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1、Unit2Heroes(主题语境:人与社会历史、社会与文化)核心考点课堂突破1.CaImaCIj.镇静的、沉着的v.使安静.使镇静高考佳句(2020天津卷)Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.这个深沉,温柔的声音帮这个紧张的女孩平静下来了。语境巧练I单句语法填空Frommypointofview,suchwonderfulthingswillcalmyoueasilyandgiveyouthecouragetomoveon.Thegirltookadeepbreathtocalm(she)down.Onlyifyouget(calm)cany
2、oubehavebetterintheperformance.小话题写作I在火灾面前,我们应该做的就是保持冷静。考点必记CaImdown安静下来calmsbdown使某人安静下来calmoneself(down)f自己镇静下来(DkeepZstayZremaincalm保持冷静词汇辨析CaIm“平静的,沉着的”,指无风浪或人的心情不激动。quiet“宁静的,安静的”,指没有声音,不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑,也指人“文静的,少语的Stir静止的,不动的”,指没有运动或动作的状态。SiIent”(人)沉默的,不作声的,未说出的;(物)寂静无声的”。2.generousadj.慷慨的,大方的高考佳句
3、(2020江苏卷)0neself-deprecatingcommentisagenerousandevenconfidentformofhumor.一句自嘲的话是一种慷慨的甚至自信的幽默形式。语境巧练I单句语法填空Thoughpoorerthanhissister,BIakeyisasgenerousasherthepoor.(2)It,sreallygenerousthekidtosharehistoyswithhismates.(3)ThevictimscouldneverthankthoseChineseenoughfortheir(generous).小话题写作他如此知识渊博,为人慷慨
4、,有责任心,以至于我非常尊敬和爱戴他,(2020全国I卷,书面表达)考点必记begenerouswith用大方begenerousto对大方It,sgenerousofsbtodosth某人做某事是慷慨的generosity几慷慨,大方anactofgenerosity慷慨之举generously小.慷慨地次方地3.diaractern,品格:特性:(小说、戏剧中的)人物.角色:性格;(汉)字.字体教材原句NemoisthemaincharacterinthemovieFindingNemo.(P21)尼莫是电影海底总动员中的主角。语境巧练I单句语法填空Thethree(character)i
5、ntheplayareimaginary.(2)Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionofphysical(CharaCteriStiC).(2020全国II卷,阅读理解D篇改编)Thetwinslookthesame,buttheyaredifferentcharacter.小话题写作IStePhen在秋天感到孤独,但同时也享受秋天的宁静。考点必记bedifferentinCharaCter有着不同的特性aleadingcharacter主角outofcharacter不符合某人的性格,和不相称CharaCteriSt
6、iC.特征,特性,特色。的.特有的,典型的,表示特性的名师点津ItischaracteristicOfSbtodOSth做某事是某人的典型特征,此处的characteristic可以换成typical。4.fomdvt建立,创立教材原句Heledthe1911revolutionandfoundedthefirstrepublicofChina.(P24)他领导了1911年的革命,并创立了中国的第一个共和国。语境巧练单句语法填空1BostonChildren,sMuseum,oneofthemostinfluentialchildren,smuseumsintheworld,_(found)i
7、n1913bytheScienceTeachersBureau,agroupofeducatorsdevotingthemselvestoprovidingnewresourcesforbothteachersandstudents.(2)Agoodgroupshouldbefoundedunderstanding.(3)Theschoolhasservedthecommunitysinceits(found)in1835.考点必记foundacity/club/company建起城市/俱乐部/公司foundsthon基于,把某物建立在上foundation.基础;建立;根据layafound
8、ationof打下(的)基础withoutfoundation无事实依据shake/rockthefoundationsof从根本上动摇易错辨析found建立,建造foundfounded-foundedfind找到,发现findfoundfound5.equaladj平等的,均等的湘同的;能胜任的vt比得上,敌得过n.对手,同辈.匹敌I教材原句Kingdidn,twanttobecausehebelievedblackandwhitepeopleshouldenjoyequalrights.(P24)金不想(让座),因为他认为黑人和白人应该享有平等的权利。语境巧练I单句语法填空1Aftert
