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1、EXeCUtiVeSUmmgy-KeyFirdirgSFinancialfraudhasieasedanddiversifiedsignificantly,bothintermsofthevolumeoffraudoffencesandthemethodsdeployedtoperpetratethem.Today,financialfraudrepresentsapervasive,globalthreat.Understoodasanumbrellacategory,encompassingthoseactivitiesthataimattheprocurementofafinancial
2、gainthroughdeliberate,deceitfulactionsagainstindividualsandtotheirdetriment.frauddoesnotonlywreakmajorfinanciallossesOnindividualsandbusinesses,butalsounderminesdomesticandglobaleconomiesbyerodingtrustandweakeningtheintegrityoffinancialsystems.TheINTERPO1.GlobalFinancialFraudAssessmentconstitutesani
3、n-depthanalysisofINTERPO1.dataholdingsonoffencesandoffendersrelatedtofinancialfraud,whichasbeenperpetratedagainstindividualsand/orbusinesses,includingINTERPO1.Noticesand/orDiffusionslinkedtofinancialfraudoffences.Thekeyfindingsfromthisassessmentinclude：,Themostprevalenttypesoffinancialfraudattheglob
4、allevelareinvestmentfraud,advancepaymentfraud,romancefraudandbusinessemailmpromise; Financialfraudisincreasinglydependentoninformationandcommunicationtechnologies,whichbytheirnatureareglobalized,meaningthatfraudoperationsaretransnationalandoftentransntinenta; Finandalfraudismostoftenperpetratedbyane
5、tv/orkofco-oHeders,wherethedegreeoforganizationvariesfromhighlystructuredtolooselyorganizedcrimegroups; Crimeconvergencefrequentlyoccursaroundfinancialfraudwherecybercrimes-as-a-servcandmoney-laundering-as-aserviceareimportantinempoweringfraudsters,bothindividualoffendersandcrimegroups. Whilemodiope
6、randimaybeunderstood,lessisknownaboutfraudoffendersandhowfraudisorganized.andthereisanurgentneedtostrengthendatacollectionandanalysisonfinancialfraudinordertodevelopmoreinformedandeffectivecounterstrategies.Financialfraudisapredatorycrimewhichisperpetratedinanonymityandacrossborders.INTERPO1.remains
7、engagedtosupportmembercountriesintheglobalfightagainstfinancialfraud,fromdatacollectionandcrimeanalysistooperationalsupport.ThefindingsinthisreportarepartofanofanongoinganalyticalinitiativetoassesscurrentandemergingcrimethreatsinordertopfoducetheINTERPO1.GlobalCnmeThreatAssessment.WhtChwillbeavailab
8、letolawenforcementnINTERPO1.memtjrcountriesinNovember2024.Offendersaremakinguseofemergingtechnology,particularlyArtificialIntelligence(AI)sucasdeeplakes.IodeceivetherViClimSandconcealtheiridentities;,InformationsuggeststhattheUSeofscamcentresorcompoundsareincreasinglyprevalent,includingthosewhichdep
9、endonhumanIrafIiCkingforforcedcriminalitywiththistrenddetectedinSoutheastAsia,West,EastandSouthernAfrica.EasternEuropeand1.atinAmerica;AmongthemanymodiOperandiwhichareusedtoperpetratefinancialfraud,INTERPO1.hasdetectedthatimpersonationfraud,investmentfraud,romancefraud,advance-paymentfraudandidentit
10、yfraudarethemostgloballypervasivethreats.RomancefraudAdvance-paymentfraudIdentityfraudOPERATIONNERVONEInJuly283,INTERPO1.anditspartnersUrgetedacriminalgroupbelievedtohavelaunchedover30SOPHISTICATEDSPEARPhiShmgcampaignsacross15countriesinAfrica,Asiaand1.atinAmerica,steelingpotentiallyosmuchasUSD30MI1
11、.1.IONfromfinancialinstitutionsandmobilebanking“rvk$sinc2019.Romancefraud0atypeoffraudperpetratedbycriminals,whodevelopaTGlationship-ottrustand/otintimacywithvictims,oftencommencingthroughsocialmedia,datingappsandmessagingplatforms.ThevictimsareultimatelymanipulatedbyIheoffender,oftenmultipletimes,v
