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1、IPA-task packet21：BGP对等体组实验二十一：BGP对等体组实验目标： 掌握BGP对等体组的配置方法实验TOP物理拓扑逻辑拓扑根本配置R1没有配置对等体组！hostname R1!interface Loopback0!interface Loopback10 ip ospf network point-to-point!interface Serial1/0!interface Serial1/1!interface Serial1/2!interface Serial1/3!router ospf 10 log-adjacency-changes network 10.10
2、.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 14.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 1234 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 15.1.1.5 remote-as 5 neighbor 20.20.20.20 remote-as 1234 neighbor 20.20.20.20 update-source Loopback10 nei
3、ghbor 20.20.20.20 route-reflector-client neighbor 20.20.20.20 next-hop-self neighbor 30.30.30.30 remote-as 1234 neighbor 30.30.30.30 update-source Loopback10 neighbor 30.30.30.30 route-reflector-client neighbor 30.30.30.30 next-hop-self neighbor 40.40.40.40 remote-as 1234 neighbor 40.40.40.40 update
4、-source Loopback10 neighbor 40.40.40.40 route-reflector-client neighbor 40.40.40.40 next-hop-self no auto-summary！R2！hostname R2!interface Loopback0!interface Loopback10 ip ospf network point-to-point!interface Serial1/0!router ospf 10 log-adjacency-changes network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network
5、20.20.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 1234 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 10.10.10.10 remote-as 1234 neighbor 10.10.10.10 update-source Loopback10 no auto-summary！R3！hostname R3!interface Loopback0!interface Loopback10 ip ospf network point-to-point!interface Serial1/0!router
6、ospf 10 log-adjacency-changes network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 30.30.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 1234 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 10.10.10.10 remote-as 1234 neighbor 10.10.10.10 update-source Loopback10 no auto-summary！R4！hostname R4!interface Loopback0!interfa
7、ce Loopback10 ip ospf network point-to-point!interface Serial1/0!router ospf 10 log-adjacency-changes network 14.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 40.40.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 1234 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 10.10.10.10 remote-as 1234 neighbor 10.10.10.10 update-sour
8、ce Loopback10 no auto-summary！R5！hostname R5!interface Loopback0!interface Serial1/0!router bgp 5 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 15.1.1.1 remote-as 1234 no auto-summary!根本配置完成后，用ping命令检测所有路由器的lo0接口能否相互ping通。BGP对等体组在BGP的实现中会出现很大很复杂的配置，如果很多邻居的更新策略一样,可以将更新策略一样的邻居划分到一个对等体组中，以简化配置。此
9、外，配置了对等体组的路由器只需咨询一次策略数据库，创建一条更新信息，然后拷贝多个分发给所有对等体组成员，提高了更新效率，节省了CPU的资源消耗。本实验把R1-R4放到了路由反射器的应用环境中，其中R1是RR；R2，R3，R4是反射器的客户端。如果在RR上配置对等体组，可以减小反射器和客户的收敛时间，使其整网收敛性能改变。总结：配置对等体组的好处1 简化配置，增强可读性2 提高更新效率，节省CPU消耗配置步骤1步 ：创建对等体组名称 使用命令 neighbor peer-group-name peer-grouppeer-group-name 具有本地意义，本实验名称为 2-42步 ：给对等体组
10、定义参数 使用命令 neighbor peer-group-name 本实验定义了4个一样的参数1)指定一样ibgp邻居2)更新源3)路由反射器4)指定下一跳3步 ：将具有共同特性的邻居放入对等体组中使用命令 neighbor ip address peer-group peer-group-nameR1 BGP配置使用对等体组！router bgp 1234 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 2-4 peer-group neighbor 2-4 remote-as 1234 neighbor 2-4 update-so
11、urce Loopback10 neighbor 2-4 route-reflector-client neighbor 2-4 next-hop-self neighbor 20.20.20.20 peer-group 2-4 neighbor 30.30.30.30 peer-group 2-4 neighbor 40.40.40.40 peer-group 2-4 neighbor 15.1.1.5 remote-as 5 no auto-summary！从配置结果可以看到在对等体数量不多，与应用策略少的情况下，配置并没有太多简化。通过show ip bgp peer-grouppeer
12、-group name可以观察BGP对等体相应的信息。通过clear ip bgp peer-grouppeer-group name可以重启对等体组邻居会话做好了对等体组策略后，如果再为单个对等体组成员定义路由策略，会有什么效果1在R1上指定单个对等体出站的路由策略R1(config-router)#neighbor 20.20.20.20 distribute-list 10 out% Invalid mand for a peer-group memberR1(config-router)#neighbor 20.20.20.20 prefix-list 10 out % Invalid
13、 mand for a peer-group memberR1(config-router)#neighbor 20.20.20.20 filter-list 10 out % Invalid mand for a peer-group member发现这些命令为无效,由此可以得出：不可以为单个对等体组成员定义出站路由策略，路由策略中包括distribute-list ，prefix-list，filter-list等2在R1上指定单个对等体入站的路由策略R1(config)# access-list 10 deny anyR1(config)#router bgp 1234R1(config
14、-router)#neighbor 20.20.20.20 distribute-list 10 inR1#clea ip bgp * sR1#sho ip bgpStatus codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S StaleOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - inplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path发现命令可以生效，R1的BGP表中已经过滤了来自R2的所有信息。
15、可以对单个对等体成员定义入站的路由策略验证了distribute-list3如果对整个对等体组定义的入站路由策略和对单个对等体组成员定义的入站路由策略同时存在？继续上面的配置来做：R1(config)#router bgp 1234R1(config-router)#no neighbor 20.20.20.20 distribute-list 10 inR1(config-router)#neighbor 2-4 distribute-list 10 inR1#clea ip bgp * sR1#show ip bgpStatus codes: s suppressed, d damped,
16、 h history, * valid, best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S StaleOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - inplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path从BGP表中可以看到，对整个对等体组定义的入站路由策略已经生效R1(config)#router bgp 1234R1(config-router)#neighbor 20.20.20.20 distribute-list 20 inR1#clea ip bgp * sR1#show ip bgpStatus codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S StaleOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - inplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path结论：对单个对等体组成员定义的入站路由策略优先于对整个对等体组定义的入站路由策略BGP Peer Groups
