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1、ThCgirIisa1.waysta1.kinga1.oudinPUb1.iC.这个女孩总是/K公众场合大声说话“表示位置传移的动词可用进行时代售将来时”这样的动词,fgo,come,s(a11.1.eave,amvc.begin,rcum等。m1.eavingforBeijingnextmonth.我下个月要去北京过去进行时(WasyWerC现在分词)过去进行时表示在过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。Uewasreadinganinteres1.ngbook(his1.imeycten1.ay.昨天这个时候他在读一本有超的书(3)将来进行时(WiWShim+be+现在分诃)表
2、示将来某时或某一时段正在进行的动作.常表示事情的正常发展.1.1.1.edoingsomehouseworktomorrowafternoon,明天下午我将要I：些家务活。3.将来时态(1)一般将来时TWiWSha1.1.+动词原形”表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，即单纯的将来K实。Isha1.1.ca1.1.youasSOOnasIarriVC.我到就给你打电话。ThCyi1.1.probab1.ygotoShanghaifortheirho1.iday.他们可能去上海咬假.一般将来时的常用结构 用于1expect.msure.1think.1wonder+宾谱从旬”中 用于“祈使句+and+
3、陈述句”中 与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用DontWOrtyabouttheexam.msureyou1.1.PaS$,不要担心这次考试，我确信你会通过的.Ifyouaskhim.hewi1.1.he1.pyou.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮助你的.表示一般将来时的特殊结构,begoing2d。Sth衣示计划、打。要做某事或者有颈兆要发生某小。beWdosth表示按计划或安排即将做某事.或者按照职费、义务、规定等要做某事.beaboIrttOdOSth表示即将发生某事.核站构遹常不与具体的时间状语连用.HeisgoingtospeakonTVthisevening.他今晚要在电视上讲话。1.ooka
4、IthedaffcCIOUdSJUsgoingtorain,看这些乌公，要下雨了.Whenareyoutokavc/1.cavingfurhome?你什么时候回家？ThCtrainisabouttoStar1.火车就要开心过去将来时(ShcUIdAVCU1.d+动词.原形)过去将来时是“立足过去，着眼未来”的一种时态，常用于宾语从句中。Hesaidhewou1.dbehereateightoc1.ock.他说他将在八点钟到这里“三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构,was，Weregoing1.(+动词原形-was/wcreto+动词原形inadditionto等时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保挣致.
5、Tbmaswe1.1.astwoofhisIricrx1.swasinvitedtohcPany.汤姆以及他的两个朋友一起被迩睛参加聚会了.(3)定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。MyfriendShoWCdmearoundthesma1.1.town,whichwasveryattractive.我的朋友带我参观这个小镇，它非常迷人.(4)Tnanyamorethanone+总数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数each,every,no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接,谓语动词仍用单数，Everyboyandeverygir1.wishestoattendthe
6、partytobehe1.donSUnday.每个男生和女生都看!参加即招在周日举办的聚会.2 .遨义一致原则意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是发数，主语的意义决定了调语动词的单史数。(I集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体.谓滑动时用单数：若被存作是集体中的每个成员.谓谙动利用复数形式。常见有:fami1.y,c1.ass,team,group,pub1.ic,commiuee*government,audience等。Thec1.assconsistsof25boysand20gir1.s.这个班由25个男生和20个女牛.组成。Thec1.assaredoinganCXPCnmCnt.全
7、班学生都在做实5全.(2广分数/百分数/themajorhy+of+名诃”作主语时，谓谪动词的垠0数取决于Of后名词的数以及其我示的意义；a1.1.some,ha1.f,most，herest等作主语时，谓语动词单友数取决于主语实际去达的意义，Aboutonethirdofthebooksarcworthrading.这代书中大约有1/3值得-读.the+形容词”表示一类人在句中作主谙时.谓谱动词用复数形式.Thesickhavebeencuredandthe1.osthavebeenfound.病人己被治愈，失踪的人也都找到了.(4)aquan由yof后接不可数名词时，调语动词用单数，后接可