12、/hoismotivatedbyfinancialgain,causingbothemotionalandfinancialharmtothevictim.Advance-paymentfraud,oneofthemostprevalentfraudtypes,involvesafinancialtransactionforfraudulentproductsorservices.Perpetratorsmayuseonlinecommercialwebsite,socialmediaplatforms,orothermeansforpromotingsalesofgoodsandservic
13、eswhdemandatsub-marketprices.Paymentisrequestedupfrontandpriortothereceptionofanyproductorservce.whichmayeitherbenon-existentOrsignificantlysub-standardfromhowtwasadvertised.Identityfraudreferstotheunauthorizedacquisitionanduseoometricdata,etc.)intendedforobtetk)nofanillicitfinancialgain.Identityfra
14、udsterscangainaccesstopersonalinformationthroughsocialengineering(suchasphishing,smishing.ViShing.spoofing,etc.),systemintrusion(viatheuseofmalv/areorhackingtechniques)andphysicaltheftIdentityfraudisthereforecomprisedoftwoelements:ontheonehand,anenabler,whichreferstothetechniqueemployedfortheacquisi
15、tionofpersonaldataintendedforth。ObgnuOnofanillicitfinancialgamand,onIheotherhand,theuseofthesedataforsuchpurposesHeTeaner.Ihe8jesmnodnwyfraudwilloonMthreatpoedbyphiogssWeI88other8eJarln0jtonMcriqs.Fraudsterscanperpetrateidentityfraudwithoutthedirectinvolvementofthevictim,whoseidentityhasbeenstolen.I
16、nadditiontostealingfunds,fraudstersoftensellcompromisedpersonalinformationononlinecriminalmarkets.Thispersonalinformationcanbefurtherexploitedbycriminalstocommitidentityfraud,revcbmizetargetsandfacilitatethedeceptivetechniquesusedotherfraudtypessuchasromancefraud.FinancialFraudandForcedCriminalityIN
17、TERPO1.researchandanalysisbroughttolightatrendinvolvinghumantraffickingforthepurposeofforcedonlinefraud.Thistrendreferstoamodusoperandiinvolving,ontheonehand.Victims（八）thosewhoaretraffickedandforcedtoconductonlinefraudinso-calledscamcallcentresorcompoundsand.ontheotherhand.Victims(B)-thosewhoaredelr
18、audedoflargesumso*moneybythetraffickedvictims.Intheframework0,OperabonSTORMMAKERSI&II,INTERPO1.SHumanTraffickingandSmugglingofMigrants(HTSM)Unitidentifiedlarge-scale.Cyber-enabledhumantraffickingoperationsperpetratedbyAsiancrimesyndicatesforthepurposeofforcedonlinefraudacrossseveralSoutheastAsiancou
19、ntriesZTERPCC。皿Seane11dHvrTratWccgtnS38EMA425OaxtMT22FMCVraCNTERPO1.torOrtCiUWOftlyINTERPCt.OMreSCefmandHmnTMiinSoUbE1Aeexe2-FromRegcoaltoGigTWeaiIPUB1.lCVesco06Mf2023NTERP(XQfoMicuwo11V.Whilstoriginally,traffickedindividualsweremostlyChinese-speakjngVtClims.asthtrendspread,bothrecruitmentanddefraud
20、ingstrategiesfurtherevolvedtoincludevictimsfromacrosstheworfF.OPERATIONSSTORMMAKERSIANDIlIn2022tduringOperationSTORMMAKERS,INTERPO1.EHTSMUnitstartedreeivingreportsoftraffickedvictimstrappedinsamcentresinSouthCastAsia.In2(n3.OperationSTORMMAKERSII1whhwasmedatidentifyinganddismantlingcriminalorganizat
21、ionsengagedinhumantraffickif9andsmugglingofmigrants4entailedunique(ousonthetrendofhumantraffickingforthpurposeofonlinefraudinSoutheastAsiaxndotherimpactedregions.Althoughitisimportanttonotethatnotallscamcentresdependontheuseofforcedcriminality,informationrecentlysharedbymembercountrieswithINTERPO1.s
22、uggeststhatscamcentresorcompoundsthatdoexploittraffickedvictimshavebeguntoemergeacrosstheglobe.In1.atinAmerica.INTERPO1.membercountrieshavereportedtheidentificationofasimilarmodusoperandiwereVictims（八）,whotypicallyoriginatefromtheregion,arerecruitedthroughfakejobadvertisements,sometimesinpublicspace
