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1、单层厂房钢屋盖设计计算书一、设计计算资料梯形屋架跨度27m,屋架间距6m,厂房长度84m。屋架支撑于钢筋混凝土柱子上,节点采用焊接方式连接。钢筋混凝土柱高12m,其混凝土强度等级为C30o钢材为Q235-B,焊条E43型。厂房内有中级工作制桥式吊车,起重量QW300kN60).跨度及荷载情况,设置三道上、下弦横向水平支撑。因柱网采用封闭结合,厂房两端的横向水平支撑设在第一柱间,该水平支撑的规格与中间柱间支撑的规格有所不同。在所有柱间的上弦平面有榭条代替刚性与柔性系杆,以保证安装时上弦杆的稳定,在各柱间下弦平面的跨中及端部设置了柔、刚性系杆,以传递山墙风荷载。在设置横向水平支撑的柱间,于屋架跨中
2、和两端各设一道垂直支撑。梯形钢屋架支撑布置如图2、图3、图4所示。其中SC#为上弦支撑、XC#为下弦支撑、CC#为垂直支撑、GG#为刚性系杆、RG#为柔性系杆、GWJ#为屋架。四、荷载计算0.15- = 0.151 kNm281、永久荷载(水平投影面)压型钢板樵条(0.5kNm)0.148kNm2屋架及支撑自重0.01L=0.27kNml合计0.569kNm2、可变荷载(水平投影面)因屋架受荷水平投影面积不超过60nf,故屋面均布活荷载为0.50kNm1,无雪荷载。故取屋面均布活荷载为可变荷载。3、风荷载风压高度变化系数为1.056,屋面迎风面的体型系数为-0.6,背风面为-0.5,所以负风压
3、标准值(垂直于屋面)为:迎风面:W=-1.00.61.0560.75=-0.475kNm2背风面:V=-1.00.51.0560.75=-0.396kNm,对轻型钢屋架,当风荷载较大时,风吸力可能大于屋面永久荷载,此时屋架弦杆和腹杆中的内力均可能变号,必须考虑风荷载组合。但此处风荷载小于永久荷载,故不考虑风荷载的影响。五、屋架杆件内力计算与组合由永久荷载控制的荷载组合值为:1.35X0.569+0.7X1.4X0.50=1.258kN/m?由可变荷载控制的荷载组合值为:1.20.569+1.40.50=1.383kNms故可变荷载效应起控制作用。1、荷载组合考虑以下二种荷载组合(I)全跨永久荷
4、载+全跨可变荷载(2)全跨永久荷载+半跨可变荷载(3)全跨屋架、支撑及天窗架自重+半跨屋面板重+半跨屋面活荷载因在施工中能保证屋面板对称布置,所以不考虑第三种荷载组合。2、节点荷载(1)永久荷载:Fi=1.20.5693.3756=13.827kN(2)可变荷载:F2=1.40.503.3756=14.175kN3、内力系数计算因屋架结构对称,由结点法解得F=I作用于左半跨时的屋架各杆件的内力系数,如图5所示。计算过程如下由Zm,=O,r26.7-0.513.35-1.09.975-1.06.6-1.03.225=0得Ra=1.0;由Zy=0,R,+R,+1.0x4=0得R,=3.00结点aZ
5、X=0,得U=0;Zy=O,得7=-R,=-3.O结点A y05 NABAam航(NA筝。NbcZ y=,得由以上两式求得Zr=0,得0.992M8+0.85INAb=b=Nab=-0.858Zy=0,得0.124M8-0.5257+25=0由以上两式求得NAb=3.960,Nab=-3.398结点bZX=0,得MC-0.85IMA=O=MX=3.370Zy=O,得M8+0.5257=0n岫=-2.079结点BZX=O,0992NBC+0.815Nbc+0.9923.398=00.124NBC-0.579+1.500=0IyNBK HBCNBb=-4.698,=1.581结点C,x=0,得Nd
6、-0.815N8-3.370=0=Nd=4.6594=353HxJcCXy=0,得MC+0579M8=0=Nc=-0.915NT57Ncd结点CZx=O,得0.992MI)+0.767+0.992X4.698=OZy=O,得0.1247。-0.642叫+0.498=0由以上两式求得Ncd=-4.610,=-0.114结点dNSeZx=O,得Nde-0.707Mc-4.659=O=Me=4.577Zy=O,得+0.6422,C=On=0.079结点DZx=O,得0.992M出+0.720+0.9924.610=0Zy=O,得0.124M-0.694M)e-0.507=0由以上两式求得Nde=-3
