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1、美国名人国际特殊奥运会组织的创始人尤尼斯肯尼迪施莱佛EuniceKennedyShriver,1921-2009:SheChangedtheWorldforPeopleWithMentalDisabilitiesplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:24repeatByDanaDemange2009-8-22VOICEONE:mFaith1.apidus.VOICETWO:EuniceKennedyShriverAndmBobDoughtywithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutEuniceKenne
2、dyShriver.ShewasamemberofoneofthemostfamousfamiliesinAmericanpolitics.Sheusedherinfluencetomakeadifferenceinthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Thoughsheneverranforoffice,shespentherlifeenergeticallyworkingtoimprovethelivesofpeoplewithdevelopmentalproblems.EuniceShriverwasbestknownforcreatingtheSpecialOlympi
3、cs,anathleticeventforpeoplewithmentaldisabilities.Hereffortschangedthewaytheworldthinksaboutthementallydisabled.EUNICESHRIVER:Youarethestarsandtheworldiswatchingyou.Byyourpresence,yousendamessagetoeveryvillage,everycity,everynation.Amessageofhope,amessageofvictory.Therighttoplayonanyplayingfield.You
4、haveearnedit.Therighttostudyinanyschool.Youhaveearnedit.Therighttoholdajob?Youhaveearnedit.Therighttobeanyonesneighbor.Youhaveearnedit.VOICEONE:ThatwasEuniceKennedyShriverspeakingatthenineteeneighty-sevenSpecialOlympicsgamesinSouthBend,Indiana.Shewasathinandenergeticwomanwithahugesmileandgreatspirit
5、.Mrs.Shriverofficiallybecameinvolvedinhelpingpeoplewithdevelopmentalproblemswhenshebecametheexecutivevice-presidentofafamilyorganizationinnineteenfifty-seven.TheJosephP.KennedyJuniorFoundationwascreatedinnineteenforty-sixtohonorheroldestbrother,whodiedfightinginWorldWarTwo.Underherguidance,thefounda
6、tionturneditsattentiontostudyingthecausesofmentaldisabilities.ltalsosoughttoimprovethewaysocietytreatspeoplewithsuchdisabilities.ThefoundationalsostartedcentersforthestudyofmedicalethicsatHarvardUniversityandGeorgetownUniversity.VOICETWO:EuniceShriverandherfamilyhadapersonalreasontobeinterestedinthi
7、sissue.Heroldersister,RosemaryKennedy,wasbornmentallyretarded.AsRosemarygrewolder,shebecameincreasinglydifficulttolivewithandsupervise.Whenshewasinhertwenties,herfatherarrangedforhertohaveanoperationonherbraintoimprovehermentalcondition.Buttheoperationlefthercompletelydisabled.Herfamilylatersenthert
8、oacarecenterwheresheliveduntilherdeathintwothousandfive.VOICEONE:Inthepastzmentaldisabilitywasgenerallytreatedasashamefulandhopelessdisease.Manyfamiliessecretlysenttheirdisabledchildrentogrowupininstitutions.And,therewerealmostnocommunityactivities,resourcesorjobsforthementallydisabled.Theywereshuta
9、waywithlittlerespectandfewcivilrights.EuniceShriverchangedthis.Sheshowedtheworldthatthementallydisabledcouldbeusefulcitizensenjoyingrichlives.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:EuniceMaryKennedywasborninBrookline,Massachusettsinnineteentwenty-one.ShewasthefifthofninechildrenborntotheIrishCatholicfamilyofJosephandRoseK
10、ennedy.HergrandfatherwasJohnFitzgeraldwhoservedasmayorofBoston,Massachusettsandasalawmaker.Eunicesfatherwasawealthybusinessmanwithpowerfulconnections.TheKennedysraisedtheirchildrentobehighlyintelligentandhighlycompetitive.VOICEONE:EuniceKennedyShriveroncesaidthatherfathersadvicetohischildrenwastowin
11、.Hesaidthatcominginsecondorthirddidnotcount,butonehadtowin,win,win.MisterKennedyalsotoldhisfriendsthathissonswouldonedayrunforpresident.And,hewasright.PresidentJohnKennedyandEuniceKennedyShriverJohnF.Kennedybecamepresidentinnineteensixty-oneandserveduntilhismurdertwoyearslater.RobertKennedy,asenator
12、;ranforpresidentinnineteensixty-eightandwaskilledthatsameyear.EdwardKennedyneverwonthepresidency,butbecamealong-servingandimportantmemberoftheUnitedStatesSenate.VOICETWO:EuniceShriveralsocarriedonthefamilytraditionofpublicservice.Shegraduatedinnineteenforty-threewithasociologydegreefromStanfordUnive
13、rsityinCalifornia.Sheworkedfordifferentorganizationsasasocialworkerbeforeworkingforherfamilysfoundation.Overtheyears,shealsoworkedforthepoliticalcampaignsofherbrothers,John,RobertandEdward.Innineteenfifty-three,shemarriedR.SargentShriver.Theyhadfivechildren:Robert,Maria,Timothy,MarkandAnthony.(MUSIC
