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1、2018年4月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096一、单项选择题1. ThepatternofChinasforeigntradehaschangedSUbStantialIysinceChinaopenedtotheoutsideworld.A.considerablyB.partiallyC.scarcelyD.suddenly2. TheSOPhiStiCationoftheindustrialstructureneedsthesupportofadvancedtechnology.A.buildingB.upgradeC.completionD.reform3. A
2、numberofcountriesintheEUareCOnfrontedwithdebtproblems.A.angryB.disappointedC.concernedD.faced4. Byopeningthedistricttoforeigninvestments,competitionwasintroducedintoitseconomy.D. imposedD. freeD.changingD. dampenA.exclusiveB.recommendedC.brought5. Ifanenterpriseiswithinthezone,itwillenjoyapreferenti
3、altaxrate.A.highB.favoredC.low6. Americanindustrywasboomingbytheautumnof1942.A.flourishingB.diminishingC.decreasing7. Asurplusofexportsoverimportswillboostemployment.A.influenceB.harmC.promote8. IncreaseinChina*sgrowthratehelpedtoSUStainhighrateofgrowthintheEastAsianregion.A.createB.getC.pushD.maint
4、ain9. GovernmentDrOCUrementofrecycledpaperstimulatesrecycling.A.spendingB.purchasingC.supportingD.propaganda10. AsEuropeseconomyhassoured,free-marketideasfacenewchallenges.A.developedB.changedC.worsenedD.grown11. Whatthecommunityhadcompletedwasthelegalframework,butnottheblueprintforhowthesinglemarke
5、twouldactuallywork.A.stepB.planC.wayD.goal12. In1992,ChinaOUStedtheUStobecomethesecondlargestexportertotheemirate.A.followedB.caughtC.expelledD.replaced13. ThedraftagreementConlainSmanysensiblenewrulesforglobaltrade.A.concludesB.includesC.excludesD.continues14. UnStabIecrudepricespromptedfallsinplat
6、inumandgold.A.steadyB.unsuitableC.unbearableD.unsteady15. ThisyearthecompanyhikedSpritesadvertisingbudgetto$40million.A. roseB. slashedC. raisedD.reduced二、判断题Passage1OnGATT-WTOConclusionsoftheUruguayRoundaretrulyatriumphinadversity.Securingagreementamongsomanycountriesonsuchacomplexraftoftradeagreem
7、entsfrequentlyseemedaninsuperablechallengeinthepastyears.Tohavedoneitatatimeofsluggishgrowth,politicaluncertaintyandprotectionistpressuresisanextraordinaryachievement.Whatevertheshortcomingsoftheresult,theoriginalvisionofabroadexpansionofinternationaltradelawisnowmuchclosertofulfillment.Moreremarkab
8、lystillsoisthedreamthatdrovethefoundingfathersoftheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade:thatofaliberal,rules-basedinternationaltradingsystemoverseenbyanauthoritativeworldtradeorganization.JustastheGATThelpedfostereconomicintegrationandgrowthinthepostwardecades,thenewagreementshouldprovidepowerfulunderp
9、inningfortheworldeconomy,freshimpetustocompetition,freshhopeforthosedevelopingandformercommunistcountriesthathavebeenopeninguptointernationalcommerce.Severalindividualsdeservecredit.Mr.PeterSutherlandandbeforehimMr.ArthurDunkel,GAITdirectors-general,workedtirelesslytocajolerecalcitrants-especialIyth
10、eUSandEU-intosettlingdifferences.Mr.MickeyKantor,UStraderepresentative,hasdispelledthemostseriousdoubtsabouthisandtheadministrationscommitmenttomultilateralfreetrade.SirLeoBrittan,theEuropeantradecommissioner,playedadifficulthandwithconsummateskillandbyluringFranceintothefold,arguablysavedtheUnionfr
11、omapoliticalcrisisofalarmingproportions.16. ItwasnotdifficultforthemembercountriesoftheGATTtoreachanagreementontrade.17. AlthoughtheagreementreachedintheUruguayRoundnegotiationisbelievedtobearemarkableachievement,itoffersnothingnewtotheworldeconomy.18. OneofthefunctionsofWTOistomonitorthataliberal,r
12、ules-basedinternationaltradingsystemisobservedbymembercountries.19. TheUruguayRoundofnegotiationmovedastepforwardtothebroadexpansionofinternationaltradelaw.20. ThememberstatesofEuropeanUnion,whichnegotiatedasoneparty,tookaunanimousstandonallquestionsfrombeginningtoendintheUruguayRound.Passage2Global
13、ization:WhoBenefitsfromIt?WeshouldbeaskingiftheUSAisharmedbyglobalizafion.Ifso,howcanitberemedied?Althoughinternationaltradeitselfisgenerallybeneficialtoparticipatingnations,atradedeficitisalwayseconomicallydetrimentaltothenation*seconomy.TheUSAstradedeficitofgoodsbasbeenannuallyincreasingforoveraha
