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1、美国名人摄影师黛安娜阿勃丝DianeArbus,1923-1971:ARevolutionaryPhotographerofUnusualPeopleplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:11repeatByDanaDemange2009-8-8VOICEONE:mFaith1.apidus.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellaboutDianeArbus,arevolutionarymodernphotographer.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Dia
2、neArbusphotoofaJewishgiantathomewithhisparentsintheBronx,N.Y.DianeArbusisknownforcreatingintenseblackandwhitephotographsofveryunusualpeople.Sheusedaspecialcamerathatproducedsquareshapedimages.Oftenhersubjectslooksad,conflictedorphysicallyabnormal.Buttheydonottrytohidetheirinsecurities.Theyopenlystar
3、eatthecamera.OneartexpertsaidDianeArbusturnedphotographyinsideout.Insteadoflookingathersubjects,shemadethemlookather.Arbuslearnedtomixtherealisticnatureofphotographywithitsexpressivepossibilities.Sheexploredhowpeoplelivewithsamenessanddifferenceaswellasacceptanceandrejection.Thesecombinationscreated
4、veryinterestingartthatwasoftendisputed.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:DianeArbuswasborninnineteentwenty-threetoawealthyfamilyinNewYorkCity.HerfatherDavidNemeroownedalargeclothingstoreinacostlyareanearFifthAvenue.HerparentscollectedartandwerepartofthehighsocietyofNewYork.ThefamilytraveledoftentoEurope.Theyhelpedthe
5、irchildrenexpresstheirartisticgoals.Dianesbrotherwasthefamouspoet,HowardNemerov.Hersisterbecameasculptor.Afterfinishinghighschoolattheageofeighteen,DianemarriedAllanArbus.MisterArbusworkedintheadvertisingdepartmentofherfathersstore.VOICEONE:ItwasMisterArbuswhogaveDianeherfirstcamera.Dianesoondecided
6、totakeaclasswiththefamousphotographerBereniceAbbott.TheArbuseseventuallystartedtakingphotographsofclothing.TheseimageswereusedasadvertisementsforDianesfathersstore.Afterthebirthoftheirdaughter,DoonztheArbusesstartedabusinesstogether.Theirpurposewastophotographclothingfashions.DianeArbuswasthestylist
7、.Shewouldpreparethehairandfacesofthefashionmodelswhoworetheclothingbeingphotographed.AllanArbustookthepictures.VOICETWO:ThecouplesoonhadjobsfromimportantfashionmagazinessuchasVogueandHarpersBazaar.Theirworkwasverysuccessfulduringthenineteenfifties.Theybecamepartofagroupofartiststhatwerehelpingtorede
8、finevisualculture.Theywerebreakingwithpasttraditionstocreateanewlookforanewdecade,thesixties.VOICEONE:ButDianewasnotsatisfiedwithhersecondaryrole.Shewantedamoreactivepartinmakingphotographs.Shewantedtoexploreherownartisticexpressionandfreedom.Todothis,shestoppedworkingwithherhusband.Thenshestartedta
9、kingphotographyclassesattheNewSchoolinNewYorkCity.Arbusteacher,1.isetteModel,influencedherinmanyways.SheshowedDianehowtouseacameralikeanexpert.ShealsotaughtDianetouseherarttofaceherdoubtsandfears.MissModeloncesaidthatDianesoonstartednotlisteningtomebutsuddenlylisteningtoherself.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Diane
10、Arbuschosehersubjectsverycarefully.ShephotographedmanyofthesepeopleinornearNewYorkCity.Sheoftenchosetophotographunusualpeoplelivingontheedgeofacceptablesociety.Butsheshowedthecommonandrecognizablesideofsuchunusualpeople.Forexample,shetookpicturesofextremelyshortandextremelytallpeople.Shephotographed
11、mendressedaswomen,circusperformers,andevenpatientswithseverementallimitations.Sheoncesaid:Myfavoritethingistogowhereveneverbeen.VOICEONE:Oneofherfamousphotographswastakeninnineteensixty-six.Itisofayoungtransvestite.Atransvestiteisamanwhodressesandactslikeawoman.Thismaniswearingplasticobjectsinhishai
12、rtocurlandshapeit.Heisalsowearingmakeuponhisfacetomakeitlookmorelikeawoman.Thepictureistakenfromcloseupwithseverelightingeffects.InthedarkcentersofhiseyesyoucanseethelightfromArbuscamera.Youcanseeeverydetailandimperfectionofhispaleskin.Helooksdirectlyatyouasthoughhehasnothingtohide.Hislookisoneofint
