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1、海洋观测预报管理条例（2012年3月1日中华人民共和 国国务院令第615号公布根据 2023年7月20日国务院关于修 改和废止部分行政法规的决定修 订）第一章总 则第一条为了加强海洋观测预 报管理，规范海洋观测预报活动， 防御和减轻海洋灾害，为经济建 设、国防建设和社会发展服务，制海洋观测预报管理条例(2023修订)RegulationontheAdministrationofOceanObservationandForecasting(2023Revision)制定机关：国务院发文字号：中华人民共和国国务院令第764号公布日期：2023.07.20施行日期:2023.07.20效力位阶：行政
2、法规法规类别：海洋资源IssuingAuthority：StateCouncilDocumentNumber：OrderNo.764oftheStateCouncilofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaDateIssued：07-20-2023EffectiveDate:07-20-20231.evelofAuthority：AdministrativeRegulationsAreaofLaw:MarineResourcesRegulationontheAdministrationofOceanObservationandForecasting(Promulgatedbyt
3、heOrderNo.615oftheStateCouncilofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaonMarch1,2012;revisedinaccordancewiththeDecisionoftheStateCounciltoAmendandRepealCertainAdministrativeRegulationsonJuly20,2023)ChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle1ThisRegulationisformulatedtostrengthentheadministrationofoceanobservationandforeca
4、sting,regulateoceanobservationandforecastingactivities,preventandmitigatemarinedisasters,andserveeconomicconstruction,nationaldefense定本条例。constructionandsocialdevelopment.Article2ThisRegulationappliestooceanobservationandforecastingactivitieswithintheterritoryofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaandotherseaar
5、easunderthejurisdictionofthePeoplesRepublicofChina.Article3Oceanobservationandforecastingisafundamentalpublicwelfareendeavor.TheStateCouncilandthelocalpeople,sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshallincludeoceanobservationandforecastingendeavorsinthenationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentp
6、lansatthecorrespondinglevel,andincorporaterequiredfundsintofiscalbudgetsatthecorrespondinglevel.Article4TheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilshalltakechargeoftheadministrationofoceanobservationandforecastingthroughoutthenation.TheofficesoftheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncildispatchedtoallsea
7、areasshall,accordingtothisRegulationandwiththepowerasprescribedbytheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncil,takechargeofthesupervisionandadministrationofoceanobservationandforecastingintheirrespectiveseaareas.第二条 在中华人民共和国领 域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海 域从事海洋观测预报活动，应当遵 守本条例。第三条海洋观测预报事业是 基础性公益事业。国务院和沿海县 级以上地方人民政府应当将海
8、洋观 测预报事业纳入本级国民经济和社 会发展规划，所需经费纳入本级财 政预算。第四条 国务院海洋主管部门 主管全国海洋观测预报工作。国务院海洋主管部门的海区派出机 构依照本条例和国务院海洋主管部 门规定的权限，负责所管辖海域的 海洋观测预报监督管理。沿海县级以上地方人民政府海洋主 管部门主管本行政区毗邻海域的海 洋观测预报工作。Theoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshalltakechargeofoceanobservationandforecastingin
9、seaareasadjacenttotheirrespectiveadministrativeregions.Article5Thestateshallencourageandsupportscientificandtechnologicalresearchregardingoceanobservationandforecasting,promoteadvancedtechnologyandequipment,cultivateoceanobservationandforecastingtalent,andimprovetheprofessionallevelofoceanobservatio
