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1、主要统计指标解释从2012年四季度起，国家统计局对分别进行的城乡住户调查实施了一体化改革，规范了城乡划分范围，统一了城乡居民收入指标名称、分类和统计标准，建立了城乡统一的一体化住户调查，并据此采集全国居民有关数据。1978-2012年的数据，根据国家统计局城镇住户调查和农村住户调查的历史数据，按照住户收支与生活状况调查可比口径推算得到。一、居民可支配收入居民可支配收入指居民可用于最终消费支出和储蓄的总和，即居民可用于自由支配的收入。既包括现金收入，也包括实物收入。按照收入的来源，可支配收入包含四项，分别为:工资性收入、经营净收入、财产净收入和转移净收入。工资性收入指就业人员通过各种途径得到的全
2、部劳动报酬和各种福利，包括受雇于单位或个人、从事各种自由职业、兼职和零星劳动得到的全部劳动报酬和福利。经营净收入指住户或住户成员从事生产经营活动所获得的净收入，是全部经营收入中扣除经营费用、生产性固定资产折旧和生产税之后得到的净收入。计算公式为：经营净收入=经营收入-经营费用-生产性固定资产折旧-生产税财产净收入指住户或住户成员将其所拥有的金融资产、住房等非金融资产和自然资源交由其他机构单位、住户或个人支配而获得的回报并扣除相关的费用之后得到的净收入。财产净收入包括利息净收入、红利收入、储蓄性保险净收益、转让承包土地经营权租金净收入、出租房屋净收入、出租其他资产净收入和自有住房折算净租金等。财
3、产净收入不包括转让资产所有权的溢价所得。转移净收入计算公式为：转移净收入=转移性收入-转移性支出转移性收入指国家、单位、社会团体对住户的各种经常性转移支付和住户之间的经常性收入转移。包括养老金或退休金、社会救济和补助、政策性生产补贴、政策性生活补贴、救灾款、经常性捐赠和赔偿、报销医疗费、住户之间的赡养收入，本住户非常住成员寄回带回的收入等。转移性收入不包括住户之间的实物馈赠。转移性支出指调查户对国家、单位、住户或个人的经常性或义务性转移支付。包括缴纳的税款、各项社会保障支出、赡养支出、经常性捐赠和赔偿支出以及其他经常转移支出等。根据住户收支与生活状况调查，分城镇和农村的居民人均可支配收入等数据
4、的覆盖人群主要变化：一是计算城镇居民人均可支配收入时分母包括了在城镇地区常住的农民工，计算农村居民人均可支配收入时分母不包括在城镇地区常住的农民工；二是由本户供养的在外大学生视为常住人口。二、居民消费支出居民消费支出是指居民用于满足家庭日常生活消费需要的全部支出，既包括现金消费支出，也包括实物消费支出。消费支出可划分为食品烟酒、衣着、居住、生活用品及服务、交通通信、教育文化娱乐、医疗保健以及其他用品及服务八大类。食品烟酒指用于各种食品和烟草、酒类的支出。衣着指与居民穿着有关的支出，包括服装、服装材料、鞋类、其他衣类及配件、衣着相关加工服务的支出。居住指与居住有关的支出，包括房租、水、电、燃料、
5、物业管理等方面的支出，也包括自有住房折算租金。生活用品及服务指家庭及个人的各类生活品及家庭服务。包括家具及室内装饰品、家用器具、家用纺织品、家庭日用杂品、个人用品和家庭服务。交通通信指用于交通和通信工具及相关的各种服务费、维修费和车辆保险等支出。教育文化娱乐指用于教育、文化和娱乐方面的支出。医疗保健指用于医疗和保健的药品、用品和服务的总费用。包括医疗器具及药品，以及医疗服务。其他用品及服务指无法直接归入上述各类支出的其他用品与服务支出。服务性消费指住户用于各种生活服务的消费支出，包括餐饮服务、衣着鞋类加工服务、居住服务、家庭服务、交通通信服务、教育文化娱乐服务、医疗服务和其他服务等。Expla
6、natoryNotesonMainStatisticalIndicatorsInthefourthquarterof2012,theNBSlauncheditsrefononthehouseholdsurveyprogramme,todevelopanintegratedsurvey,insteadoftwoseparateurbanandruralhouseholdsurveys.Thereformaimsatregulatingthedivisionofurbanandruralareas,integratingtheconcepts,classificationsandstandards
7、,implementingtheintegratedhouseholdsurvey,andcollectinghouseholddatainthewholecountrythereafter.Datafrom1978to2012areestimatedbasedonthehistoricaldataofUrbanHouseholdSurveyandRuralHouseholdSurveyaccordingtothecomparabledefinitionandcoverageofmainincomeandconsumptionindicatorsofHouseholdSurveyonIncom
8、eandExpenditureandLivingConditions.I. DisposableIncomeofResidentsDisposableIncomeofResidentsreferstotheincomeofresidentsforpurposeoffinalexpenditureandsavings.Itincludesincomebothincashandinkind.Bysourcesofincome,disposableincomeincludesfourcategories:incomefromwagesandsalaries,netbusinessincome,net
9、incomefrompropertiesandnetincomefromtransfer.IncomefromWagesandSalariesreferstoremunerationandbenefitsofallkindsofemployedpersons,includingthoseemployedbyotherunitsorindividuals,freelanceworkers,parttimejobs,andsporadicworkers.NetBusinessIncomereferstonetincomeearnedbyhouseholdsandtheirmembersengage
10、dinproductionandbusinessactivities.Itreferstothenetincomeofoperatingrevenueminusoperatingcosts,depreciationofproductivefixedassets,andproductiontax.Theformulais:Netbusinessincome=operatingrevenue-operatingcosts-depreciationofproductivefixedassets-productiontaxNetIncomefromPropertiesreferstothenetinc
11、omereceivedasreturnsbyhouseholdsormembersthroughlendingoftheirfinancialassets,non-financialassetssuchashousing,tootherinstitutions,householdsorindividuals,minusrelevantcosts.Netincomefrompropertiesincludesnetincomeofinterest,bonusincome,netincomeofsavinginsurance,netincomefromtransferringmanagementr