7、.610,NDe=-1.377结点Ey0.5加宁而保NEeZ NeE产* NeT NeeNed,ZX=O,得0.992Mo+0.992x3.610=0=-3.610Zy=O,得T-2x0.124x3.610+0.5=0=M,=0.395结点eZy=O,得0.694Mo-0.694x1.377+0.395=D=NeIy=0.808Zx=O,得0.7200.808+-3.586=OnMd=3.004结点DNDWXZx=O,得0.992M)C+3.581-0.582=O=TVoc=-3.024Zy=O,得M)d-0.561-0.3750.448=OnM),d=-0.611NjC结点d0.6424c-
8、Nd,d,=0=NNcb=-2.448=0,得超D.304+0.375+0.611=0=NcC=-0.705结点c,UdZy=O,得0.579Mu-MC=O=M8=1.218jICNbM0815ULN=OnM&=1.341结点BIyNBeB於NBA apNBb3S.3H,Zx = O,得 0.992Mr +2.428-0.992 = 0= =-1.447Zy = O,得 Nb-0.179+ 0.705 + 0.304=OnNbb= -0.829结点b,8Yy=O,得0.525MK-MW=OnMK=L579第二ZX=O,得NbCENbQMZO.85IMk-Mp=O=Mp=O结点A,yZy=。,得
9、MzM.171+0.829=O=Mp=1.0N然AlX一,WXX=。,得0.992MD.851U/=O结点a,Ze=O,得&-M=ON(TbMy=0得Nab=ORq,4、屋架杆件内力计算前面已求得杆件的内力系数,所以只需将杆件内力系数分别乘以各种荷载组合下节点荷载即得各种荷载组合下的杆件内力。杆件内力计算过程见表1。表1屋架构件内力组合表(单位:KN)杆件内力系数(F=I)单项荷载内力内力组合最不利组合活载恒载第一种第二种名称编号左半跨右半跨全跨左半跨F2*右半跨F2*全跨Fi*+AB-3.398-1.447-4.875-48.167-20.511-67.407-136.085-115.574
10、-87.918-136.085AB-1.4473398-4.875-20.511-48.167-67.407-136.085-87.918-115.574-136.085上BC-4.698-2.448-7.146-66.594-34.700-98.808-200.102-165.402-133.508-200.102弦Bc-2.448-4.698-7.146-34.700-66.594-98.808-200.102-133.508-165.402-200.102杆CD-4.610-3.024-7.814-65.347-42.865-108.044-216.256-173.391-150.909
11、-216.256CD-3.024-4.610-7.814-42.865-65.347-108.044-216.256-150.909-173.391-216.256DE-3.610-3.610-7.220-51.172-51.172-99.831-202.175-151.003-151.003-202.175D,E-3.610-3.610-7.220-51.172-51.172-99.831-202.175-151.003-151.003-202.175下弦杆abOOOOOOOOOOabOOOOOOOOOObe3.3701.3414.71147.77019.00865.139131.91711
12、2.90984.147131.917b,c,1.3413.3704.71119.00847.77065.139131.91784.147112.909131.917cd4.6592.3346.99366.04133.08496.692195.817162.733129.776195.817c,d,2.3344.6596.99333.08466.04196.692195.817129.776162.733195.817de4.5773.0047.58164.87942.582104.822212.283169.701147.404212.283d,e3.0044.5777.58142.58264