8、数名词时，调语动词用双数.quamiIieSOf后无论接可数名词还是按不可数名诃,谓谙动词均用登数形式.Wiihmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.由于越来越多的森林被毁，林年有大信的沃土被冲走。(5ranumbCTof+女数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用发数形式，henumber”十女数名词”作主语时,谓语动利用单数形式.Thenumberofthestudentsfrom(henorthisSina1.1.来自北方的学生人数很少.(6)衣示时间、距离、H1.fi1.金额等复数
9、名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用总数形式。Thrccthousanddo1.1.arsisquitea1.otofmoneyforaboy.对于一个男孩来说，3000美元是一笔目。3 .就近一致原则就近一致原则指谓语动词的用狂教形式取决于离它地近的主语的单夏数，(1)由or.cither.or.neither.nor.noton1.y.but(a1.so.no1.bu1.等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主诺保持一致.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemce(ingthatisdueIomonrOW.要么是你或者你的一名学生将出席明天的会议。(
10、2)dthere,here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致.Therearethreebooksandapenonthedesk.臬子上有.本书和,支钢笔.单句语法坨空Often,on1.yasma1.1.partofamuseumsco1.1.ection(be)ondisp1.ay.IThiSiswhydecoratingWithp1.ants,f11i1.sandwcrs(cany)specia1.significance.Thisrea1.1.yexcitesSden1.iStS,Car1.ePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversi
11、ty,says,fcbecausvit(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon(construct).的堂练习I.单句语法填空1. I(do)myhomeworkwhensomeoneknockeda1.IhCdoor.2. ThCna1.1.Ry1.ccwas1.ookingforwardto(be)tobeab1.etoseeWaba,sappearance.3. Thetwins,who(finish)(heirhomework,werea1.1.owedtop1.aytxdminoninthep1.ayground.
12、4. Thesedams(construct)sode1.icate1.ythatthey1.ookmore1.ike(heworkofmanthanof1.itt1.edumbbeasts.5. However,api1.eofce1.1.sdoesxhave(hechewytextureofachickenbrcast.Cc1.1.swithoutasupport(be)more1.ikeasoup,oratbestameatba1.1.6. TherearemanydifferencesbetweenChinaandIndiawhenitcomestohowyoga(practise).
13、7. Andonweekends,she(teach)1.oca1.kidswhoneededextrahe1.pwiththeirschoo1.work.8. WhaiIregrenow(be)nothavingeverrea1.1.ydoneanythingforher.Isupposesheneverneededit.9. Asarcsu1.1.theirnumber(grow)IYumjus1.20pairs1.40pairsinthepast(woyears.10. Archaeo1.ogistsstartedanewexcavationatNo.1.Pitin2009.Thc2(X
14、)newwarriors(find)asaresu1.tofthisef1.ort.H.语法填空Mybestfrie1.Kaiyais1.ikene.SheI.(remind)meofmyse1.f.Inthepast.I2.(bc)ncvcrconfidentbecauseofmyappearance.Peop1.ea1.ways1.aughedatmyweight,myheight,myhairsty1.e,ctc.A(thattime.Iwas(heshorteststudentinmyc1.ass.Ista11cdgeningdepressed.However,someoneto1.d
15、meSOme1.hingthatiwi1.1.a1.waysremember.ItwasinMarch.Surroundcdbyagroupofgir1.swho3.(point)atmeand1.aughedatme.Icou1.dnthe1.pcrying.The1.eanro1.1.eddownnyface1.ikearushingriver.Tomysurprise,someoneIif1.edmyheadupandwiped(he(earsfrommyeyes.Ithenknewi(wasorEng1.ishteacher.Miss1.i.Shesaid9you4,(be)perfe
