
4、rkedtosupporthimandhissister.ButArmstrongspentmostofhistimewithhisgrandmother.VOICETWO:JazzwasjustbeginningtodevelopwhenLouiswasaboy.Itgrewoutofthebluessongsandragtimemusicthathadbeenpopularattheturnofthecentury.1.ouisdiscoveredmusicearlyinlife.Hewassurroundedbyit.Themusicofchurches,bands,paradesand
5、drinkingplaceswerealladailypartofNewOrleansculture.Louissangwithotherboysonthestreetsformoney.Therehebegantodevelophismusicalskills.VOICEONE:Whenhewaselevenyearsold,LouiswassenttoareformschoolforfiringagunoutsidetocelebrateNewYearsEve.Attheschool,helearnedtoplaythetrumpetintheschoolsbrassband.1.ouis
6、spenteighteenmonthsatthereformschool.Thenhewentbacktowork.Hesoldnewspapers,unloadedboatsandsoldcoalfromahorseandcart.HealsolistenedtobandsatpopularclubsinStoryville.JoeKingOliverplayedwiththeKidOryBand.HesoonbecameyoungLouissteacher.AsLouissskillsdeveloped,hebegantoperformprofessionally.VOICETWO:Att
7、heageofeighteen,ArmstrongjoinedtheKidOryBand,oneofthefinestbandsinNewOrleans.Theexperiencehelpedhimdevelophismusicskills.ArmstronglaterreplacedKingOliverinthebandwhenOlivermovedtoChicago,Illinois.Innineteen-nineteen,ArmstrongjoinedFateMarablesbandinSaintLouis,Missouri.Marablesbandplayedonsteamboatst
8、hattraveledupanddowntheMississippiRiver.WorkingwithMarablehelpedprepareArmstrongtoplayforwhiteaudiences.VOICEONE:Innineteentwenty-two,ArmstronglefttheMarableBandtoplaywithKingOliverinChicago.Bythen,Chicagohadbecomethecenterofjazzmusic.TheHotFiveAyearlater,ArmstrongmadehisfirstrecordingsasamemberofKi
9、ngOliversCreoleJazzBand.HelatermovedtoNewYorkCity,whereheinfluencedtheFletcherHendersonOrchestrawithhiscreativity.ArmstrongreturnedtoChicagoinnineteentwenty-sixandformedhisowngroup.TheywerecalledtheHotFiveandlatertheHotSeven.Theirrecordingsareconsideredsomeofthemostinfluentialinjazzhistory.Armstrong
10、couldmakehisvoicesoundlikeamusicalinstrument.Hecouldmakeaninstrumentsoundlikeasingersvoice.ThesongHeebieJeebiesissaidtobethefirstrecordedexampleofwhatbecameknownasscatsinging.HerecordeditwiththeHotFive.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Bynineteentwenty-nine,Armstrongwasbecomingverypopular.HereturnedtoNewYorktoplayina
11、nall-blackBroadwaymusicalcalledHotChocolates.TheshowincludedthemusicofFatsWaller.ArmstrongsversionofWallerssong,AintMisbehavin,wasahugehit.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:SatchmoBytheendofthenineteentwenties,Armstronghadformedhisownband.Innineteenthirty-two,hesailedtoEngland,andhadgreatsuccess.Areportertherecalledh
12、imSatchmozandhekeptthatnicknamefortherestofhislife.Forthenextthreeyears,ArmstrongplayedincitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesandEurope.1.ouisArmstrongreturnedtotheUnitedStatesinnineteenthirty-five.HehiredJoeGlasertobehismanager.Glaserprovedtobeagreatmanagerandfriend.GlaserorganizedabigbandcalledLouisArmstron
13、gandhisOrchestra.Itwasoneofthemostpopulargroupsoftheswingmusicperiod.Swingwasastyleofjazzplayedbybigbandsinthenineteenthirties.VOICETWO:Thegroupplayedtogetherforthenexttenyears.Duringthattime,ArmstrongbecameoneofthemostfamousmeninAmerica.Heexperiencedracialunfairnessduringhislife.Butherarelymadepubl
14、icstatements.Onetime,however,hecriticizedthewaythegovernmenttreatedblacksintheAmericanSouthinthenineteenfifties.Newspapersaccusedhimofbeingatroublemakerforspeakingout.Inthenineteenforties,Armstronggrewtiredofleadingalargegroup.Fortheremainingyearsofhislife,heledasix-membergroupcalledtheAllStars.Theg
15、roupincludedsomeofthebestmusiciansinAmerica.TheyperformedextensivelyinAfrica,Asia,EuropeandSouthAmerica.VOICEONE:1.ouisArmstrongsWhataWonderfulWorldOvertheyears,Armstrongrecordedwithmanyfamousmusicians.Forexample,heworkedwithsingersEllaFitzgeraldandBingCrosbyandthegreatcomposerDukeEllington.Armstron
16、gwasknownasfriendlyandeasytoworkwith.Armstrongsbiggesthitscamelaterinhislife.ThesongMacktheKnifewasabighitinnineteenfifty-five.Innineteensixty-four,hisversionofthesongHelloDollywasthetophitaroundtheworld.Itevenreplacedatop-sellinghitbythehugelypopularBritishrockgroup,theBeatles.Threeyearslater,heapp
17、earedinthemotionpictureversionofHelloDollywithsingerBarbraStreisand.ThesongWhataWonderfulWorld/recordedinnineteensixty-eight,washisfinalbighit.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:1.ouisArmstrongneverfinishedthefifthgradeinschool.Yethewrotetwobooksabouthislifeandmanystoriesformagazines.Heappearedinmorethanthirtymovies.H
18、ecomposedmanyjazzpieces.Hewonseveralgoldrecordsandmanyotherawards.Armstrongperformedanaverageofthreehundredconcertseachyear,travelingallovertheworld.HebecameknownastheambassadorofAmericanJazz.1.ouisArmstrongwasmarriedfourtimes.LucilleArmstrongwashisfourthwife.Theymarriedinnineteenforty-twoandstayedt
19、ogetherfortherestofhislife.Theyhadnochildren.1.ouisArmstrongdiedinnineteenseventy-one.Hisdeathwasfrontpagenewsaroundtheworld.Innineteenseventy-seven,hishomeinQueens,NewYork,wasdeclaredanationalhistoricplace.Itisnowamuseum.FormoreinformationaboutLouisArmstrongandhishouse,youcangotothemuseumsInternetWebsite.T.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyCynthiaKirk.ThisisGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndthisisSteveEmber.ListenagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