13、.879104.822212.283147.404169.701212.283斜腹杆Ab3.9601.5795.53056.13322.38276.463154.978132.59698.845154.978A,b,1.5793.9605.53022.38256.13376.463154.97898.845132.596154.978Bc1.5811.2182.79922.41117.26538.70278.37861.11355.96778.378B,c,1.2181.5812.79917.26522.41138.70278.37855.96761.00378.378Cd-0.1140.95
14、20.838-1.61613.94611.58723.9179.97125.53325.533C,d,0.952-0.1140.83813.946-1.61611.58723.91725.5339.97125.533De-1.3770.808-0.569-19.51911.453-7.868-15.934-27.3873.585-27.387D,e0.808-1.377-0.56911.453-19.519-7.868-15.9343.585-27.387-27.387竖杆Aa-3.000-1.000-4.000-42.525-14.175-55.308-112.008-97.833-69.4
15、83-112.008A,a,-1.000-3.000-4.000-14.175-42.525-55.308-112.008-69.483-97.833-112.008Bb-2.079-0.829-2.908-29.470-11.751-40.209-81.430-69.679-51.960-81.430Bb-0.829-2.079-2.908-11.751-29.470-40.209-81.430-51.960-69.679-81.430Cc-0.915-0.705-1.620-12.970-9.993-22.400-45.363-35.370-32.393-45.363C,c,-0.705-
16、0.915-1.620-9.993-12.970-22.400-45.363-32.393-35.370-45.363Dd0.079-0.611-0.5321.120-8.661-7.356-14.798-6.236-16.017-16.017Dd-0.6110.079-0.532-8.6611.120-7.356-14.897-16.017-6.236-16.017Ee0.3950.3950.7905.6005.60010.92322.12316.52316.52322.123六、屋架杆件设计查钢结构设计手册,节点板厚度选用8mm,支座节点板厚度选用IOmmo1、上弦杆上弦采用等截面,按CD
17、杆件的最大设计内力设计,即N=-216.256kN上弦杆计算长度:平面内:入=。=3402w%;在屋架平面外,根据支撑和内力变化情况,取岳=ZP=3402W根据屋架平面外上弦杆的计算长度,上弦截面选用两个等肢角钢。设;I=Il0,查表得0=0.493。取强度设计值=215N削2,则需要的截面积:需要回转半径:=a=-=30.9三IlO根据需要的A、ix,查角钢型钢表,选用21_1258,A=39.5c112,2=B=15.6z,/Jvr2340228244z415,由max(4,4)=877,查表得。=0.636。贝J216256-A0.6363950=86.01三z29.87CTn2,ix=
18、1.36cvm,iy=2.20cm。按所选角钢进行验算满足长细比的要求。图7下弦杆截面N212283C八OCA7/CClUAT/2=208.9N/mm7.20cm2,L=1.54cm,iy=2.36mm。按所选角钢进行验算x=-=R-Z_196.92=350图8腹杆Ab截面ix1.54ly=-=160.6Ul=350,满足长细比的要求。iy2.36=-154978=198.7/mm2/=2157V/mm1,截面满足要求。截面如图8所示。A780由内力表可知,斜腹杆Be、Cd与Ab杆相同均为拉杆;BC和Cd杆的内力都小于Ab杆,所以截面面积A都小于Ab杆;Bc和Cd杆的长细比分别为/1=215.