13、erestandacceptance.VOICETWO:AnotherphotographlikethisiscalledMexicanDwarfinHisHotelRoominN.Y.C.Itwastakeninnineteenseventy.Here,Arbususessimilardramaticlighting.Sheshowsaclose-upviewoftheupperbodyandfaceofthisextremelysmallman.Helooksdirectlyatthecamerawiththesuggestionofasmile.Youcanseeallthelineso
14、nhissmallshortfingers.Thehaironhischestandfaceseemsveryclose.Youcanalmostsmellthealcoholonthetablebesidehim.Youcanalmostfeelthesmoothclothsheetsonhisbed.Itisasthoughyouhaveenteredthepersonalworldofthissmallstranger.Theexpressionsofthesemenaresohonestthatitisalmostunpleasanttoobserve.DianeArbusexplor
15、edthistensioninherwork.Shecaughthersubjectsinpositionswheretheyshowthemselvescompletely.Theydonotseemafraidtoshowtheirimperfectionsandstrangeness.Theydonothidethepartsofthemselvesthatarenotbeautiful.Theyopenlyshowtheirbodiesandsouls.Seeingthepictures,yousometimesfeelyouareinterferingintheprivatelive
16、softhesestrangepeople.Youfeellikemaybeyouarenotsupposedtobelooking.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:SomeartcriticsbelieveDianeArbusphotographedsuchunusualpeopleasaresultofherbackground.Shegrewupinasafeandwealthyenvironment.Inphotographingthestrangeandimperfectpeopleinsociety,sherejectedherownsocialgroup.Sherevolteda
17、gainstherupbringingtoprovethatshewasartisticallyindependent.Shechosetoexploretheunusualsidesofsocietyinsteadofacceptingcommonsubjectstophotograph.DianeArbusphotoofidenticaltwinsArbusalsophotographedeverydaypeopleinawaythatmadethemlookveryunusual.Shewasabletotakethemostrecognizablepeopleandenvironmen
18、tsandmakethemseemstrange.Forexample,shetookpicturesofcouplesandfamiliesandevenoffemaletwins,sistersbornatthesametime.VOICETWO:OneofhermostfamousphotographsiscalledIdenticalTwins.Itwastakeninnineteensixty-seveninRoselle,NewJersey.Twolittlegirlstakeuptheentirecenterofthephotograph.Theirfacesandbodiesa
19、reexactlyalike.Theyarewearingthesamedarkdressesandwhitebandsintheirhair.Thegirlslookcalmlyatthecamerawithlarge,paleeyes.Althoughtheyareyoung,theylookverywise,liketheyareintenselittleadults.VOICEONE:ThisimageofthetwinsbecamethecoverofanimportantbookofphotographytitlednDianeArbus.Thebookwaspublishedin
20、nineteenseventy-two.Itbecameoneofthebest-sellingphotographybooksinhistory.ThephotographofthetwinswasalsopartofamajorexhibitionofArbusworkattheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitythatsameyear.Thisshowsetnewrecordsinattendancenumbers.Sadly,DianeArbusdidnotlivetoseethisshow.Shehadkilledherselftheyearbefore.S
21、hewasforty-eightyearsold.VOICETWO:ThephotographsofDianeArbusremainverypopularinAmerica.InMarchoftwothousandfive,theMetropolitanMuseuminNewYorkhadamajorexhibitofherwork.Themuseumcuratorsgatheredmanyofherimportantphotographsfortheshow.Theyalsoexhibitedmanylesswell-knownworks.Buttheyalsotriedtoshowthep
22、ersonalsideofthisfamouswoman.Theyshowedherletters,camerasandbooks.ThebookDianeArbusRevelationsdocumentsthisspecialexhibition.VOICEONE:DianeArbusoncesaid:Aphotographisasecretaboutasecret.Themoreittellsyouthelessyouknow.ThiscommenthelpsexplainwhatissopowerfulaboutDianeArbusswork.Thepeopleinherphotogra
23、phsshowthemselves,butagreatdealaboutthemremainshiddenaswell.Herimagesmakeyouaskwhatyoumightshowaboutyourself-andwhatyoumighttrytohide.VOICETWO:Today,DianeArbusimagesremainasfreshandintenseastheywerefortyyearsago.Expertssayherrevolutionarywayofcapturingpeopleonfilmhasproducedsomeofthemostimportantimagesintwentiethcenturyphotography.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyDanaDemange.mFaith1.apidus.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.