23、sOnceinthecompounds,theiridentitydocumentsaretakenandtheyareforcedtocommitonlinefinancialfraud,mostlyintheformofadvance-paymentfraud,telecom1raudandimpersonationfraud.Theseschemestendtoinvolverelativelysmallsumsofmoney(betweenUSD100andUSD500),buttheyarereplicatedonalarge-scalethroughsocialmediaplatf
24、ormsandonlinemarketplaces.Thefactthatsmallsumsareinvolvedoftendiscouragesvictimsfromreportingthefraud,whichpreventstheidentificationofthecriminalstructuresbehindthesefraudschemes.Furthermore,INTERPO1.hasbeennotifiedoftheexistenceofsimilarscamcentresinAfricancountries,targetingnotonlyindividualsandbu
25、sinessesintheAfricanregion,butalsoworldwide.RegardingEurope,andbasedoncasessharedWIlhINTERPO1.,scamcentreswerereportedlyactivesincethe2010sinEuropeancountriesamongothermembercountries.Ktoreover.andalthoughintelligencegapsremain,therearereportspointingattheexistenceofhumantrafficking-fuelledscamcentr
26、esinEasternEuropeanutries.whereIoCalgroupsarebelievedtobecollaboratingwithforeigncriminalorganizations.Inthesecases,Victims（八）arereportedlyfromtheMiddleEast.AsthismodusoperandicontinuestoexpandandtheprofilesofVictims（八）becomemorediversified,withvictimsfromAsia,Africaand1.atinAmericabeingheldinscamce
27、ntres,itishighlylikelythatthepooloftargetedVictims(B)willfurtherenlarge.Inaddition,theemergenceofAlgeneratedcontentwilllikelyincreasethereach,sophisticationandcapacityoffraudschemesconductedthroughtraf1icking-drivenscamcentres,resultingintheexpansionoffraudworldwide.HybridMethodsofFinancialFraud-The
28、EscalationofCryptoInvestmentFraudSince2022,INTERPO1.hasnotOnIyobservedanotableescalationincasesbutalsothegrowingcomplexityandsophisticationofonlinefinancialfrauds.Ontrend,whichissometimesknownas*pigbutcheringe.hasrapidlyemergedasamajorconcernforlawenforcementwithvictimsfromacrosstheglobelosingmillio
29、nstosavvyfinancialfraudsters.Thisfraudisahybridmethodthatcombineselementsofromancefraudandcryptoinvestmentfraudwherecriminalsmanipulatecryptocurrencytradesanddisplayinflatedprofitstomotivatevictimstoinvestmoremoneyinfraudulentschemes.Cryptoinvestmentfraudfrequentlycommencesasatypeofromancefraud,with
30、skilledfraudsterstargetingvictimsviasocialmediaplatforms,datingapplications,andoftenevensendingdirectmessagestophonenumbers.Thephenomenonofre-victimizationisarelevantaspectofthiscrimetype.Re-Viciimizationdoesnotonlyincreasethefinancialdamage,butitalsoaggravatesthepsychologicalandemotionaltraumaexper
31、iencedbythevictims.Thismodusoperandi,beyonditsimmediatefinancialimplications,posessignificantchallengesduetoitsinternationalscaleandtheutilizationofcryptocurrencs.PHASE2:RAISEVictimsrealizethescamafterthecriminalshavealreadydefraudedthemoftheirinvestments.Criminalstargetindividualsthroughdigitalplat
32、formstobuildtrustviaconstantcommunicationsandsocialengineeringJvtechniques.Criminalstacttullylurevictimsintoinvestinginseeminglylegitimateandprofitablecrypto-currencyVventures./PHASE3:S1.AUGHTERPHASE1:FINDThephasesofCryptoInvestmentFraud(Source:IGCR2023),RecentINTERPO1.researchdemonstratestheexpandi
33、nggeographicalfootprintofthistrend.ThereisevidencethatthetrendisincreasinglyspreadingbeyonditsoriginalhubinSoutheastAsiaandisbeingreplicatedinotherregionssucasAfricaand1.atinAmerica,wherecallcentressimilartotheonesinSoutheastAsiahaveemerged.INTERPO1.informationconfirmthatAsianorganizedcrimesyndicate