19、1,/=175.4和%=228.7,=186.5,均小于容许长细比囚=350,故取BC和Cd杆的截面与Ab杆的截面相同。(2) De杆杆件轴力N=-27.387kN,U=0.8/=0.8X4690=3752/见岳=/=469Omm.因内力较小,可按长细比要求试选截面.Iox375.2.Ioy4691ix=2.5OCTn,iv=3.13。%150150查角钢型钢表,选用2L90x6,A=21.28cw2,L=2.79ctn,6=3.98相机。按所选角钢进行验算九=包=W丝=117.80=150,满足长细比的要求。iy3.98lj所以4=%(1+O4%/)=117.8X(1+)=122.5图9腹杆
20、De截面4690262yyzx150,由max(x,2v2)=134.5,查表得=0.368。则=35.0yV三2f=25Nnn1,截面满足要求。截面如图9所0.3682128/Ko4、竖杆因屋架为对称结构,以下只设计了左半跨的杆件,右半跨的杆件与左半跨的相同。(1) Aa杆杆件轴力N=TI2.008kN,lx=L,y=/=199Omm。设几=IO0,查表得O=O.555。取强度设计值=215Nm%2,则需要的截面积:IoX199需要回转半径:ir=y=-=1.99cwA100根据需要的A、ix,查角钢型钢表,选用2L70x8,A=21.3W,Zx=2.13cmiiy=3.22cm。按所选角钢
21、进行验算否=3=222=61.8刃=150,满足长细比的要求。Iy3.22所以a=A(1+空驾=)=61.8x(l+空学%)=64.6图10竖杆Aa截面lt21990282N =122008A - 0.599 2134yyzx150,由max(2t,2v2)=93.4,查表得g=0.599。则=95.4N加2f=215Nnn”,截面满足要求。截面如图10所ZjSo(2) Bb杆杆件轴力N=-81.430kN,IOX=0.8/=0.82398=191=/=2398/nw设/1=100,查表得/=0.555。取强度设计值f=215Nm,则需要的截面积:需要回转半径:Zr=-=里至=1.918cmA
22、=-=空老=2.398cw4100100根据需要的A、&,查角钢型钢表,选用21-70x8,A=21.34c/?2,ix=23cmJy=3.22cm.按所选角钢进行验算。0.475Z、”0.47570v,=2(1+r-r)=74.5(1+-)=76.8K次产2398282yyzx150,由max(Z)=90.0,查表得=0.621。则=61.4三z21.03c?2,i=1.36cm,iy=2.20cm。按所选角钢进行验算x=216.5=350图12竖杆Ee截面i1.36Ay=-=-=167.32=350,满足长细比的要求。iy2.20N72123=-=2.SNmm2f=25Nmm2t截面满足要
23、求。截面如图12所示。A1016各杆件的截面选择列于表2。表2屋架杆件截面选择表杆件计算内力(kN)截面规格(mm)截面积(cm2)计算长度(cm)回转半径(cm)长细比容许长细比稳定系数应力(N/2、mm)名称编号上弦杆所有-216.25621_125839.5340.2340.23.885.4187.762.91500.63686.01下弦杆所有212.2832L45610.16337.5337.51.362.20248.2153.4350-208.9斜腹杆Ab123.5722L5047.80303.23791.542.36196.9160.6350一198.7Bc78.37821-504
24、7.80331.24141.542.36215.1175.4350-100.5Cd25.53321-5047.80352.2440.21.542.36228.7186.535032.7De-27.38721_90621.28375.24692.793.98134.5117.81500.36835.0竖杆Aa-122.00821_70821.341991992.133.2293.461.81500.59995.4Bb-81.43021_70821.34191.8239.82.133.2290.074.51500.62161.4Cc-45.3632L70821.34226.1282.62.133.