16、ctthewayyoua.Youshou1.dneverchangeorha1.eVourseI1.PeopIc5.(atCeP1.)youforwhoyou6.(be).Butifyoucannotacceptyoursc1.f,thenhowwi1.1.otherpeop1.eacceptyou?*,17.(inspire)byherwords.OvcrIhcpaMfewmonths.I8.(Icarn)thatnooneisperfectandthatwea1.)haveaws.NowIhavewonderfu1.friendswho9.(1.ove)11eforwhoIam.Now.s
17、eeingKaiyaCry,Idecideioce1.1.her(hesameti1.ingMiss1.i10.(Inordertopasstheexamheworkedhard.为了通过考试.他努力学习.TokeepIhcnuc1.vcsawake,theysatonthef1.oorandto1.deachnhcrStorieSinturn.byturn.为了不至于唾着,他们坐在地板上轮流存讲故M，(2)作结果状语。表示出乎意料的结果，经常与OnIy连用。Wchumcdtothestation.on1.ytbetn!dthatthetrainhadIef1.我们急匆匆赶到车站.结果被告知火
18、车已开走了。【名牌指津】不定式作结果状语时，通常表示出乎意料的结果，而现在分词表示自然而然的结果。Footba1.1.isp1.ayeda1.1.overthewor1.d.makingitthemostpopu1.arsport.世界各地的人们椰在踢足球.使足球成了最受欢迎的运动.(3度原因状语。形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可按不定式作原因状语.常见词有：happy,1.ucky,sorry,pud.disappointed,surprised.ready,de1.ighted,c1.ever,foo1.ish,p1.eased$.Wereproudtobeyoungpeop1.eofCh
19、ina作为中国青年我们感到自豪.3 .独立主格结构I)何成：Z词/代词+形容词/副词/介词版语/现在分词/过去分词坏定式(2侏点：独立主格结构的逻辑主谱与句子的主谱不同.它独立存在：独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名何或代诃与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主调或动真关系：它表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。TheWorkdo11(=AftertheWOrkhadbeendone),weWen1.home.Weatherpermitting(=1.weatherpermits),theywi1.1.goonanoutingtothebe
20、achtomorrow.Hewas1.yingonthegrass,hishandscrossedunderhisheaadtostudyfurtherabroad.她得到，次出国深造的机会。【名师指津】作定语的动词不定式中,如果其中的动词是不及物动词.不定式后面就要用必要的介词，Hcnrj,isaverynicepersontoworkWith.亨利是个很好共事的人C2 .动词一仙g形式作定语单个的动词一inu形式一般作前置定语，动词一ing短语一般作后置定语。表示用途的是动名词，说明名词的性质、特征.强调动作的是现在分词.as1.eepingCar(=acarfors1.eeping)as
21、1.eepingchi1.d(=achi1.dwhoiss1.eeping)1.hcboystandingthcrc(=thcboywhoisstandingthere)DOyouknowtheboyta1.kingwhoista1.king)totheteacher?3 .动词一ed形式作定语动词一ed形式作定语，分词与被饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动实关系。单个的动词一W形式一般作前置定谱,动词一Cd短语一般作后置定语.Thepo1.1.utedwatercauseddiseasesanddeath.(IsinghuaUniversity,foundedin1911,ishometoagreat
22、numberofoutstandingfigures.(名师指津】作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为doing和done.doing表示正在进行：done表示已经完成boi1.ingwater正在沸据的水boi1.edwater已经烧开的水单句语法坨空(DAgricuhurcgavepeop1.etheirfi11itexperienceofthepoweroftechno1.ogy(changc)1.ivcs.考点4非一语动词作宾语补足语I.带to的不定式(todo)作宾补的动词(短语)常见的有：ask.invite,te1.1.want,encourage,wish,expect,beg.re