14、lfcentury.There*snoreasontobelieveitwillnotcontinuetodosoaswecontinuetoseekpurefreetrade.ForoverabarfcenturytheUSAscontinuouslyincreasingannualtradedeficitsofgoodshavebeensuchasignificantcatalyst.OurannualGDPandmedianwages（平均工资）havebeenlessthanotherwiseduetoourpursuitofpureunrestrictedfreetrade.Atra
15、dedeficitsdetriment（损害）totheGDPgreatlyexceedstheamountofthedeficititself.Thisisitsmultipliereffect.AnyharmtotheGDPaffectsthemedianwage.IftheUSCongressdetermineswepracticeglobalcharily,itshouldbefundedbyallUSUxpayersratherthanitsgreaterproportionateburdenuponlowerwageandsalaryearningfamilies.In2003Wa
16、rrenBuffettsconcepttoSignificanfiydecreasetheUSA,stradedeficitofgoodswaspublished.Theself-fundingproposalismarketratherthangovernmentdrivenandrequiresnoconstitutionalamendment.ItwillincreaseratherthandecreasetheUSA,Saggregatesumofimportsplusexports.Wecanenjoycheapimportsandagreaterpurchasingpowerbro
17、ughtaboutbyhighermedianwages.21. TheUSAstradedeficitofgoodshasbeenannuallyrisingforoveracentury.22. Ifitwerenotforitscontinuouslyincreasingannualtradedeficits,theUSAsannualGDPandmedianwageswouldhavebeenhigher.23. IftheUSCongressdeterminestheypracticeglobalcharily,itshouldbefundedbyallUStaxpayersequa
18、lly.24. WarrenBuffettobjectedtothesignificantdecreaseofUSAstradedeficitofgoods.25. Theself-fundingproposalisgovernmentdrivenandrequiresnoconstitutionalmendment.三、将下列中文词组译成英文26. 国民收入27. 优惠税率.28. 生活水平29. 国内生产总值30. 兼并31. 经济衰退32. 自由贸易33. 新兴工业34. 试销35. 资本市场四、将下列英语单词或词组译成中文36. jointventure37. theSpecialEc
19、onomicZone38. commercialhub39. portfolioinvestment40. countervailingduty41. macroeconomicfactors42. braintrust43. baby-boomers44. infrastructure45. OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment五、简答题Passage1Gold:lower.AfterCOminginforearlySUDDOrlonnewsofstrikeactionaffectingminesbelongingtogoldfie
20、ldsofSouthAfrica,valuesdeclinedinlinewithplatinumandNeWYorkadvicesasminerswereencouragedtoreturntoworkbymanagementpromisesofnegotiation.Thefallinoilpricesalsobroughtpressuretobearbutgoodresistanceataroundthe400dollarsperouncelevelpermittedabriefrally.However,valuessufferedalatedeclinetobelow400dolla
21、rsperounceinlinewithNewYorkasthedollarStrengthenedOnnewsOfadeclineintheU.S.budgettradeandaCUtinthebankOfJapansdiscountrate.46. Whatdoescominginforearlysupportmean?47. Whatmeaningdoesthewordadvicecarryinthegivencontext?AndwhatwereNewYorkadvices?48. ,thedollarstrengthenedonnewsofadeclineintheU.S.budge
22、ttradeandacutintheBankofJapansdiscountrate.Howcouldtheabove-mentioneddevelopmentshelpstrengthenthedollar?Passage2Inthissense,SouthKoreaistreadingapathnottakenbyJapan.WhileJapaneseinterestsspantheglobe,fewforeignfirmshavesuccessfullypenetratedJapanshometurf.Korea,loo,hasalegacyofxenophobia;andtheKore
23、ansareclearlywaryofopeningtheirmarketstohigh-poweredWesterncompetitors.Buttheyaretentativelydoingjustthat,sofarwithamomentumunmatchedbyJapan.TheaimistodefusetheprotectionistpressuresthathavehobbledU.S.-Japanesetraderelationsand,intime,toentertheranksoftheworldsdevelopednations.Thatsnosmallorder,butt
24、heKoreansthinkitcanbefilledfairlysimply.Atbottom,saysNamDueWoo,chairmanoftheKoreaTradersAssociation,SouthKoreaneedsonlysomedegreeofSWeaIandsomedegreeoftechnologicalSODhiStiCatiOn.AndthatspreciselywhathasalreadyIiftedKOreaJnC.intocontention.49. Whatdoesthewritermeanbythewordsweat?50. Whatdoestechnolo
25、gicalsophisticationrefertohere?51. CanyouexplainliftedKorea,Inc.intocontention?六、翻译题52. U.S.governmentofficialsworrythattheexplosivegrowthincountertradewillweakentheworldtradingsystem.Byconcealingtherealpricesandcostsoftransactions,saysoneU.S.traderepresentative,thevariousformsofbartermayconcealandh
26、elpperpetuateeconomicinefficienciesinthemarketplace.Bartercanalsoberiskybusiness.Manycompanies,saysDavidYoffie,sufferlossesbecausetheyrestuckwithproductsofpoorqualityorwiththewrongspecifications.Internationaltradebybarteris,accordingtosomeexperts,aninefficientandexpensivemeansofdoingbusinesscomparedtotradingwithmoney.Ontheotherhand,someotherexpertsassertthattheriseofcountertradeprovidespracticalsolutionstothedebtproblemsoftheinternationalmonetarysystem.