9、herichmanpassedaway,hispropertywas(equal)distributedtohisthreesons.(2)Nownohuman,SabilityinthisfieldcanbeequalthatoftheAI.Theyliveandworktogetherincomplete(equal)andbrotherhood.小话题写作在经理看来,只有乔能胜任这个职位。Inthemanager*sopinion,itisnobodybutJoethatthisposition.考点必记beequalin在某方面相等beequalto与相等;胜任AequalsBin.A
10、在方面比得上Bequality.平等equally小.平等地,均等地unequal。力.不平等的名师点津“胜任”的不同表达:beequaltobeuptobesuitable/fitforbequalifiedforbecompetentforbethebestchoicefor6stmgglen.斗争,拼搏Vt搏斗,斗争:努力静扎教材原句Aftersomestruggle,blacksandwhiteswereabletosittogetheronbuses.(P24)斗争后,在公交车上黑人和白人能坐在一起了。语境巧练I单句语法填空1Ifeveryonestrugglespollution,
11、wewillhaveanenvironmentallyfriendlyworld.Theemployeesstruggledtheirrightsofhavinghighpays.Look!Thetigerisstruggling(escape)fromthecage.考点必记struggletodosth努力去做某事strugglewith/against和做斗争strugglefor为而努力/奋斗struggletoonesfeet挣扎着站起来I名师点津努力去做某事的多种表达：strivetodosthtrytodosthseektodosthtakepainstodosthspareno
12、effortstodosthpetevi.比赛.竞争教材原句Hehasalwaysbeenverystrictwithhisdaughters,trainingthemhardtocompeteagainsteachother.(P26)他对女儿们总是很严格,努力训练她们,并让她们相互竞争。语境巧练I单句语法填空Wearein(compete)withfourothercompaniesforthecontract.Workinginsucha(compete)industry,vesometimesthought?1cantdothisanymore.”Museumsmustcompetep
13、eople,ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.(2020新高考全国I卷,语法填空)小话题写作这个星期天上午8点我们将在学校操场举办第五届排球赛,详细信息如下。考点必记COmPete(withsb)forsth为某物(与某人)竞争competein参加(Dcompetition.竞争incompetitionwith和竞争competitor.竞争者competitiveMA有竞争意识的,富有竞争力的写作佳句Insuchacompetitivesociety,wemustequipourselveswithrichknowledge.在这样一个富有竞争力
14、的社会,我们必须用掌握丰富的知识武装自己。8.promotevt促进:提升,升迁;促销教材原句Healsoraisedalotofmoneytopromotemedicalresearchintobackinjuries.(P28)他还筹集了许多钱用来促进背部损伤的医学研究.语境巧练I单句语法填空Morehigh-speedrailwayswillbebuiltinthewestsoon(promote)thelocaleconomy.Throughhardwork,Roseeventuallywaspromotedamanager.(3)Thenewsofthemanager,s(promo
15、te)isalreadyknowntonearlyeveryoneintheoffice.I翻译句子I这个故事反映出一个道理,经验有助于促进卓越。考点必记promoteaproduct促销一种产品promotesbto.提升/晋升某人promotesbas.提升/晋升某人为promotefriendship增进友谊promotion.提拔,促进getpromotion/getpromoted获得晋升写作佳句1OnlyifIworkhardercanIpromotemyselfandkeepupwithOtherS.我只有更加努力才能提升自己,赶上别人。9injry.损害,伤害教材原句Heals
16、oraisedalotofmoneytopromotemedicalresearchintobackinjuries.(P28)他还筹集了许多钱用来促进背部损伤的医学研究。语境巧练I单句语法填空Becareful.You,11doyourselfinjury.(2)Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankles(injure)andthismeantnotrunningfortwoWeeksJeavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.(2OI8北京卷,阅读理解A篇)(3)Bymile17,1becameoutofbreathandtheonce
17、(injure)anklehurtbadly.(2OI8北京卷门读理解A篇)小话题写作这种新的设计可以最大限度地保护乘客以免受伤。考点必记doaninjuryto伤害,危害,对有害dosbaninjury=doaninjurytosb伤害某人injureW.受伤bebadly/seriouslyinjured严重受伤theinjured伤者词汇辨析hurt可指肉体上的轻伤,也可指感情上的挫伤。WOUnd常指在打斗中由外来暴力造成的刀伤、枪伤,程度较重。injure指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失;也多指意外事故对肉体、健康造成的伤害。harm多指对人的肉体或精神上带来的伤害。mitv犯
