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1、美国名人歌手音乐教师托德邓肯ToddDuncan,1903-1998:HeOpenedDoorsforOtherBlackClassicalSingersplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-17:15repeatByJeriIynWatson2010-3-6ToddDuncanSHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:ImShirleyGriffith.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:AndmRichKleinfeldtwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPEOP1.EINAMERICA.TodaywetellthestoryofToddDuncan-ac
2、oncertsingerandmusicteacher.Heisthemanwhobrokeamajorcolorbarrierforblacksingersofclassicalmusic.(MUSIC)SHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:Itisnineteen-forty-five.TheplaceisNewYorkCity.TheNewYorkCityOperaCompanyjustfinishedperformingtheItalianoperaPagliacci.ToddDuncanisonthestage.HehadjustbecomethefirstAfricanAmerican
3、mantosingwiththisimportantAmericanoperacompany.Noonewassurehowhewouldbereceived.ButthepeopleinthetheaterofferedIoudzwarmapprovalofhisperformance.Duncandidnotsingapartwrittenforablackman.Instead,heplayedaparttraditionallysungbyawhiteman.AlltheothersingersintheNewYorkCityOperaCompanyproductionwerewhit
4、e.HishistoricperformancetookplacetenyearsbeforeblacksingerMarianAndersonperformedattheMetropolitanOperainNewYork.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:ToddDuncanopeneddoorsforotherblackmusicianswhenheappearedinPagliacci.Untilthatnight,blacksingersofclassicalmusichadalmostnochanceofperforminginmajorAmericanoperahousesand
5、theaters.ManyAfricanAmericanclassicalsingersoftodaysaytheystilldonothaveanequalchancetoperform.ButToddDuncanbeganamajorchangeinclassicalmusicalperformanceintheUnitedStates.SHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:TbddDuncanlivedaverylonglife.Hewasninety-fiveyearsoldwhenhediedinMarch,nineteen-ninety-eightinWashington,D.C.He
6、taughtsinginguntiltheendofhislife.RobertToddDuncanwasborninnineteen-oh-threeinthesoutherncityofDanvillezKentucky.Hismother,NettieCooperDuncanzwashisfirstmusicteacher.Asayoungadult,hecontinuedhismusicstudiesinIndianapoliszIndiana.Heattendedbothauniversityandaspecialmusiccollegeinthismiddlewesterncity
7、.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:Innineteen-thirty,hecompletedmoremusicaleducationatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.ThenhemovedtoWashington.Forfifteenyears,hetaughtmusicatHowardUniversityinWashington.AfricanAmericanshadgainedworldwidefamefortheirworkinpopularmusic-especiallyforcreatingjazz.Butnotmanyblackmusicians
8、wereknownforwritingorperformingclassicalmusic.TeachingatHowardgaveDuncanthechancetosharehisknowledgeofclassicalEuropeanmusicwithamainlyblackstudentpopulation.Hetaughtspecialwaystopresentthemusic.ThesespecialwaysbecameknownastheDuncanTechnique.HereToddDuncansingsOTixo,Tixo,HelpMefromtheopera1.ostinth
9、eStarscomposedbyKurtWeill.(MUSIC)SHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:Inadditiontoteaching,Duncansanginseveraloperaswithperformerswhoallwereblack.Butitseemedhealwayswouldbeknownmainlyasaconcertartist.Duncansangatleastfive-thousandconcertsinfiftycountriesduringtwenty-fiveyearsasaperformer.Howevehislifetookadifferentturn
10、inthemiddlenineteen-thirties.Atthattime,thefamousAmericanmusicwriterGeorgeGershwinwaslookingforsomeonetoplayaleadingpartinhisnewwork,PorgyandBess.Gershwinhadheardone-hundredbaritonesattemptthepart.Hedidnotwantanyofthem.Then,themusiccriticoftheNewYorkTimesnewspapersuggestedToddDuncan.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT
