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1、Lesson2SectionONE:Task1:FilmEditingInterviewer:IsfilmeditingaComplicatedjob?FilmEditor:Ohyes,alotofpeopleprobablydontknowhowcomplicatedajobitcanbe.It,sfarmorethanjuststickingpiecesoffilmtogether.Interviewer:Howlongdoesittaketoeditafilm?FilmEditor:Well,itdepends.Youcanprobablyexpecttoedita1O-minutefi
2、lminaboutaweek.A35-minutedocumentary,liketheoneImeditingatpresent,takesaminimumoffourtofiveweekstoedit.Interviewer:Canyouexplaintomehowfilmeditingworks?FilmEditor:Therearedifferentsteps.Synchingup,forexample.Interviewer:Whatdoyoumeanbysynchingup?FilmEditor:Itmeansmatchingsoundandpicturesandthatisusu
3、allydonebymyassistant.Thefilmandthesoundtapehavenumbersstampedalongtheedgewhichhavetobematched.Thedetailsofthefilmandthesoundarealsorecordedinalogbook,soitsquickandeasytofindaparticulartakeanditssoundtrack.Thisoperationiscalledloggingandisagaindonebymyassistant.Interviewer:Sowhatdoyouusuallydoyourse
4、lf?FilmEditor:Alotofthings,ofcourse.First,Ihavetoviewallthematerialtomakeafirstselectionofthebesttakes.Theresalotoffilmtolookthroughbecausetomakeasequenceworkthewayyouwant,youneedalotofshotstochoosefrom.Interviewer:Doesthatmeanthatyouhavetodiscardsequences?FilmEditor:Ohyes.Onaverageforeveryfootofedi
5、tedfilm,youneedtwelvetimesasmuchuneditedfilmandthereforeyouhavetocompromiseand,ofcourse,discardsomeofit.Interviewer:Whatdoyoudoafterselectingthematerial?FilmEditor:Firstofall,Iprepareaninitialversionofthefilm,aroughcutasitiscalled.ThatmeansthatIactuallycutthefilmintopiecesandstickthemtogetheragainin
6、theneworder.Interviewer:Andafterthisroughcut*whathappens?FilmEditor:Well,aftertheroughcutcomesthe,finecutwhenthefilmtakesitsfinalform.Theproducerand(hedirectorcomeinforaviewing.Somesmallchangesmaythenbenecessary,butwhenthefinecuthasbeenapprovedbyeveryone,thisisthefinalversionofthefilm.Interviewer:At
7、thispointisthefilmreadyfordistribution?FilmEditor:Ohno.Afterthefinalversionofthefilmhasbeenapproved,thereisthedubbing,therearevoices,music,backgroundnoisesandsometimesspecialeffectstobeputtogetherforthesoundtrack.Andafterthedubbing,theeditedfilmissenttothe,negcutters.Interviewer:Whatdothe,neg,cutter
8、sdo?FilmEditor:Theycuttheoriginalnegativesonthefilms,sothatthesematchtheeditedfilmexactly.AndafterallthatcomesthebestpartIcansitdownquietlywithmyfeetupandenjoywatchingthefilm!Man:Hi.Woman:Hi.Man:Whatdyoudolastnight?Woman:IwatchedTV.TherewasareallygoodmoviecalledSoylentGreen.Man:SoylentGreen?Woman:Ye
9、ah.CharltonHestonwasinit.Man:Whatsitabout?Woman:Oh,itsaboutlifeinNewYorkintheyear2022.Man:IwonderifNewYorkwillstillbeherein2022.Woman:Inthismovie,in2022.Man:Yeah?Woman:.NewYorkhasfortymillionpeople.Man:Ouch!Woman:Andtwentymillionofthemareunemployed.Man:HowmanypeopleliveinNewYorknow?Aboutsevenoreight
10、million?Woman:Yeah,Ithinkthat,sright.Man:Mm-hmm.Youknow,ifit,shardenoughtofindanapartmentnowinNewYorkCity,whatsitgoingtobelikein2022?Woman:Well,inthismoviemostpeoplehavenoapartment.Sothousandssleeponthestepsofbuildings.(Uh-huh.)Peoplewhodohaveaplacetolivehavetocrawloversleepingpeopletogetinside.Andt
11、hereareshortagesofeverything.Thesoilissopollutedthatnothingwillgrow.(Ooo.)Andtheairissopollutedtheyneverseethesun.Itsreallyawful.Man:IthinkmgoingtoavoidgoingtoNewYorkCityintheyear2022.Woman:Andtherewasthisscenewherethestar,CharltonHeston,goesintoahousewheresomeveryrichpeoplelive.Man:Uh-huh.Woman:Hec
12、an,tbelieveit,becausetheyhaverunningwaterandtheyhavesoap.Man:Really?Woman:Andthenhegoesintothekitchenandtheyhavetomatoesandlettuceandbeef.Healmostcriesbecausehe,sneverseenrealfoodinhislife,youknow,especiallythebeef.Itwasamazingforhim.Man:Well,ifmostpeoplehavenorealfood,whatdotheyeat?Woman:Theyeatsom