18、（错误或罪）;做（坏事）教材原句0fcourse,I,vehadmomentsoffeelingsorryformyself,butveneverhadanythoughtsofcommittingsuicide.(P28)当然,有时我确实感到遗憾,但从未有过自杀的念头。语境巧练I用所给词的适当形式填空IAftergraduation,Brucecommitted(he)tochangingpeopleSlifeinthewest.TheschoolsthatIvisitinNottinghamarefullofexperiencedstaffcommittedto(give)ourchild
19、renacaringandinspiringlearningenvironment.(3)1wasimpressedbytheenergyand(commit)shownbytheplayers.小话题写作I乔治喜欢演奏这种乐器,并且致力于去练习。Georgelovesplayingtheinstrument,andheit.考点必记COmmitmUrder/suicide谋杀/自杀commitanerror做错事commitcrime犯罪commitoneselfto(doing)sth保证(做)某事;致力于(做)某事becommittedtoprison被关进监狱becommittedto
20、doingsth致力于做某事Commitment.承诺,诺言;承担的义务makeacommitmenttosb向某人承诺名师点津1表示“致力于做某事”的短语还有：bededicatedindoingsthapplyoneselftodoingsthbedevotedtodoingsthbeabsorbedindoingsth1LiiivoIvevt.涉及.参与;牵涉.牵连;包括.包含教材原句Howdidyougetinvolvedwithcharitywork?(P28)你是怎样参与到慈善事业中去的？语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空I(DThereisagoodsociallifeinthevi
21、llage,andIwish1hadasecondchancetobecomemore_(involve).(2018江苏卷,单项填空)RObinSonassessedparental(involve)performanceandfoundoneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowastopunishtheirchildrenforpoormarks.小话题写作上周我们学校举办了成人礼,活动主要包括成长点滴回顾、观看校友勇敢与疾病作斗争的事迹录像等。考点必记involveSbin(doing)sth参加,参与get/beinvolvedin卷入,专注于b
22、einvolvedwith关注,和有关系involvedadj.复杂的;纠缠的;有关的involvement九参与,加入;沉迷写作佳句1Frommypointofview,ateacherissupposedtotrytoinvolveasmanystudentsaspossibleintheclassactivities.依我的观点,老师应该尽力让尽可能多的学生参与到课堂活动中。12 .giveup放弃教材原句Haveyouthoughtofgivingupaftertheaccident?（P28）事故发生后,你想过放弃吗？语境巧练I单句语法填空Irenesaid,uIdon,tseean
23、yreasontogivework.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemadeovertheyears.”（2019全国II卷,语法填空）Bodylanguagecangivealotaboutyourmood,sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.（3）ItannoysWeltythat,at78,herleftearhasnowgiven.AtfirstRobertwouldntlethisdaughtergodivi
24、ng,buteventuallyhegaveasshewassoconfidentaboutherSkillS.（2018天津卷,单项填空）小话题写作陈薇作为一名医生和军人,她从未向困难低过头,哪怕是在极端危险的处境中。考点必记giveaway颁发（奖品）;捐赠,赠送;放弃（机会等）;泄露（秘密等）giveoff放出（气味、热、光等）givein屈服,投降;提交（+tosb）giveout分发,分配;发表;散发;精疲力竭用尽;出故障givewayto撤退;让步,让路;让优先giveback归还;恢复;反射（光、声音等）giveSbalift让某人搭便车写作佳句1NeverwillIgiveup
25、evenifIfailmanytimes.即使失败多次,我也绝不放弃。13 .cometo达到某种状态:苏醒过来:谈到教材原句Fourdaysaftertheinjury,!cametounderstandmysituation.（P28）受伤四天后,我就开始理解自己的处境了。语境巧练I单句语法填空1（DTheengineercame（realize）howimportantitwastolearnhowtooperateanAI.ShOUldyoucomewastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.（2018浙江卷,七选五）（3）Wearesofond
26、ofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenit（come）tobrainpower,moremustbebetter.（2019江苏卷任务型阅读）小话题写作1更为重要的是,我们开始意识到向各种困难挑战自我是我们的责任。（2020.新高考全国I卷,书面表达）考点必记cometofeel/realize/understand开始感觉到/意识到/理解cometoanend结束cometoadecision做出决定whenitcomesto(doing)sth当谈及(做)某事comeacross偶然遇见:被理解comeabout发生comeon上场;加油;得了吧
