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1、-非谓语和谓语一、区分谓语和非谓语谓语谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后，说明主语“是什么或者“做什么，或说明主语的状态。谓语由简单动词或动词短语助动词或情态动词主要动词构成。 谓语必修注意时态、语态和主谓一致1简单谓语 (1). What happened 发生了什么事？ (2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3). The plane took off at ten oclock. 飞机是十点起飞的。 2.复合谓语可分为两种情况： 第一种是由情态动词，助动词+不带to的动词不定式
2、构成的复合谓语： What does this word mean I wont do it again. Ill go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao. Youd better catch a bus. 第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如： You look the same. We are all here. The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer. Keep quite and listen to me. He looked worried. We have to b
3、e up early in the morning. Note:一个英语句子就有一套主谓构造；如果是从句，则至少有两套主谓构造，每套要求主语和谓语在时态和人称上要一致。祈使句无主语。非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式： to do, doing和done. 非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进展式不定式主动to doto have doneto be doing被动to be doneto have been doneing 形式主动doinghaving done被动being donehaving been done过去分词被动done
4、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。找出以下句中的动词非谓语，并注意他们在句子中充当的成分。To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure. Her job is to clean the hall. Mar
5、* found it important to study the situation in Russia.He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about.He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. Reading is important in learning English. Looking after the patient is a nurses job. He sle
6、pt in the sleeping bag. Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.= On hearing their teachers voice = When they heard their teachers voice, the pupilsDont be careless when /while having an e*am. = Dont be careless in having an e*am. = Dont be careless when / while you are havi
7、ng an e*am.Not knowing how towork out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. = Because he didnt know how to Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. = , which caused the delay.He is apromisingyoung man.Make less noise. Theres asleepingchild.The young mans
8、itting between John and Maryis the editor of the campus newspaper.= The young man who sits between is the . Thosewishing to join this clubshould sign here.(=Those who wish to join the club should sign here.)The book is interesting and Im interested in it.The concert given by their friends was a succ
9、ess.Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写. 值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表构造,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦).Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he
10、didnt hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音. Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保存连词,构成连词+过去分词构造作状语.When given a medical e*amination, you should keep
11、 calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)1. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.2. Gentlemen always shake handswhen introduced to each other.3. While we were walking in the street, we met some friend
12、s of ours.4 While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.6 Supported by his little grandson, the old man walked slowly. 7 . The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.8 The ground covered with whi
13、te snow looks very beautiful.9. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.10 There is a tall tree covering the entrance to the cave.11. The worker wrote to the police and _ (disclose) who _(steal) the money.12 The worker wrote to the police, _ (disclose) who _(steal) the money.13. L
14、ook round when you (cross) the street.14 Look round when (cross) the street.15. When she (hear) the news, she burst into laughter.16 (hear) the news, she burst into laughter.三 、非谓语1 Around the end of the first century, a Roman writer _(call) Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption .2 Pliny de
15、scribed a cloud _(e) down the mountain.4 One person,_(sit) alone, looks like he is praying.5 Anne was brought in _(help) Helen.6Her first goal was _(stop) Helens troublesome behaviour.7 Helen would have to learn to understand words _(spell) on her hand.8 The word “think was such a difficult one for
16、Helen but she had a breakthrough while _(work) on a simple task.9 Mr Bean is an internationally _(recognize) edy character on TV and in films.10 Have you ever had trouble _(try) to spell a word11 He is shocked _(discover) that “steak tartare is actually raw hamburger.12 He makes an attempt _(eat) it
17、, but it is clear from the look on his face that he finds the taste truly _(disgust).13 He smiles and nods, _(indicate) everything is fine.14 He then looks from the menu to the money with concern until he finds one thing that_ (make) him _(smile).15 He pensated for this by _ (talk) very deliberately
18、.16 When he looks at the menu, an _(astonish) look swiftly appears on his face.17Uncertain about how to fi* them, she stopped _(think).四、完成句子1 他快步走进大厅，身后跟着两个士兵He hurried to the hall，_.2他刚下车，就发现钱包被偷了。The moment he got off the bus，_.3那位专家所给的建议是很有道理的。用非谓语作定语_ is very reasonable.五、用动词的适当形式填空1. During th
19、e summer holiday of 2005, I _ (think) I should do something meaningful instead of _(stay) at home and _(watch) TV.2. I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and _(work) there as a cleaner.3. After all,I _(stick) to it with my determination.4. No one can avoid _(influence) by advertisements.5. Radi
20、o, television and puters have made it possible for advertisements _(attract) the attention of millions of people.6. Meanwhile, _(make) an advertisement, a lot of people will have to work together.7. In a word, _(advertise) is an important business.8. About fifty American students will e _(visit) our
21、 school on October 22nd.9. We must _(talk) with them in English.10. Please _(be) friendly and courteous to them.11. I have received your letter and Im glad _(give) you some suggestions.12. Fist of all, dont be _(disappoint).13. Many students find it difficult _(write) well.14. In my opinion, if you
22、want _(improve) your writing, you should do the _(follow) things.15. Then youll be able _(use) them correctly yourself.16. So, in order _(write) well, you must learn _(read) a lot.17. Finally, youd better _(recite) some good passages.18. Im sure you can improve your _(write) English.19. I feel I wil
23、l be fit for the job _(need) in your pany.20. I _(study) English for si* years.21. I am good at both _(operate) a PC and English.22. I can read, write, _(listen) to and speak English.23. Im _(interest) in the position of a secretary.24. I want very much _(accept) by your pany.25. 55% of the students
24、 think they should take e*ercise every day, such as _ (do) morning e*ercises _(play) ping-pong and basketball.26. 45% believe _(take) e*ercise is a waste of time and it is _(tire).27. After _(have) sports, they are much too _(e*cite) for a long time to pay attention to their lessons.28. Its possible
25、 _(get) hurt in sports.29. _(see) from the hill, our school looks very beautiful.30. The book, _(write) in 1975, is still popular now.六、 改写以下句子,其划线局部应改为分词短语31. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.32. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.33.