13、ethingcalledsoylent.Man:Soylent?Woman:Yeah.Theressoylentredandsoylentyellowandsoylentgreen.Thefirsttwoaremadeoutofsoybeans.Butthesoylentgreenismadeoutofoceanplants.(Ugh.)Thepeopleeatitlikecrackers.Thatsalltheyhavetoeat.Man:Thatsoundsdisgusting.Woman:Well,youknow,itreallyisn,tthatfarfromreality.Man:N
14、o?Woman:Yeah.Because,youknowthegreenhouseeffectthatsbeginningnowandheatinguptheearth.Man:Oh,yeah,Iveheardaboutthat.Woman:.becausewereputtingthepollutantsintheatmosphere,youknow?Man:Mm-hmm.Woman:Imean,inthismovieNewYorkhasninetydegreesweatherallyearlong.Anditcouldreallyhappen.Uh.likenow,we.wehavefuel
15、shortages.Andinthemoviethere,ssolittleelectricitythatpeoplehavetoridebicyclestomakeit.Man:Youknowsomething?Idon,tthinkthatmovieisatruepredictionofthefuture.Woman:Idontknow.Itscaresme.Ithinkitmightbe.Man:Really?Woman:Well,yeah.SectionTwo:Task1:AmericanIndiansThenativeAmericans,thepeoplewecalltheIndia
16、ns,hadbeeninAmericaformanythousandsofyearsbeforeChristopherColumbusarrivedin1492.ColumbusthoughthehadarrivedinIndia,sohecalledthenativepeopleIndians.TheIndianswerekindtotheearlysettlers.Theywerenotafraidofthemandtheywantedtohelpthem.Theyshowedthesettlersthenewworldaroundthem;theytaughtthemaboutthelo
17、calcropslikesweetpotatoes,comandpeanuts;theyintroduced(heEuropeanstochocolateandtotheturkey;andtheEuropeansdidbusinesswiththeIndians.Butsoonthesettlerswantedbiggerfarmsandmorelandforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.MoreandmoreimmigrantswerecomingfromEuropeandallthesepeopleneededland.SotheEuropeansstartedt
18、otakethelandfromtheIndians.TheIndianshadtomovebackintothecentreofthecontinentbecausethesettlersweretakingalltheirland.TheIndianscouldntunderstandthis.TheyhadaverydifferentideaoflandfromtheEuropeans.FortheIndians,theland,theearth,wastheirmother.Everythingcamefromtheirmother,theland,andeverythingwentb
19、acktoit.Thelandwasforeveryoneanditwasimpossibleforonemantoownit.HowcouldtheWhiteMandividetheearthintoparts?Howcouldheputfencesroundit,buyitandsellit?Naturally,whentheWhiteManstartedtakingalltheIndiansland,theIndiansstartedfightingback.Theywantedtokeeptheirland,theywantedtostoptheWhiteMantakingitallf
20、orhimself.ButtheWhiteManwasstrongerandcleverer.SlowlyhepushedtheIndiansintothosepartsofthecontinentthathedidntwantthepartswhereitwastoocoldortoodryortoomountainoustolivecomfortably.By1875theIndianshadlostthefight:theywerelivinginspecialplacescalledreservations.ButevenheretheWhiteMantooklandfromthemp
21、erhapshewantedthewood,orperhapsthelandhadimportantmineralsinit,orheevenwantedtomakenationalparksthere.SoevenontheirreservationstheIndianswerenotsafefromtheWhiteMan.TherearemanyHollywoodfilmsaboutthefightbetweentheIndiansandtheWhiteMan.UsuallyinthesefilmstheIndiansarebadandtheWhiteManisgoodandbrave.B
22、utwasitreallylikethat?Whatdoyouthink?DoyouthinktheIndianswererightorwrongtofighttheWhiteMan?Task2:NewAustraliansInterviewer:Today,therearemorethan15millionpeoplelivinginAustralia.Only160,000oftheseareAborigines,sowherehavetherestcomefrom?Well,until1850mostofthesettlerscamefromBritainandIrelandand,as
23、weknow,manyofthesewereconvicts.Thenin1851somethinghappenedwhichchangedeverything.GoldwasdiscoveredinsoutheasternAustralia.Duringthenexttenyears,nearly700,000peoplewenttoAustraliatofindgoldandbecomerich.ManyofthemwereChinese.ChinaisquiteneartoAustralia.Sincethenmanydifferentgroupsofimmigrantshavegone
24、toAustraliaformanydifferentreasons.TodayI,mgoingtotalktoMariowhosefamilycamefromItalyandtoHelenafromGreece.Mario,whendidthefirstItaliansarriveinAustralia?Mario:ThefirstItalianswentthere,liketheChinese,inthegold-rushes,hopingtofindgoldandbecomerich.Butmanyalsowentthereforpoliticalreasons.Duringthe185