23、quest,require,advise,order,force,cause,a1.1.ow,permit,forbid,warn,remind,1.each,send,ca1.1.on.WHi1.for.wou1.d1.ikdove/prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词,后用带I。的不定式作宾补，Theteacheraskedustofinishourhomework老师叫我们完成家庭作业。Thepi)icemanIo1.d(heboysnottop1.ayintheStrCCt.警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍“2.常见的接不带to的不定式作宾补的动词:fed:听：hear,1.istento，三
24、让：1.et.make,have四看:see,watch,notice.ObSCrVC半帮助：he1.psb(odo/dosth不定式作宾补表示某人做某事的全过程或某事发生的全过程，强调事物的发牛.和结束。Isawhim1.eaveafewninu1.esago.我看见他几分钟而离开了。3.动词一Ing形式作其补动词一ing形式作宾补，表示动作的过程，即动作正在进行，尚未结束，宾语与宾补之间是主动的遗耕主谓关系。hearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我听到行人在敲门.msorrytokeepyouHa1.tingora1.ongtime.Xj不起,让你久等了4.动词过去分词
25、形式作宾补希重动作完成，衣明动作的结果,它与宾语之间是被动的逻辑主调关系。Hcsawthethiefcaughtbythep。IiCe他行到那个W破？J察加起来f-Theteachermisedhisvoiceinordermakehimse1.fIward,那个老师提高声音以便让自己被听到。单句语法埴空Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftc1.ouds(surround)theTheyrepresen1.theearth(comebackIo1.ifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.Astudyoftra
26、ve1.ers(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshasoneofthe(op10destinationsinthewor1.d.VnessawasntIheon1.yone(get)inftntOfIheCrOwd.Michae1.Jordana1.sogaveamovingspeech.Jimhasretired,butheMi1.1.remembersthehappytime(spcnd)withhisstudents.mountain(ops,hewasreducedto(cars.Oncchismessagewasde1.ivered,
27、hea1.1.owedme(stayandwatch.IneedanewpasportsoIwi1.1.haveIohavemyphotographs(take).ThCysta11cdbui1.dingtheirhuts1.ateinthesummer,butdidnotgetthem(finish)beforetheear1.yfrosts.考点5非一诏动词作主语宾语和表语1 .动名词和不定式作主语能作主谱的非谓语动词自不定式和动名词.二者的区别是：(I)表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式：(2)表示比较抽象的般行为颈向的，多用动名词，(3)动名词作主语时通篇位于句首：不定式作主语时常HF句
28、末，用i作形式主语放在句首。Smokingisprohibited(禁止)here.(抽象)此处禁止吸烟。Itisnotverygoodforyou(osmokesoInUCh.(具体)抽烟那么多对你不好。【名师指津】(I)如果表语是不定式,主语也是不定式：发语是动名词，主语也是动名词.Toseeis(obe1.ieve.=SetIngisbe1.ieving.眼见为实。(2)常用动名词作主语的句型：nouseopewish：决心学会想希望refuse,afford,manage.拒绝忖起设法装pretend：offer,promise.主动答应选计划choose,p1.an：agreeask
29、/beg,he1.p同意请求梢一都ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.当我羟过时，她假装没看见我.(2)有些动词只能用动名词作宾语avoid,miss,de1.ay记忆口诀suggest,finish,practice避免错过少延期enjoy,imagine,resistadmit,deny.envyescape,risk.PanJons(and.keep,mind建议完成多练习喜欢想望禁不住承认否定与妒忌逃脱冒险其原谅忍受保持不在JeIwou1.dappreciateyourca1.1.ingbackthisafternoon.今天下午如果你能给我回电话,
30、我将非常感激。（3）卜列动词后接不定式和动名词,注意根据意思不同区别它们（Dfogcttodosth忘记要去做某事（此事未做）forgetdoingsh忘记做过某事（此事已做过说已发生）remembertodosth记得去做某”（未做）rcnembcrdoingsth记得做过某事（己做）StOPt。do停止（某件那）,目的是去做另一件小Stopdoing停止正在或经常做的事goO1.HOdo继续（去做9i外一件步情）goondoing维续（原先没有做完的小情）regrettodoMh对要做的事感到遗憾（遗憾地要去做某事）NgretC1.oingsth对过去做过的小或未做过的产超到后慨后悔做过或
