HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1.doc

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1、wordPart1: Identify andevaluatetherole ofbusinessinformationindecision-making.Question1:StrategicManagementStrategicmanagementisresponsibleformakingdecisionsthataffectwholepany.Thesedecisionsaregenerallyvery plexandunstructured.Theymakelong-termdecisions.Internal:Themarkettrends. Ifthepanycanobserve

2、theindex,itwillunderstandtheneedsofthepany,soastodecideitwillproducetheproductstogainmoreprofit.External:thestaffingneeds. Ifthempanycanimproveemployeebenefits,increasetheirrewards,itwillmakeemployeeshavemorepower.TacticalManagementTacticalmanagersarethemiddlemanagement.Theymakemedium-termdecisions

3、a忏ectingbudgets,monitoring operations,developing policies,obtainingresources.Tacticalmanagersdeveloptacticstoachievetheoverallstrategicaimsandobjectivessetbythestrategicmanager.Internal:Thebudgets.Ifthepanyhasabudgetprocess,itwillbe abletocontrolthebudgetandcontrolthepanyscashposition.Andtheenterpri

4、secapitalwillbeemoreflexible.External:Iftheenterprisehasthefixedsuppliers,itwillguaranteethequalityofenterpriseproductsandsave operatingtime,thusenhancestheenterprisethepetitiveabilityandincreasemoreprofits.OperationalManagementTheoperationalmanageristhefirstlinemanagerorsupervisor.Theyare12 / 14res

5、ponsiblefortheday-to-dayopera甘onsofthebusiness.Internal:Iftheenterprisesta仔attendancerecord eve叩day,itcanworkoutaplanforamoreperfectplanaccordingtotheinformation,sothatemployeesworkmoree仔iciently.External:The customerneeds.Iftheenterp川seunderstandcustomerneeds,itsproductstoattractcustomersandincreas

6、eine.Question2:Enterpriseresourceplanningisacross-functionalenterprisesystemdrivenby an integrated suiteof so仕ware modulesthat supports the basicinternalbusinessprossesofampany.ERPgivesapanyanintegratedreal-time view of i怡core business processes such as production,orderprocessing,andinventorymanagem

7、ent,tiedtogetherbyERPapplicationssoftwareandamondatabasemaintainedbyadatabasemanagementsystem.ERPsystemstrackbusinessresources(suchascash,rawmaterials,andproductioncapacity)andthestatusofmitmentsmadebythebusiness(suchascustomerorders,purchaseorders,andemployeepayroll),nomatterwhichdepartment(manufac

8、turing,purchasing,sales,accounting,andsoon)hasenteredthedataintothesystem.ERPfacilitatesinformationf10wbetweenallbusinessfunctionsinsidetheorganization,andmanagesconnectionstooutsidestakeholders.(Wikipedia,2013)Thisinformationsystemwouldsupportdecision-makingatstrategiclevels. ERPprovidessupporttoup

9、perlevelmanagementtoprovidethemwithcriticaldecisionmakinginformation.Thisdecisionsupportallowstheupperlevelmanagementtomakemanagerialchoicesthatenhancethebusinessdowntheroad. ERPalsocreatesamoreagilempanythatbetteradaptstochange.ERPmakesapanymoref1exibleandless时gidlystructuredsoorganizationponents o

10、perate morecohesively,enhancingthebusiness-斗nternallyandexterna11y. ERPcangreatlyimprovethe qualityandefficiencyofabusiness.By keepingapanysinternalbusinessprocessrunningsmoothly,ERPcanleadtobetteroutputsthatbenefitthepanysuchascustomerservice,andmanufacturing.Customerrelationshipmanagementisamodelf

11、ormanagingapanysinteractionswithcurrentandfuturecustomers.Itinvolvesusingtechnologytoorganize,automate,andsynchronizesales,marketing,customerservice,andtechnicalsuppo凡(Wikipedia,2013)Thisinformationsystemwouldsupportdecision-makingatoperationallevels. AccesscontroliscrucialfortheSCMtool.Ontheonehand

12、,sincethisisteamdevelopment,mayneedto limitcertain membersofthe authority;Thesub-project oftheespecially bigprojectstendtobeinvolvedinoutsourcing,attheendofthealignmentstagewillinvolvealotofdifferentunits,needmorerightsmanagement.Accesscontrol,ontheotherhand,also reducedthe possibility ofwrong opera

13、tion,indirect improve theavailabilityoftheSCMtool. SCMtoolsrecordprogramsandfilesmodifiedtr司ectory,trackchangeinformation,makethesoftwaredevelopmentworkpletedinBaseline(Baseline)gradualwa弘avoidingtheuncontrolledsoftwaredevelopmentsituation,makedevelopmentstatusinorder.Supplychainmanagementisthemanag