34、swererecruitingyouths,mainly9INTERPO1.pgyIeASriohfinancefraJmouOPeirXio(oCnmeAepcdtransitiontoanincreasinglydgtalizdeconomyINTERPO1.ICytwcmDi0Ctof0!e).AFJOC-AfrtcanJortQMrBmC0Q9iMCyMfCrtm92023,hps八VWi11Bk11%eCdmg8*CrcrgCrcnmecperai3115,AFJOC-AIhcan-Jort-Cpcr2on-3Qa11三t-Crcnr!Iaccenxd13Fetbe11trealAj
35、ew11e11lReport2023:CterthrelTEd%.Ma2029.(acce-ssed12FetstprevalenttrendsinAfrica,causingmajorfinanciallossesIorindividualsandbusinesses.ManyactorscarryingoutBECfraudhavebeenfoundobebasedinWestAfrica,buttheirvictimsareoftenbasedinotherjurisdictions.Thesecriminateoftenhaveconnectionswithlargercriminal
36、networksworldwide,wichallowthemtotargetlargenumbersofvictimsonaglobalscale.Onlinefraudsincludeawiderangeoffraudulentactivitiesinthedigitalsphere.AdVanCe-PaymenVnon-deliveryfrauds,ecommercefraud,romancefraud,techsupportfraudandCfyptocurrency(investment)fraudareamongthemostcommononlinefraudandtheyareb
37、ecomingincreasingJyprevalentintheAfricanregion.AlsoofconcernistheincreasinguseofhybridcryptoinvestmentfraudinAfrica.CasesofthisfraudtypehavebeenidentifiedInWestandSouthernAfricatargetingvcmsinotherjurisdictionsbeyondthecontinent.CaaSisbecominganincreasinglypopulartrendinAfrica.Ithasloweredtheentryba
38、rrierfornew.lesstechnology-savvycyber-iminals.andfacilitatescyber-criminalsmaliciousactivitiesbyenablingthemtocarryoutsophisticatedattackswithouttheneedforadvancedtechnicalskills.INTERPO1.informationsuggeststhatcertainWestAfricancriminalgroupscontinuetogrowmortransnationalandarewell-establishedincou
39、ntriesandregionsacrosstheglobe.TheseWestAlncanorganizedcrimegroups,whichareengagedinPOlycriminaIity.areknowntobeinvolvedinandhaveextensiveskillsinonlinefinancialfraudsuchasromancefraud,investmentfraud,advancefeefraud,andcryptocurrencyfraud.OPERATIONJACKA1.INTERPO1.SOperationJackal,launchedinMay2023.
40、targetedWestAfricancrimegroupsin21ntriesacrosstheworldresultinginover100ARRESTSTHEOPERATIONA1.SO1.EOTOTHEB1.OCKINGOFOVER200BANKACCOUNTS1.INKEDTOPROCEEDSOFON1.INEFINANCIA1.CRIME.AmericasInlinewithglobaltrends,onlinefinancialfrauds,manyexploitingincreaseddemandsIormedicalsuppliesandothervulnerabilitie
41、sheightenedbythepandemic,escalatedconsiderablyacrosstheAmericasregion,particularlytargetingprivatecitizenandbusinessesinNorthAmerica.The2022INTERPO1.GlobalCrimeTrendReportindicatedthatsomeofthmostcommontypesoffraudwereimpersonation,romance,techsupport,advancepaymentandtelecomfrauds,s.Businessesandtz
42、nsnIhtsregionhaveincurredhugefinanciallossesthroughonlinefinancialfraudThesethreatshavebeenreportedtoemanatemainlyfromAfricaandAsiawhereorganizedcrimegroupsliketheWeSlAfricancriminalconfraternitiesandAsiancrimesyndicatesoperaterespectively.Theriseinfinanciallossesthroughfinancialfraudalsoposesanincr
43、easedmoneylaunderingthreat.Humantrafficking-fuelledfraudtinuestobeagrowingcrimephenomenon.AnINTERPO1.-Coordinatedoperation.OperationTurquesaV,revealedthathundredsofvictimsweretraffickedoutoftheregionafterbeingluredviamessagingappsandsocialmediaplatformsandcoercedtocommitfraud,includinginvestmentsfraudsinboilerroomsrnbycrimesyndicatesinSoutheastAsia4.Thereisemergingevidencethat1.atinAmericancrimesyndicatesarealsoinvoedintheCOmmisSionoffinancialfraud,atrendthatpresumablytookoffmorevigorous