26、 A cold rain was falling. It was mi*ed with snow.34. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.35. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.36. The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.37. There is a tall tree which covers the
27、entrance to the cave.38. The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.39. Look round when you cross the street.40. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.七、语篇填空1 It was getting dark when I 1._ (get) home.It was cold and I 2._ (wear) a coat.I walked up to the door and pu
28、t my land into my pocket to take out the key，but I couldnt it find it.I suddenly remembered that I 3._ (leave) it on my desk in the office.It really didnt make any difference.I knew my wife 4._ (be) at home and the children must have e back from school by now，so I 5._ (knock) at the door.Therewas no
29、 answer.I 6._ (continue) knocking at thedoor for some time.I 7._ (get) angry.Then I remembered something the office boy 8._ (tell) me at noon.He said that my wife 9._ (phone) saying that she 10._ (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.It seemed that nothing 11._ (can do) and I 12._ (shut)
30、out of my house.语篇填空2Last summer，I _( go) to Dalian with my family.Dalian_ (be) a very beautiful and modern city.On the bus，we _(can) see all kinds of buildings which were great. First we _(take) the bus to the Sea Park.There _(be) so many different kinds of fishes that I couldnt believe my eyes.We
31、also _(see) the show of dolphins.Then we had lunch in a restaurant.The seafood which was very famous in China _(be) delicious.After lunch we _(go) swimming.The sea was blue and the beach was gloden.We all _(enjoy) ourselves in the sea.We also _(go) to some places which were interesting and famous in
32、 Dalian，went shopping and so on.We had a happy day. I like this trip.I hope I can go there once more when I have free time.语篇填空3Barack Obama，the son of a black man from Kenya and a white American woman，_ (bear) in Honolulu，Hawaii on August 4th,1961，lives in Chicago.Married in 1992，he _ (have) two da
33、ughters.In 1983，he _(graduate) from Columbia University and in 1988，he _ ( admit)d into Harvard Law School，where he _(gain) his doctors degree in 1991.After graduation he _(work) as a lawyer，lecturer and then _(begin) his political career.On November 4,2008，Barack Obama _ (defeat) John McCain in the
34、 general election and _(bee) the first African American President of the United States.Barack Obama，the son of a black man from Kenya and a white American woman，_ (bear) in Honolulu，Hawaii on August 4th,1961，lives in Chicago.Married in 1992，he _ (have) two daughters.In 1983，he _(graduate) from Colum
35、bia University and in 1988，he _ ( admit)d into Harvard Law School，where he _(gain) his doctors degree in 1991.After graduation he _(work) as a lawyer，lecturer and then _(begin) his political career.On November 4,2008，Barack Obama _ (defeat) John McCain in the general election and _(bee) the first Af
36、rican American President of the United States._ (begin) to have his breakfast. I _ (take) to the table and _ (make) to sit on the table. Peter was such a messy boy that he _ (get) bits of food all over me. Peter must have woken up in a bad mood because when he _ (ask) to get dressed, he _ (shout) at
37、 his mother and then hit me. I was angry and hissed at him. I _ (hit) by Peter again and again. Luckily he _ (go) to school and I _ (leave) at home but I _ (had) a peaceful time. When Peter _ (get) home he was much happier and was very nice to me. I hope I _ (treat) as nicely as now in the future.It
38、 was getting dark when I 1._ (get) home.It was cold and I 2._ (wear) a coat.I walked up to the door and put my land into my pocket to take out the key，but I couldnt it find it.I suddenly remembered that I 3._ (leave) it on my desk in the office.It really didnt make any difference.I knew my wife 4._
39、(be) at home and the children must have e back from school by now，so I 5._ (knock) at the door.Therewas no answer.I 6._ (continue) knocking at thedoor for some time.I 7._ (get) angry.Then I remembered something the office boy 8._ (tell) me at noon.He said that my wife 9._ (phone) saying that she 10.
40、_ (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.It seemed that nothing 11._ (can do) and I 12._ (shut) out of my house.1. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows what_ (do) with it.2. The research is so designed that once_begin nothing can be done to change it.3. The
41、teacher asked us_ (not make) so much noise.4.(give) time, hell make a first-class tennis player.5. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief _( catch).6. Generally speaking, when _(take) according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.7. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had
42、 been ordered_(issue) clear warnings before firing any shots.8. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need_(improve).10. The manager,_(know) his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.11. The man we follow
43、ed suddenly stopped and looked as if _(see) whether he was going in the right direction.12. Dont be discouraged. _(take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.13. Friendship is like money: easier made than _(keep). 14. _ (The president attend) the meeting himself gave them a g
44、reat deal of encouragement.15. Unless_(invite) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.16. Site will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_(play) in making the earth a better place to live.17._(plete)the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. 19.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining pany, _(know) as 3M. 20.Reading is an e*perience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures_(form) in your mind instead of before your e. z.