27、comeout出版;出现;结果是名师点津1表示“发生;出版”等词义的come相关短语无被动结构,通常只使用主动进行表达,如comeabout,comeout14.where引导宾语从句教材原句AsYangLiweireturnedintotheearth,satmosphere,helicopterswereflyingtoWherehewouldlandjeadytocollecthim.(P23)当杨利伟返回地球大气层的时候,直升机已经在飞往他着陆地点的途中,准备接他。语境巧练I单句语法填空AbOUttwohourslaterthechildrenreturnedtotheyputthei
28、rfd.Thelibraryisbeingbuiltinusedtobeapond.Theyhavetransformedthemselvesintoplacesyoucandevelopyourloveofknowledge,meetinterestingpeople,orfindouthowtostartabusiness.(2020天津卷,阅读理解A制小话题写作她发现了一把锋利的刀,用它可以把盒子打开。考点必记句中wherehewouldland为where引导的宾语从句,做介词to的宾语,where在宾语从句中充当状语。名师点津注意宾语从句和定语从句的区别:介词后接宾语从句表示的是介词
29、连接的内容,而“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句则是对前面的先行词进行修饰和限制。注意关系副词引导宾语从句和关系副词引导状语从句时的区别:介词后接宾语从句时，宾语从句作为整体充当介词宾语,而关系副词引导状语从句则在句中修饰谓语动词或副词等。15t00.t0句型教材原句IYangLiweiwashappytobehomebuthesaid,Ithought21hourswastooshorttostayinSPaCe（P23）返回地面的杨利伟很高兴,但他说:“我觉得在太空只停留21个小时真是太短暂了。”语境巧练单句语法填空1Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanforty
30、milesacrossmuchhugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundIeVeL（2019江苏卷,阅读理解B篇）Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,anditSneverearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyandmeaningfulcollegeexperience。到北京卷,语法填空）小话题写作我们的邻居Frank先生一直都非常乐意去帮助那些贫穷的孩子,这一点所有人都表示赞赏。考点必
31、记too+adj.Iadv.+(forSb)todo常用以表示“(对某人来说)太而不能”,肯定结构表达否定意义。名师点津1下面几种情况下tooto.结构的意义：too.to.和表示人的心理状态的形容词连用,表示肯定意义。此类词有happy,glad,ready,anxious,eager,willing,pleased,thankful等。把never/not等否定词放在too前,表示肯定。Cannottoo.(to.)表示“越越好;再也不为过“。16.动词ing形式做状语教材原句Hehasalwaysbeenverystrictwithhisdaughters,trainingthemhar
32、dtocompeteagainsteachOther.(P26)他对女儿们总是很严格,努力训练她们,并让她们相互竞争。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空IHiSteacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,(whisper)SUPPort.(2019全国I卷，阅读理解B篇)(2)Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,(allow)evenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.(2019全国I卷,七选五)小话题写作当听见他们老师的声音时,学生们立
33、刻停止了谈话。考点必记此处动词-加g形式做状语表示伴随状况,动词形式和句子主语之间为主动关系。动词-加g形式做状语除了表示伴随状况之外,还常表示时间、原因、让步、结果、条件等。名师点津动词-加g形式做状语常可改为一个从句。当做状语的动词-加g形式的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生,则常用其完成形式havingdone.17.not）nly.butalso.句型教材原句ThisnotonlydrewpublicattentiontoresearchintobackinjuriesbutalsoencouragedalotofpeoplelivingwithallkindsOfPrOblems.（P28
34、）这不仅引起了公众对背部受伤问题的关注,还鼓舞了很多有各种问题的人。语境巧练完成句子1通过这样做,我不仅能和别人分享好的想法,也能学会清晰地表达自己的观点。Bydoingso,IcansharegoodideaswithothersbutalsoIeamtoexpressmyselfclearly.你将不仅帮助我们的年轻志愿者的个人发展,也将学会新的技能,提高你的文化意识。ouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,you,11alsoIeamnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.（用部分倒装句）（2019北京卷四读