11、:Duncanalmostdecidednottotryforthepart.Buthechangedhismind.HesangapiecefromanItalianoperaforGershwin.HehadsungonlyafewminuteswhenGershwinofferedhimthepart.ButDuncanwasnotsurethatplayingPorgywouldberightforhim.Yearslater;headmittedthathehadnoideathatGeorgeGershwinwassuchasuccessfulcomposer.And,hethou
12、ghtGershwinwroteonlypopularmusic.Duncanalmostalwayshadsungclassicalworks,bycomposerssuchasBrahmsandSchumann.ToddDuncansaidhewouldhavetohearPorgyandBess.Hedid.ThenheacceptedthepartofPorgy.ButhesaidhefounditdifficulttoperformbecausePorgyhasabadlegandcannotwalk.Hespendsmostoftheoperaonhisknees.Duncanus
13、edhisspecialmethodstogetenoughbreathtoproducebeautifulsound.Hewasabletodothiseveninthedifficultpositionsdemandedbythepart.HereTbddDuncansingsPorgys1.amentfromtheGershwinopera,PorgyandBess.(MUSIC)SHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:ToddDuncansangintheopeningproductionofPorgyandBessinnineteenthirty-five.Thenheappearedag
14、ainasPorgyinnineteen-thirty-sevenandnineteen-forty-two.Heoftencommentedonthefactthathewasbestknownforapartheplayedforonlythreeyears.HisfameasPorgyhelpedhimgetthepartinPagliacciwiththeNewYorkCityOperaCompany.Healsosangotherpartswiththeoperacompany.Earlier,youheardhimsingasongfromoneoftheoperasheenjoy
15、edmost.ThepartwasthatofStephenKhumaloin1.ostintheStars.ItwasamusicalversionofthefamousnovelaboutAfrica,CryztheBelovedCountrybyAlanPaton.AmericanwriterMaxwellAndersonwrotethewordsforthemusicbyGermancomposerKurtWeill.1.istenasToddDuncansingsthetitlesongfrom1.ostintheStars.(MUSIC)RICHK1.日NFE1.DT:TbddDu
16、ncangainedfameasanoperasingerandconcertartist.Buthisgreatestloveinmusicwasteaching.WhenhestoppedteachingatHoward,hecontinuedgivingsinginglessonsinhisWashingtonhomeuntiltheweekbeforehisdeath.Hetaughthundredsofstudentsovertheyears.SomemusicianssaytheyalwayscanrecognizestudentsofToddDuncan.Theysaypeopl
17、ehetaughtdemonstratehisspecialmethodsofsinging.SHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:DonaldBoothmanisasingerandsingingteacherfromtheeasternstateofMassachusetts.HebeganstudyingwithToddDuncaninthenineteen-fifties.Boothmanwastwenty-twoyearsoldatthetime.HewasamemberoftheofficialsinginggroupoftheUnitedStatesAirForce.Hehadstu
18、diedmusicincollege.ButhestudiedwithDuncantoimprovehissinging.BoothmancontinuedweeklylessonswithDuncanforthirteenyears.Afterthat,hewouldreturntoDuncaneachtimeheacceptedanewmusicalproject.HesaysheconsideredDuncanhisteacherforalifetime.Manyotherstudentssaytheyfeltthatway,too.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:TbddDuncan
19、wasproudofhisstudents.Hewasproudofhisperformancesofclassicalmusic.And,hewasproudofbeingthefirstAfrican-Americantobreakthecolorbarrierinamajoroperahouse.HenotedinaV-O-AbroadcastinNineteen-NinetythatblacksaresinginginoperahousesalloverAmerica.Iamhappy,hesaid,thatIwasthefirstonetoopenthedoor-toleteveryoneknowwecouldalldoit.(MUSIC:Oh,1.ord,ImonMyWayfromPorgyandBess)SHIR1.EYGRIFFITH:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyJerilynWatsonandproducedby1.awanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.RICHK1.EINFE1.DT:AndmRichKleinfeldt.1.istenagainnextweekforanotherPEOP1.EINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