25、22106.188.31500.51741.1Dd-16.01721-70821.34260.2325.32.133.22122.2101.01500.58012.9Ee22.12321-45610.16294.43681.362.20216.5167.3350-21.85、填板设计填板厚度与节点板厚度相同,对于双角钢拼接T型截面,填板宽度一般取50三到80mm,填板应伸出截面边缘15mm到20m填板间距在受压杆件中不大于40i,在受拉杆件中不大于80i。填板尺寸祥见施工图。上弦杆AB杆(压杆):设置填板两块,则a=108Acm40/=403.88=1552cmBC杆(压杆):设置填板两块,则
26、a=113Acm40/=403.88=155.2cmCD杆(压杆):设置填板两块,则a=113AcmAOi=403.88=155,2cmDE杆(拉杆):设置填板一块,则a=170.Icm80/=802.79=223.2cm下弦杆ab杆(零杆):设置填板两块。be杆(拉杆):设置填板三块,则a=84.4c780/=80X1.37=109.6cmCd杆(拉杆):设置填板三块,则a=84.4cw80/=80X1.37=109.6cmde杆(拉杆):设置填板三块,则Za=84.4cw80/=801.37=109.6cm斜腹杆Ab杆(拉杆):设置填板三块,则la=94.8cw80/=801.55=124
27、cmBc杆(拉杆):设置填板三块,则a=103.5cm80z=801.55=124c/?Cc杆(拉杆):设置填板三块,则a=110.cm80z=801.55=2AcmDC杆(压杆):设置填板四块,则la=93.8c740/=402.79=111.Gctn竖杆Aa杆(压杆):设置填板两块,则a=66.3a%40z=402.13=85.2cwBb杆(压杆):设置填板两块,则a=80.0c/?40/=402.13=85,2cmCC杆(压杆):设置填板三块,则a=70.1cm40z=402.13=85.2cmDd杆(压杆):设置填板三块,则。=81.3ow40i=40X2.13=85.2。Ee杆(拉杆
28、):设置填板三块,则Za=92Cm80Z=801.37=109.Gcm七、屋架节点设计。235-8钢,石43焊条,故f;=NIm病施焊时,焊脚尺寸与板厚关系应满组如图13所示条件:图13对上弦杆和竖杆,厚度为8x,节点板厚度8x,则hn=1.5V8=4.2mm肢背焊缝.2Azi1.2r=1.28=9.6ww,(5tnmhfl1.5=1.5V=4.2mm肢尖焊缝:/、/、,取5皿九hf2f-(l-2)=8(12)=6Imm对其他杆件,厚度为32m,5mm,6mm,均小于节点板厚度,则hn1.5?=1.5V=4.2tnm肢背焊缝:2,取5加加Afl1.2rl=1.26=1.2mtn肢尖焊缝:hf2
29、.5yt=1.5V8=4.2mmhf2f=6mm1、腹杆与节点板连接焊缝因腹杆均选用等边角钢,所以角钢肢背、肢尖内力分配系数分别为07和0.3。角钢肢背/僦=史20.7z;角钢肢尖/“”=出一20.7z2/且考虑施焊时起弧落弧影响,实际lw=lw+2hf肢背、肢尖焊缝长度见表3表3腹杆与节点板连接焊缝杆件截面规格内力(kN)肢背肢尖内力(kN)内力(kN)Ab21_50x4123.52786.4695809037.05853545Bc21_50x478.37854.8655506023.51352030Cd21_50x425.53317.873520307.66051020De21_906-2
30、7.387-19.17152030-5.87451020Aa21_708-122.008-85.40658090-36.60253545Bb21_70x8-81.430-57.OOl55060-24.42952535Cc21_708-45.363-31.75453040-13.60951525Dd21_70x8-16.017-11.21251020-4.8055515Ee21_45x522.12315.486515256.637510202、支座节点a支座节点采取较接支座,力的传递路线是,屋架支座杆件合力作用在节点板上,节点板通过与肋板的焊缝将合力的一部分传给肋板,节点板与肋板通过与底板的水平