10、nandforecasting.Entitiesandindividualsthathavemadeoutstandingcontributionsinoceanobservationandforecastingshallbecommendedandrewarded.第五条国家鼓励、支持海洋 观测预报科学技术的研究，推广先 进的技术和设备，培养海洋观测预 报人才，促进海洋观测预报业务水 平的提高。对在海洋观测预报工作中作出突出 贡献的单位和个人，给予表彰和奖 励。ChapterIlPlanning,Constructionand第二章ProtectionofOceanObservationNe
11、tworks与保护海洋观测网的规划、建设Article6TheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilisresponsibleforcreatinganationaloceanobservationnetworkplan.TheoceanicdepartmentshallsolicittheopinionsofrelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncilandrelevantmilitaryorganswhencreatingthesaidplanandimplementitupontheapprovaltoitbytheS
12、tateCounciloradepartmentauthorizedbytheStateCouncil.第六条国务院海洋主管部门 负责编制全国海洋观测网规划。编 制全国海洋观测网规划应当征求国 务院有关部门和有关军事机关的意 见，报国务院或者国务院授权的部 门批准后实施。沿海省、自治区、直辖市人民政府 海洋主管部门应当根据全国海洋观 测网规划和本行政区毗邻海域的实 际情况，编制本省、自治区、直辖 市的海洋观测网规划，在征求本级 人民政府有关部门的意见后，报本 级人民政府批准实施，并报国务院 海洋主管部门备案。Theoceanicdepartmentsofthepeoplesgovernment
13、sofcoastalprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentshallcreateoceanobservationnetworkplansfortheirrespectiveprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentinaccordancewiththenationaloceanobservationnetworkplanandtheactualcircumstances
14、oftheseaareasadjacenttotheirrespectiveadministrativeregions,solicittheopinionsoftherelevantdepartmentsofthepeople,sgovernmentsatthesamelevel,andimplementtheplansuponapprovaltothembythepeoplesgovernmentsatthesamelevel,andfiletheplanswiththeoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncil.Modificationofanoceanob
15、servationnetworkplanshall,inaccordancewiththeprocedureforcreatingtheplan,besubjecttotheapprovaloftheoriginalorganthatapprovedtheplan.Article 7 Oceanobservationnetworkplansshallbecreatedundertheprinciplesofoverallplanning,highlightingkeypoints,andrationallayouttoavoidredundantconstructionanddefendnat
16、ionalsecurity.Inthecourseofcreatingoceanobservationnetworkplans,emphasisshallbeplacedoncoastalcities,densely-populatedareas,industrialparks,coastalareaswherekeyprojectsarelocated,marinedisaster-proneareasandotherimportantseaareas.Article 8 Anoceanobservationnetworkplanmainlyincludesplanningobjective
17、s,thecompositionoftheoceanobservationnetworks,theoveralllayoutandfacilitiesconstructionofoceanobservationstations(points),andsafeguardmeasures.修改海洋观测网规划，应当按照规 划编制程序报原批准机关批准。第七条编制海洋观测网规 划，应当坚持统筹兼顾、突出重 点、合理布局的原则，避免重复建 设，保障国防安全。编制海洋观测网规划，应当将沿海 城市和人口密集区、产业园区、滨 海重大工程所在区、海洋灾害易发 区和海上其他重要区域作为规划的 重点。第八条 海洋观测
18、网规划主要 包括规划目标、海洋观测网体系构 成、海洋观测站（点）总体布局及 设施建设、保障措施等内容。第九条 海洋观测网的建设应 当符合海洋观测网规划，并按照国 家固定资产投资项目建设程序组织 实施。Article 9 Oceanobservationnetworksshallbebuiltincompliancewithoceanobservationnetworkplansandaccordingtotheproceduresfortheconstructionoffixedassetinvestmentprojectsofthestate.Oceanobservationstations
19、(points)shallbebuiltincompliancewiththerelevantstandardsandtechnicalrequirementsofthestate,andconstructionqualityshallbeguaranteed.Article 10 TheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasareresponsiblefortheestablish
20、mentandadjustmentofbasicoceanobservationstations(points).Beforeestablishingoradjustinganyobservationstation(point)forwaterconservancy,weather,shippingandothermanagementneeds,adepartmentshallsolicittheopinionofthecompetentoceanicdepartment.Anyotherentityorindividualthatneedstoestablishoradjustanobser
21、vationstation(point)foractivitiessuchasproductionandscientificresearchshallundergorecordationwiththecompetentoceanicdepartmentaccordingtotheprovisionsoftheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncil.Article 11 Oceanobservationstations(points)andtheirfacilitiesareundertheprotectionoflaw,andnoentityorindivi
22、dualmaymisappropriate,impairorarbitrarilymovesuchstations(points)ortheirfacilities.海洋观测站（点）的建设应当符合 国家有关标准和技术要求，保证建 设质量。第十条国务院海洋主管部门 和沿海县级以上地方人民政府海洋 主管部门负责基本海洋观测站 （点）的设立和调整。有关主管部门因水利、气象、航运 等管理需要设立、调整有关观测站 （点）开展海洋观测的，应当事先 征求有关海洋主管部门的意见。其他单位或者个人因生产、科研等 活动需要设立、调整海洋观测站 （点）的，应当按照国务院海洋主 管部门的规定，报有关海洋主管部 门备案
23、第H一条海洋观测站（点） 及其设施受法律保护，任何单位和 个人不得侵占、毁损或者擅自移 动。第十二条 国务院海洋主管部 门、沿海县级以上地方人民政府海 洋主管部门，应当商本级人民政府 有关部门按照管理权限和国家有关 标准划定基本海洋观测站（点）的Article 12 TheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshall,accordingtotheirmanagementpower
24、sandtherelevantstatestandards,delimitthescopeofprotectionoftheoceanobservationenvironmentforbasicoceanobservationstations(points)uponnegotiationwiththerelevantdepartmentsofthepeoplesgovernmentsatthesamelevel,makeanannouncementthereon,andestablishsignpostsattheboundariesoftheprotectionscope.Thefollow
25、ingactivitiesareprohibitedinthescopeofprotectionoftheoceanobservationenvironment:1. settingupbarriersandengaginginreclamation;2. settinguphigh-frequencyelectromagneticradiationdeviceswhichaffectoceanobservation;3. conductingactivitiesthataffectoceanobservation,suchasprospectingforandexploitingminera
26、lresources,fisheries,aquaticbreeding,wastedumping,andblastingoperations;and4. otheractivitiesthatmaycausedamagetooceanobservation.海洋观测环境保护范围，予以公 告，并根据需要在保护范围边界设 立标志。禁止在海洋观测环境保护范围内进 行下列活动：（一）设置障碍物、围填海;（二）设置影响海洋观测的高频电 磁辐射装置；（三）影响海洋观测的矿产资源勘 探开发、捕捞作业、水产养殖、倾 倒废弃物、爆破等活动；（四）可能对海洋观测产生危害的 其他活动。第十三条新建、改建、扩建 建
27、设工程，应当避免对海洋观测站 （点）及其设施、观测环境造成危 害；确实无法避免的，建设单位应 当按照原负责或者批准设立、调整 该海洋观测站（点）的主管部门的 要求，在开工建设前采取增建抗干 扰设施或者新建海洋观测站（点） 等措施，所需费用由建设单位承Article13Newbuilding,renovationandexpansionconstructionprojectsshallavoidcausingdamagetooceanobservationstations(points),thefacilitiesthereof,andtheobservationenvironment;ifda
28、mageisunavoidable,constructionentitiesshall,accordingtotherequirementsofthecompetentdepartmentswhichareresponsiblefororapprovetheestablishmentoradjustmentofsuchoceanobservationstations(points),takemeasuressuchasbuildinganti-interferencefacilitiesorbuildingnewoceanobservationstations(points)beforecon
29、struction,andrequiredcostsshallbebornebyconstructionentities.thetheChapterIIIOceanObservationandCompilation,SubmissionandUseofDatathe第三章海洋观测与资料的汇交使 用Article 14 Thestatetechnicalstandards,normsandproceduresforoceanobservationshallbefollowedinoceanobservationactivities.Entitiesengagedinoceanobservatio