35、理解A篇）小话题写作劳动不仅锻炼了我们的身体,还让我们懂得珍惜劳动成果。考点必记notonly.butalso.在句中连接两个并列成分。notonly.butalso连接并列主语时谓语动词的人称和数应用“就近一致”原则来确定。notonly放在句首时,句子常用部分倒装语序。写作佳句1NotonlycantheAIhelpwiththehousework,itcanalsocommunicatewithyou.这台人工智能不仅能帮着干家务活,它还能和你交流。随堂巩固迁移运用I.单句语法填空1.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridge
36、ssaidtheonlygoalwastoshow_（generous）andSymPathy.（2019浙江卷,阅读理解B篇）!.Althoughshe（found）hercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasntdrivenprimarilybyPrOfit.（2019北京卷,阅读理解B篇）3 .Matilda,Sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress,MissTrunchbulLare（equal）funnyandfrightening,butthey,realsoaspirational.（2019全国II卷,
37、阅读理解A篇）4 .Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggledebtandmisfortune.（2019天津卷,阅读理解D篇）1.1 wasturneddowneverywhere,exceptatonepublisher,ayoungwomantoldmeIWaSntverygood.（2020全国11I卷,听力）6 .Anursecanneverbepatienttotreatpatients.7 .Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninterest
38、ing_（compete）towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.（2019全国In卷,语法填空）8 .Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch“wheretheglowwouldfadeexposedtodaylight.（2020SII卷,阅读理解D篇）9.ItwasMr.ZhangmademeperceivetheimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.10.Anxiously1wenttobeddreamingaboutIwouldfindatthetopofthis
39、magicalmountain。18天津卷,阅读表达）11选短语填空letout,inone,sopinion,competeagainst,giveup,pullthrough,getonwellwith,cometoanendInmostcases,competitorswill1.eachotherfiercelyinthematch.2.,myclassmateMarkisagoodathlete.But,unfortunately,inlastSunday,sfootballmatch,hefelldown,injuredhisfootand3ascream,buthedidnt4.
40、Whenthematch5.,hecouldn,tmovehisfootforaninchatall.lreallyhopeMarkwill6.hisstudyafterhe7.in.根据汉语提示补全短文内容EveryathletewantstotakepartintheOlympicGamesandbecomeahero,l.（这对他们来说是种非常重要的时刻）.2.（尽管他们都知道取得成功不容易）,theystilltakeitseriouslyand3.（对他们自己很有信心）.Unfortunately,4.（并不是所有的运动员都可以参加奥林匹克运动会）.Weadmirethoseathl
41、etes5.（为祖国做出贡献的人）,andtheyalsodeserveourcongratulations.Unit2Heroes核心考点课堂突破1 .downherselfCaImerWhatweshoulddoiskeepcalminthefaceofthefire.2 .to（2）ofgenerosityHeissoknowledgeable,generousandresponsiblethatIrespectandlovehimsomuch.3 .（DcharacterscharacteristicsinItischaracteristicofStephentofeellonelyi
42、nautumnandenjoyitspeaceinthemeanwhile.4 .WaSfoundedOnfoundation5 .equallytoequalityisequalto6 .against/Withfortoescape7 .COmPetitioncompetitiveforWearegoingtoholdthe5thVolleyballCompetitionat8:00amthisSundayontheschoolplayground,andthefollowingisthedetailedinformation.8 .topromote（2）topromotionThest
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