14、)VOICEONE:UndertheadministrationofJohnF.Kennedy,EuniceShrivercontinuedherworkforherfoundation.Sheinfluencedherbrothertocreateacommitteetostudydevelopmentaldisabilities.ThiseffortledtothecreationoftheNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopmentattheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Innineteensixty-two,
15、Mrs.ShriverpublishedanimportantarticleintheSaturdayEveningPostcalledHopeforRetardedChildren.ShewroteopenlyabouthersisterRosemaryscondition.Foryears,thishadbeenacloselyguardedfamilysecret.EuniceShriverusedRosemaryasanexampleofhownottotreatpeoplewithdisabilities.Instead,shesaidpeoplewithmentaldisabili
16、tiesneededtobetreatedasusefulcitizensandgivenspecialeducationandtraining.Shesaidfamilymembersofdisabledpeoplehadfewresourcesforcommunitysupportormedicalhelp.Shegaveexamplesofparentswhostruggledtomakeabetterlifefortheirdisabledchildren.EUNICEKENNEDYSHRIVER:Thinkofthefamilies,thinkofthemotherswholovet
17、heirchildrenbutfeelsodesperatelyalone.Theirchildrenhavedonenothingwrong,committednocrimeandperpetuatednoinjustice.Theyaretheworldsmostinnocentvictims,andtheysufferonlybecausetheyaredifferent.VOICETWO:Mrs.Shriveralsoopenedasummercampthatwasfreeofcostformentallyretardedchildren.Theideaforitcamewhenamo
18、thertoldherthattherewerenosummercampswhereshecouldsendherdisabledchild.So,EuniceShriverdidsomethingaboutit.ShestartedCampShriveratherhomeinMarylandtogivedisabledchildrenafunsummerprogramfilledwithphysicalactivities.Non-disabledchildrenwerealsowelcometojointhecamp.Shemadesuretherewerealargenumberofwo
19、rkerstogivethenecessaryattentiontoallthekids.And,sheaskedstudentsfromprivateschoolstovolunteeratthecampashelpers.MizzShriverwasdirectlyinvolvedinallpartsofthecamp.Shewouldoftenswimandplayballwiththechildren.EUNICEKENNEDYSHRIVER:Dontkeepthemawayfromsomethingthatcanchangetheirlivesandgivethemanewvisio
20、nandgivetheirparentsanewvisionofthem,justbecausetheydontwantsomeoneinthecommunitytosay,oh,yourchildisspecial.VOICEONE:Innineteensixty-eight,EuniceShriverorganizedthefirstSpecialOlympicsinChicago,Illinois.EUNICEKENNEDYSHRIVER:InancientRome,thegladiatorswentintothearenawiththesewordsontheirlips:letmew
21、in,butifIcannotwin,letmebebraveintheattempt.Today,allofyouyoungathletesareinthearena.Manyofyouwillwin.Butevenmoreimportant,Iknowyouwillbebraveandbringcredittoyourparentsandtoyourcountry.1.etusbegintheOlympics,thankyou.Aboutonethousandcompetitorsfromtwenty-sixstatesandCanadatookpartintheevent.Theycom
22、petedinrunning,swimmingandhockey.Theideaofpermittingmentallydisabledpeopletocompeteinsportswasrevolutionaryatthetime.Before,peoplewithspecialneedswereoftenpreventedfromphysicalactivityoutofconcernthattheywouldhurtthemselvesorbeunabletocompete.Mrs.ShriversaidthattheSpecialOlympicsprovedaveryimportant
23、fact:thatexceptionalchildrenwithmentalretardationcanbeexceptionalathletes.Today,theSpecialOlympicshasgrowntoincludeaboutthreemillionathletesinmorethanonehundredfiftycountries.EUNICEKENNEDYSHRIVER:1.etusnotforgetthatwehavemilestogotooverturntheprejudiceandoppressionfacingtheworldsonehundredeightymill
24、ioncitizenswithintellectualdisabilities.VOICETWO:EuniceKennedyShrivercontinuedtoworkforthedisabledinotherways.ShecreatedanorganizationcalledCommunityforCaring.Itworkstoreduceteenagepregnanciesandeducatestudentsaboutcreatingcaringandrespectfulcommunities.Mrs.Shriverreceivedmanyawardsforherwork.Thesei
25、ncludetheFrench1.egionofHonorandthePresidentialMedalofFreedom,Americashighestcivilianhonor.Familymembers,includingdaughterMariaShriverandherhusband,CaliforniaGovernorArnoldSchwarzenegger,rearcenterEuniceKennedyShriverdiedinAugustoftwothousandnineafteraseriesofstrokes.Herdaughtershusband,CaliforniaGo
26、vernorArnoldSchwarzenegger,saidthatshewasthelightofthefamily.Andhesaidherpioneeringworkforsocialandscientificimprovementschangedthelivesofmillionsofdevelopmentallydisabledpeopleallovertheworld.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyDanaDemange.Fortranscripts,MP3sandpodcastsofourshows,.mFaith1.apidus.VOICETWO:AndmBobDoughty.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.