31、未做过某我trytod努力、企图做trydoingi5试一试某种办法meantodo（人HT算,有意要meandoin以物）意味着Canthe1.p（to）dosth不能帮助做某事canthe1.pdoingSth情不自禁做某事3.不定式、动名词和分词作表语作我语用的非谓语动词有：不定式（todo）,动名词（doing）,和分词（done,doing）（1）不定式作表谱HerWiShwastobecomeanartist.（表示主i的具体内容/将来的动作）她的ISS钳是成为一位艺术家.ThemostimportantthingistoputtheoryintoPraaiCe.（表示将来的动作）
32、%bE.要的是要把理论应用到实践.（2）动名词作表谱动名词作表用，发示抽象概念.动名词作表语一般用来衣示”身份.职业等.大部分时候主语与犬语可以互换。MyjObisteaching.（TeaChjngismyjob.）我的工作是教书。教书是我的工作）SeCingisbe1.ieving.百闻不如一见/眼见为实.个性比较不定式动名词作表沿时的区别一般来说,表示比较抽孰的一股行为时多用动名词作表语:表示具体某次动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。ThCirjobisbui1.dinghouses.他f11的匚作是靛房子Ourtasknowistodeve1.opourCConOm).现在我们的任
33、芬是发展经济，(3)分词作表语使怎么样“情感类动词，如JiUrPriMSinterestexcitepuzz1.e,disappoint*astonishencourageinspire,shock,move等它们的现在分词和过去分词表示状态,是形容诃化的分诃.一Cd形容词修饰说明人.ing形在词修饰说明物.Tbenewswasastonishing.消息是令人吃惊的,Mycousinisveryinterestedinp1.ayingthepiano.我表妹对邦钢琴很感兴趣.总句语法填空Scientistshaverespondedbynodng(no(ha1.POPUId1.iOnSare
34、higherthantheyac1.ui1.1.yare.Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwccou1.dnthe1.pwonderinghow1.ongitwou1.dtaketoget(gct)thcrc.BUtsomestudentsdidntwant(wear)theuniform.Youmaydrink,smoke,beovcrucightandsti1.1.reduceyourriskof(die)ear1.ybyrunning.Isti1.1.remember(visit)afriendwho*d1.ivedhereforfive
35、ycanand(shock)whenI1.earntshehadn*1.cookedonceina1.1.thattime.FaMfOodisfu1.1.offatndsa1.t:by(et)morefastfoodpeop1.ewi1.1.ge(moresa1.tandfa(thanIheyneedin(heirdiet.Thisinc1.udeddigginguptheroad,(1.ay)thetrackand(henbui1.dingastrongroofoverthetop.Iwenttoaworkshopandgradua1.1.ygo(goodat(produce)thingsw
36、ithc1.ay.堂练习I.单句语法填空1. Butfortheihote1.iers,(hatsmumanddad,thesurveyfoundtheaveragecosttothemhasgoneupsharp1.y,and(hat(heyarcsacrificing1.uxuriesandho1.idays(1.ook)aftertheirbigkids*.2. Thehospita1.hasrecent1.yobainednewmedica1.equipment,(a1.1.ow)morepatientstobetreated.3oDrawingonacurvedsurfaceisqu
37、itedifTcrcntfromdoingsoonaf1.atpieceofpaper,Zhaosaid,(note)(hat(hepigments(颜料)cou1.dntbetoodrynortoowet.4. However,wcarrivedaround7j20p.m,on1.y(te1.1.)thatwcwenttothewrungp1.ace.5. Thisistheco1.ourfu1.waste(create)byaSwedishcitywithauniquerecyc1.ingsystem.6. Forgrocerystores,theysuggest(encourage)uh
38、。PPerS(obuymoreproducebyofferingsamp1.esoffruitandvegetab1.estoIhernupontheirentering(hestore!7. Peop1.eprobab1.ycookedIhcirfoodin1.argeputs,(use)twigs(树枝)torc11veit.8. hcwo1.ves1.iveinavasttropica1.savannainSouthAmerica(ca1.1.)theCorrado,whichboastsextraordinaryvarietiesofp1.anesandanima1.s.9. Scie
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