14、ementoftheflowofgoods.Itincludesthemovementandstorageofrawmaterials,work-in-processinventory,andfinishedgoodsfrompointoforigintopointofconsumption.Interconnectedorinterlinkednetworks,channelsandnodebusinessesareinvolvedintheprovisionofproductsandservicesrequiredby endcustomersinasupplychain.Supplych

15、ainmanagementhasbeendefinedasthedesign,planning,execution,control,andmonito时ngofsupplychainactivitieswiththeobjectiveofcreatingnetvalue,buildingapetitiveinfrastructure,leveragingworldwidelogistics,synchronizing supply with demandand measuringperformanceglobally.(Wikipedia,2013)Thisinformationsystemw

16、ouldsupportdecision-makingatoperationa川evels.CRMisnotonlyoneinthefaceofcustomermarketingandservicedepartment,alsoisabusinessdepartmentscanshareinformationand resourcespla仔ormfortheautomationwork,inordertomaximizetheminingandcoordinationofenterpriseresources,expandthesurvivalspaceandpotential. CRMisc

17、ustomerinformationintopositivecustomerrelationshipandtheworkingprocess of the cycle. Through the CRM can more trulyprehensive collection,analysisofcustomerinformation,to providecustomerswithmulti-angle,all-roundservice.Question3:TheDataProtectionAct1998isaUnitedKingdom ActofParliamentwhichdefinesUKl

18、awontheprocessingofdataonidentifiablelivingpeople.Itisthemainpieceoflegislationthatgoverns theprotectionofpersonaldataintheUK.AlthoughtheActitselfdoesnotmentionprivacy,itwasenactedtobringUKlawintolinewiththeEUdataprotectiondirectiveof1995whichrequiredMemberStatestoprotectpeoplesfundamentalrightsandf

19、reedomsandinparticulartheir right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data.(Wikipedia,2013)1thinkitnecessa叩forenterprisestousetheAct.Itcanbetterprotectcorporatedataandinformation,toreducealotofbusinessrisk.TheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988(c.48),alsoknownastheCDPA,isanActoftheP

20、arliamentoftheUnitedKingdomwhich receivedRoyal Assenton15November1988.Itreformulatesalmostpletelythestatutorybasisofcopyrightlaw(includingpe斤。rmingrights)intheUnitedKingdom,whichhad,untilthen,beengovernedbytheCopyrightAct1956(c.74).Italsocreatesanunregistereddesignright,andcontainsanumberofmodificat

21、onstothelawoftheUnitedKingdomonRegisteredDesignsandpatents.(Wikipedia,2013)1suggestitnecessaryforenterprisestousetheAct.It canhelpenterp川sestobetterprotectandincreasetheirowninterests.Part2:DescribeandevaluatedatamunicationsystemsandnewICTinnovations.Question1:pareandcontrastthreedatamunicationsyste

22、ms.Alocalareanetwork(LAN)isanetworkthatconnectsputerswithinalimitedgeographicaldistrict,usuallywithinanindependentofficeorbuilding.WideAreaNetwork(WAN),alsocalledRemoteputerNetwork,thescopeofitslargest,generallycanbefromafewtensofkilometerstotensofthousandsofmiles.Establishedanationalorinternational

23、networkisawideareanetwork.Inawideareanetwork,usedforthetransmissionofmunicationsdevicesandtransmissionmediumcanbeprovidedbythetelesector.(NWPU,2013)TheInternetisaglobalsystemofinterconnectedputernetworksthatusethestandard Internetprotocolsuite(TCA斤P)toserveseveralbillionusersworldwide.Itisanefworkof

24、nefworksthatconsistsofmillionsofprivate,public,academic,business,andgovernmentnetworks,oflocaltoglobal scope,thatarelinkedbyabroadarrayofelectronic,wirelessandopticalnetworkingtechnologies.TheInternetcarries anextensiverangeofinformationresourcesandservices,suchastheinter-linkedhypertextdocumentsof

25、theWorldWide Web(),theinfrastructuretosuppo时email,andpeer-to-peernetworks.Forexample,MicrosoftServiceNetworkandEmailpassedthroughthe Internet.(Wikipedia,2013)pare: Alocalareanetworkisanetworkwithinalimited distanceusuallyononegeographicalsite.TheWideAreaNetworkislargerthanlocalareanetwork.TheInterne

26、tisglobal,themostwide range.(IT168,2011)Thethreedatamunicationsystemshavethemselvesadvantages,soitshouldbebinedwitheachother,thedevelopmentofenterpriseswillbebetter.Question2:DescribetwobenefitsforeachofthethreedatamunicationsystemsforBW.Localareanetwork: Low-Ievelproto1isSimple.Inthelocalareanetwor

27、k(LAN),duetotheshortdistanceandtimedelay issmall,lowcost,hightransmission rate,high reliability,so the channel utilization has not considered the mainfactors,sothelow-Ievelprotocolissimple. Becauseofthecloserangetransmission,sotheerrorrateisve叩low.WideAreaNetwork: Itstransmissionspeedisbetlerandtran