30、nactivitiesshallestablishqualityassurancesystemsandmeasurementmanagementsystemstostrengthenqualitycontrolovertheacquisitionandtransmissionofoceanobservationdataandensuretheauthenticity,accuracyandintegrityofsuchdata.Article 15 Devicesandequipmentusedforoceanobservationshallsatisfytherelevantproducts
31、tandards,criteriaortechnicalrequirementsofthestateforoceanobservation.担。第十四条从事海洋观测活动 应当遵守国家海洋观测技术标准、 规范和规程。从事海洋观测活动的单位应当建立 质量保证体系和计量管理体系，加 强对海洋观测资料获取和传输的质 量控制，保证海洋观测资料的真实 性、准确性和完整性。第十五条海洋观测使用的仪 器设备应当符合国家有关产品标 准、规范和海洋观测技术要求。海洋观测计量器具应当依法经计量 检定合格。未经检定、检定不合格 或者超过检定周期的计量器具，不 得用于海洋观测。对不具备检定条 件的海洋观测计量器具，应当
32、通过 校准保证量值溯源。Oceanobservationmeasuringinstrumentsshallpassmetrologicalexamination.Thoseinstrumentswhichhavenotbeenexamined,havebeenexaminedandfoundtobeo-compliant,orhaveexceededtheexaminationperiodmaynotbeusedforoceanobservation.Forthoseinstrumentswithouttheconditionsforexamination,thetraceabilityofv
33、alueshallbeensuredthroughcalibration.Article 16 Thestateshallestablishasystemofvoluntaryobservationbyshipsandplatformsatsea.Oceanobservationdevicesandequipmentthatareneededbyshipsandplatformsundertakingvoluntaryobservationtasksshallbepurchased,installedandmaintainedbytheoceanicdepartments;theownerso
34、fortheholdersoftherighttousesuchshipsandplatformsshallbecooperativeandundertakeroutinemanagementandmaintenanceduties.Article 17 Entitiesengagedinoceanobservationactivitiesshallcompileandsubmittheoceanobservationdataacquiredtothecompetentoceanicdepartmentsinaunifiedmanneraccordingtotheprovisionsofthe
35、oceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncil.TheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshallproperlystoreandmaintainoceanobservationdata,processsuchdatabytakingintoconsiderationtheneedsofeconomicconstructionandsocialdeve
36、lopment,establishoceanobservationdatabases,andrealizedatasharing.Thelawsandregulationsonmaintainingstatesecretsshallbeobservedinthecompilation,submission,storage,safekeeping,sharinganduseofoceanobservationdata.第十六条国家建立海上船 舶、平台志愿观测制度。承担志愿观测的船舶、平台所需要 的海洋观测仪器设备由海洋主管部 门负责购置、安装和维修；船舶、 平台的所有权人或者使用权人应当 予以配
37、合，并承担日常管护责任。第十七条 从事海洋观测活动 的单位应当按照国务院海洋主管部 门的规定，将获取的海洋观测资料 向有关海洋主管部门统一汇交。国务院海洋主管部门和沿海县级以 上地方人民政府海洋主管部门应当 妥善存储、保管海洋观测资料，并 根据经济建设和社会发展需要对海 洋观测资料进行加工整理，建立海 洋观测资料数据库，实行资料共 享。海洋观测资料的汇交、存储、保 管、共享和使用应当遵守保守国家 秘密法律、法规的规定。第十八条国家机关决策和防 灾减灾、国防建设、公共安全等公 益事业需要使用海洋观测资料的， 国务院海洋主管部门和沿海县级以Article 18 Ifstateorgansneedt
38、ouseoceanobservationdataformakingdecisions,preventingandmitigatingdisasters,nationaldefenseconstruction,publicsecurityorotherpublicwelfareendeavors,theoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeople,sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshallprovidesuchdatafr
39、eeofcharge.Article 19 Oceanobservationactivitiesconductedbyinternationalorganizations,foreignorganizationsorindividualswithintheterritoryofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaandotherseaareasunderthejurisdictionofthePeoplesRepublicofChinashallbegovernedbytheAdministrativeProvisionsofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaon
40、Foreign-RelatedMarineScientificResearch.WhenconductingoceanobservationactivitieswithintheterritoryofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaandotherseaareasunderthejurisdictionofthePeople,sRepublicofChina,internationalorganizations,foreignorganizationsorindividualsshallabidebythelawsandregulationsofthePeoplesRepub
41、licofChina,andmaynotendangerthenationalsecurityofthePeoplesRepublicofChina.上地方人民政府海洋主管部门应当 无偿提供。第十九条国际组织、外国的 组织或者个人在中华人民共和国领 域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海 域从事海洋观测活动，依照中华 人民共和国涉外海洋科学研究管理 规定的规定执行。国际组织、外国的组织或者个人在 中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共 和国管辖的其他海域从事海洋观测 活动，应当遵守中华人民共和国的 法律、法规，不得危害中华人民共 和国的国家安全。第二十条任何单位和个人不 得擅自向国际组织、外国的组织或 者个人
42、提供属于国家秘密的海洋观 测资料和成果；确需提供的，应当 报国务院海洋主管部门或者沿海 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府海洋 主管部门批准；有关海洋主管部门 在批准前，应当征求本级人民政府 有关部门的意见，其中涉及军事秘 密的，还应当征得有关军事机关的 同意。Article 20 Noentityorindividualmayprovideoceanobservationdataorachievementswhicharestatesecretstoanyinternationalorganization,foreignorganizationorindividualwithoutapproval.
43、EntitiesandindividualsthatneedtodososhallobtaintheapprovaloftheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilortheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareas,andtheoceanicdepartmentsshallsolicittheopinionoftherelevantdepartmentsofthepeoplesgovernmentsatthesamelevelbefo
44、reapproval.Ifmilitarysecretsareinvolved,theapprovaloftherelevantmilitaryorgansshallalsobeobtained.Chapter IV OceanForecastingArticle21TheoceanforecastingagenciessubordinatetotheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalar
45、easshallanalyzeandforecastthedevelopmenttrendofmarineconditionsandtheimpactthereof,andmakeoceanforecastingandmarinedisasteralertsonthebasisofoceanobservationdatasoastoproperlyperformoceanforecasting.TheoceanforecastingagenciessubordinatetotheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartme
46、ntsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshalldulyconsultwitheachotherregardingoceanforecastingandmarinedisasteralertssoastoimprovetheaccuracyandtimelinessofoceanforecastingandmarinedisasteralerts.Article22Oceanforecastingandmarinedisasteralertsshallbeissuedtothepublicbyth
47、eoceanforecastingagenciessubordinatetotheoceanicdepartmentundertheStateCouncilandtheoceanicdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasaccordingtotheirfunctionsandduties.Nootherentityorindividualmayreleaseoceanforecastingandmarinedisasteralertstothepublic.第四章海洋预报第二十一条
48、国务院海洋主管 部门和沿海县级以上地方人民政府 海洋主管部门所属的海洋预报机构 应当根据海洋观测资料，分析、预 测海洋状况变化趋势及其影响，及 时制作海洋预报和海洋灾害警报， 做好海洋预报工作。国务院海洋主管部门和沿海县级以 上地方人民政府海洋主管部门所属 的海洋预报机构应当适时进行海洋 预报和海洋灾害警报会商，提高海 洋预报和海洋灾害警报的准确性、 及时性Q第二十二条海洋预报和海洋 灾害警报由国务院海洋主管部门和 沿海县级以上地方人民政府海洋主 管部门所属的海洋预报机构按照职 责向公众统一发布。其他任何单位 和个人不得向公众发布海洋预报和 海洋灾害警报。第二十三条国务院有关部 门、沿海地方各
49、级人民政府和沿海Article23TherelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncil,thelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatalllevelsincoastalareas,andtherelevantdepartmentsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelincoastalareasshalltakenecessarymeasuresbasedonthemarinedisasteralertsprovidedbyoceanforecastingagencies,andinitiatetherelevantmarinedisaste