12、ightofcontractland,incomefromlendingofhousing,incomefromlendingotherassets,netconvertedrentsofself-ownedhousing.Netincomefrompropertiesdonotincludepremiumoftransferringownershipofassets.NetIncomefromTransferTheformulais:Netincomefromtransfer=incomefromtransfer-expenditurefromtransferIncomefromTransf
13、erreferstotheregulartransferreceivedfromgovernments,institutions,socialorganizationstohouseholdsandbetweenhouseholds.Itincludesold-ageandretirementpension,disasterrelieffunds,regulardonationandcompensation,reimbursementofmedicalfees,supportingincomebetweenhouseholds,incomefromnon-residentmembersofho
14、useholds,etc.Incomefromtransferdonotincludegiftsinkindsbetweenhouseholds.ExpenditurefromTransferreferstoregularorobligatorytransferpaidtogovernment,institutions,householdsorindividuals.Itincludestaxpayment,expenditureonallkindsofsocialsecurity,supportingexpenditure,regulardonation,compensationpaymen
15、tandotherregulartransferexpenditure.AccordingtoHouseholdSurveyonIncomeandExpenditureandLivingConditions,mainchangesofpopulationcoverageofpercapitadisposableincomeofurbanandruralresidentsincludes:migrantworkersresidinginurbanareasareincludedinthedenominatorwhencalculatingpercapitadisposableincomeofur
16、banresidents,andnotincludedindenominatorwhencalculatingpercapitadisposableincomeofruralresidents;studentsstudyinginuniversitiesorcollegesinotherplaceswhoaresupportedbythehouseholdsareregardedaspermanentresidentsofthehouseholds.II. ConsumptionExpenditureofResidentsConsumptionExpenditureofResidentsref
17、erstoallexpenditureofresidentsforlivingexpendituretosatisfyfamilydailyliving.Itincludesexpenditureincashandinkind.Itincludeseightcategories:food,tobaccoandliquor;clothingandfootwear;housing;householdequipments,furnishingsandservices;transportandcommunications;education,cultureandrecreation;healthcar
18、eandmedicalservices,andmiscellaneousgoodsandservices.Food,TobaccoandLiquorreferstoexpenditureforfood,tobaccoandliquorofallkinds.ClothingandFootwearreferstoexpenditurerelatedtoclothing,includingclothes,clothingmaterials,footwear,otherclothingandaccessories,processingservicesrelatedtoclothing.Housingr
19、eferstoexpenditurerelatedtohousing,includingrents,water,electricity,fuel,propertymanagement,aswellasimputedrentonowner-occupieddwellings.HouseholdEquipments,FurnishingsandServicesreferstoexpenditureofhouseholdsandindividualsonequipments,furnishingsandarticlesforlivingpurposeandonhouseholdservices.It
20、includesfurnitureandinteriordecoration,homeappliances,hometextiles,householdmiscellaneousdailyarticles,personalarticles,andhouseholdservices.TransportandCommunicationsreferstoexpenditureontransportandcommunicationandrelatedservices,maintenanceandrepairs,andvehicleinsurance.Education,CultureandRecrea
21、tionreferstoexpenditureoneducational,culturalandrecreationalactivities.HealthCareandMedicalServicesreferstoexpenditureondrugs,suppliesandservicesofmedicalandhealthcare.Itincludesmedicalappliancesanddrugs,andmedicalservices.MiscellaneousGoodsandServicesreferstoexpenditureonallotherarticlesandservices
22、thatcannotclassifiedintotheabovecategories.ServiceConsumptionreferstoconsumptionexpenditureofhouseholdsforvariouslivingservices,includingcateringservices,clothingandfootwearprocessingservices,housingservices,householdservices,transportationandcommunicationservices,education,cultureandentertainmentservices,medicalservicesandotherservices.