31、焊缝将合力传给底板。为便于施焊,下弦角钢的边缘与底板间的距离e一般应不小于下弦伸出肢的宽度,且不小于130f11m,故取e=130切。在节点中心线上设置加劲肋,加劲肋厚度去取节点板厚度的0.7倍,为62m,加劲肋高度与节点板高度相等。1)支座底板计算支座反力H=IIZOOWn支座底板的平面尺寸取270/77mx300/Z=81OOOzz/?2b1a=85/175=0.486查表得=0.044t=y6M/f=72007.8/205=76Imm,取,=20mf112)加劲肋与节点板连接焊缝计算一个加劲肋的连接焊缝所受的内力为取hf=Snun,焊缝长度Iw=260-2()-10=230制r6MY(V
32、Y2O7j%K+20.7l6x1982.6x1()320.71.225230230.502IO3k20.752302=32.447VW=60N/mm23)节点板、加劲肋与底板的连接焊缝计算底板连接焊缝传递全部支座反力R=IIZOOMN,取力/=8加加,节点板与底板的连接焊缝:Iw=2(230-16)=428加%每块加劲肋与底板的连接焊缝:lw=2(130-20-16)=188,如?各尺寸及布置如图14图14支座节点a3、下弦节点e设Ee杆的肢背和肢尖焊缝/=8见和6Im,则所需的焊缝长度为(按等肢角钢连接的角焊缝内力分配系数计算):肢背:J=-07x22123+28=24.6mw,取30mm。
33、20.78160肢尖:=。3*22123+266.94mm,取20mm。20.76160设ed杆的肢背和肢尖焊缝与=Smn6mn,则所需的焊缝长度为:肢背:u.l=,X212283+2g=98.92/加,取100nm。20.78160肢尖:lt.2=。3*212283+2x6=59.3Smm,取60nm。20.76160CD杆的内力很小,焊缝尺寸可按构造确定,取与=5nm根据上面求得的焊缝长度,并考虑杆件之间应有的间隙及制作和装配等误差,按比例绘出节点详图,从而确定节点板尺寸为24(M三x490mm0图15下弦节点C4、上弦节点C下弦与节点板连接的焊缝长度为44.5Cnbhf=6mm0焊缝所受
34、的力为左右两下弦杆的内力差&V=1056.92-1014.39=42.53kN,受力较大的肢背处的焊缝应力为杆的肢背和肢尖焊缝为=6Im和日丽,则所需的焊缝长度为(按等肢角钢连接的角焊缝内力分配系数计算):肢背:L=,X24670+2x6=24.20mm,取40mm。20.76160肢尖:/2=一3X24670+26=18.Xtnm,取20mm。20.76160杆的内力很小,焊缝尺寸可按构造确定,取%.=5W肢尖焊缝承担弦杆内力差N=M-N2=216.256200.102=16.154ArTV,肢背采用塞焊缝,承受节点荷载F=36.44&N。上弦与节点板间焊缝长度为20Onm1,则图16上弦节
35、点C5、屋脊节点E弦杆一般采用同号角钢进行拼接。为使拼接角钢与弦杆之间能够密合,并便于施焊需将拼接角钢的尖角削除,且截去垂直肢的一部分宽度(一般为t+Hf+5mm),拼角钢的这部分削弱,可以靠节点板来补偿。接头一边的焊缝长度按弦杆内力计算。设焊缝为=1Omm,则所需要焊缝计算长度为(一条焊缝):共四条焊缝,认为平均受力,每条的实际长度。=2lv+20=484三n,拼接角钢长度取5.50mm,故节点板的设计满足要求。图17屋脊节点E6、下弦节点C设Cc杆的肢背和肢尖焊缝为=8见和6加,则所需的焊缝长度为(按等肢角钢连接的角焊缝内力分配系数计算):肢背:&=07x45363h28=33.77mm,
36、取40rn。m,20.78160肢尖:2=-3x45363+26=22.13tnm,取30nm。20.76160设CB杆的肢背和肢尖焊缝=8“和6mw,则所需的焊缝长度为(按等肢角钢连接的角焊缝内力分配系数计算):77R378肢背:Ll=+2x8=46.62/7如,取50nun。20.78160ax78378肢尖:4,=+26=29.50mm,取30mm020.76160根据上面求得的焊缝长度,并考虑杆件之间应有的间隙及制作和装配等误差,按比例绘出节点详图,从而确定节点板尺寸为185mmX295mm图18下弦节点c下弦与节点板连接的焊缝长度为26cm,hf=6?加。焊缝所受的力为左右两下弦杆的内力差JV=195.817-131.917=63.9kN,受力较大的肢背处的焊缝应力为焊缝强度满足要求。