28、smitslargeamountsofdata. Itstransmissionrangeiswider.Internet: The Internetprovidesabundantinformationresourcesandapplicationservices.Notonlyitcantransmittheinformationsuchastext,voice,image,andthousandsofmilesaway,peoplecancar叩outreal-timeconversationsovertheIntemet,online,etc. TheIntemetisthe worl

29、dsmostopenputernetwork.Everyputeraslongasthesuppo时ofTCPIlPprotocol臼nbeconnectedtothe Internet,torealizeinformationresourcessharing,etc.(100XUEXI,2010)Question3:IdentifyandevaluatethreethreatstosecurityofnetworkedinformationandthesecurityproceduresthatwouldbeappropriateforBWtoadopt. Fire: Fireistopoi

30、nttointimeandspacecausedbytheburningoutofcontrol.Amongvariouskindsofdisaster,fireisthemostoften,themostmonthreattopublicsafetyandsocialdevelopmentofoneofthemajordisasters.Enterprisesshouldbeinstalledintheindoorfirewaterspraynozzle;policy formulation aboutSmokingisprohibitedandsetupevacuationpassagew

31、ay.Thiscanbetterreduthepossibilityoffire. Theft: Inmonusage,theftisthetakingofanotherpersonspropertywithoutthatpersonspermissionorconsentwiththeintenttodeprivetherigh町ulownerofit.Enterprisesshouldhiresecurityguardsandinstallcamerasatindoors,sothatwe canbetteravoidthethreat ofthethief. Viruses:Aputer

32、virusisatypeofmalwarethat,whenexecuted,replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into otherputerprograms,datafiles,or theboot sectoroftheharddrive;whenthisreplicationsucceeds,thea仔ectedareasarethensaidtobeinfectedEnterprisesshouldemploynetworksecurityengineerandsetupthefirewalltop

33、reventvirusintrusion.Questio4:Identifyandevaluatethree!ITCinnovationsintermsoftheirrelevancetotheneedsofBW,theirmanagersandstaff.Voice over Internet Protocol: Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is amethodologyandgroupoftechnologiesforthedeliveryofvoice municationsandmultimediasessionsoverInternetPr

34、otocol(IP)networks,suchastheInternet.OthertermsmonlyassociatedwithVolPareIP telephony,Internettelephony,voice over broadband (VoBB),broadbandtelephony,IPmunications,andbroadbandphoneservice.(Wikipedia,2013) ThegreatestbenefitofVoiceoverInternetProtocolisve叩cheap.Thiswillsavemoneyforthepany. Voiceove

35、rInternetProtocolservicesisvaried. VoiceoverInternetProtocoltransmissionmediaisdiversification.Cloudputing:Cloud,orsomethingbeinginthecloud,isanexpressionusedtodescribeavarietyofdifferenttypesofputingconceptsthatinvolvealargenumberofputersconnectedthroughareal-timemunicationnetworksuchas theInternet

36、.(Wikipedia,2013) Security,cloudputingprovidesthemostreliableandsecuredatastoragecenter;usersdonthavetoworryaboutdataloss,suchasvirusinvasionoftrouble. Convenience,cloudputingequipmentrequirementsforclientsisthelowest,isthemostconvenientforyoutouse.Tencent QQ: Tencent QQ is tencent developed interne

37、t-based instantmessaging (1M) software. Support tencent QQ online chat,video phone,point-to-point breakpoint continuingly files,share files,network hard disk,custompanel,QQ,andotherfunctions,andcanbeconnectedtothemobilemunicationterminalandothermunicationmethods.EnterprisescanuseQQtomunicatewithstaf

38、f,otherenterprises. Informationtransferfast,Sendingandreceivingmessageimmediately. Enterprisescanusevoiceandvideochatfacetoface,thefunctionisveryprehensive.Andthesearefree.ReferenceWikipedia,2013,Enterpriseresourceplanningonline ,availableat:n.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planningaccessed飞

39、巳October2013Wikipedia,2013,Customer relationship management online,available at:k伊,r_relationship_management accessed16October2013Wikipedia,2013,Supplychainmanagementonline,availableat:k加,ed阻。rg/wiki/Suppl.儿chain_managementaccessedat16October2013Wikipedia,2013,DataProtectionAct丁998online,availableat

40、:n川t_1998accessedat气已October2013Wikipedia,2013,Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct 1988online,availableat:h柱._Design飞and-Patents-Act-1988拌The_Actaccessedat16October2013NWPU,2013,chapter three WAN Technologiesonline,availableat:accessedat16October2013Wikipedia,2013,Internetonline,availableat: accessed at

41、气6 October 2013IT168,2011,LANsecuritysolutionsonline,availableat: accessedat 16October2013100xuexi, 2010,thefeatureofInternetonline, availableat:accessedat16October2013accessedat16October2013Wikipedia,2013VoiceoverIPonline,availableat:accessed at16October2013Wikipedia,2013Cloudputingonlineaccessedat16October

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