25、0sand1860sdifferentstatesinItalywerefightingforindependenceandsomeItalianswereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandsbecausetheywereindangerofbeingputinprisonforpoliticalreasons.Interviewer:IbelievetherearealotofItaliansinthesugarindustry.Mario:Yes,thatsright.In1891thefirstgroupof300Italianswenttoworkinthesugar
26、canefieldsofnorthernAustralia.Theyworkedveryhardandmanysavedenoughmoneytobuytheirownland.InthiswaytheycametodominatethesugarindustryonmanypartsoftheQueenslandcoast.Interviewer:ButnotallItaliansworkinthesugarindustry,dothey?Mario:No.Alolofthemareinthefishingindustry.Italyhasalongcoastline,asyouknow,a
27、ndItalianshavealwaysbeengdfishermen.AttheendofthenineieenthcenturysomeofthesewenttowesternAustraliatomakeanewlifeforthemselves.Again,manyofthem,includingmygrandfather,weresuccessful.Interviewer:AndwhatabouttheGreeks,Helena?Helena:Well,theGreeksarethefourthlargestnationalgroupinAustralia,aftertheBrit
28、ish,theIrishandtheItalians.MostGreeksarrivedaftertheSecondWorldWarbutinthe1860stherewerealreadyabout500GreekslivinginAustralia.Interviewer:SowhendidthefirstGreeksarrive?Helena:Probablyin1830,theywenttoworkinvineyardsinsoutheasternAustralia.TheGreekshavebeenmakingwineforcenturiessotheirexperiencewasv
29、eryvaluable.Interviewer:Butdidntsomeofthemgointothecoalmines?Helena:Yes,theywerentallabletoenjoythepleasantoutdoorlifeofthevineyards.SomeofthemwenttoworkinthecoalminesinSydney.Othersstartedcafesandbarsandrestaurants.By1890therewereGreekcafesandrestaurantsalloverSydneyandoutinthecountryside(orthebush
30、,astheAustralianscallit)aswell.Interviewer:Andthen,asyousaid,manyGreeksarrivedaftertheSecondWorldWar,didntthey?Helena:Yes,yes,thatsright.ConditionsinGreecewereverybad:therewasverylittleworkandmanypeoplewereverypoor.Australianeededmoreworkersandsoofferedtopaytheboatfare.Peoplewhoalreadyhadmembersofth
31、eirfamilyinAustraliatookadvantageofthisofferandwenttofindabetterlifethere.Interviewer:Well,thankyou,MarioandHelena.NextweekwewillbetalkingtoJuanfromSpainandMargaretfiomScotland.SectionThree:Task1:LearningtoPredict:(I)A:Itdoesntsoundmuchlikedancingtome.B: Itis;itsgreat.A:MorelikesomecompetitionintheO
32、lympicGames.C: Yeah.Its(pause)goodexercise.Keepsyoufit.(2) A:Butyoucantjuststartdancinginthestreetlikethat.8: Whynot?Wetaketheportablecassetterecorderandwhenwefindanicestreet,we(pause)turnthemusicupreallyloudandstartdancing.(3) A:Wehavecompetitionstoseewhocandoitthefastestwithoutfallingover.Malc,sth
33、ewinnersofar.B:Yeah,mthebest.Iteachtheothersbut(pause)theycantdoitlikemeyet.(4) A:Yourereadinganewbook,John?B:Yes.Actually,(pause)itsaveryoldbook.(5) A:Now,canyoudeliverallthistomyhouse?8: Certainly.Just(pause)writeyouraddressand1Igettheboytobringthemround.(6) A:Gd.vemadeanicecurry.Ihopeyoudolikecur
34、ry?8: Yes,Ilovecurry,IusedtoworkinIndia,asamatteroffact.A:Really?Howinteresting.Youmust(pause)tellusallaboutitoverdinner.Task2:Dictation:TheFoolishFrogOnceuponatimeabig,fatfroglivedinatinyshallowpond.Hekneweveryplantandstoneinit,andhecouldswimacrossiteasily.Hewasthebiggestcreatureinthepond,sohewasve
35、ryimportant.Whenhecroaked,thewatersnailslistenedpolitely.Andthewaterbeetlesalwaysswambehindhim.Hewasveryhappythere.Oneday,whilehewascatchingflies,aprettydragonflypassedby.,Ybureaveryfinefrog,shesang,butwhydontyouliveinabiggerpond?Cometomypond.Youllfindalotoffrogsthere.You,llmeetsomefinefish,andyoull
36、seethedangerousducks.Andyoumustseeourlovelywaterlilies.Lifeinalargepondiswonderful!*tPerhapsitisratherdullhere,thoughtthefoolishfrog.Sohehoppedafterthedragonfly.Buthedidntlikethebig,deeppond.Itwasfullofstrangeplants.Thewatersnailswererudetohim,andhewasafraidoftheducks.Thefishdidntlikehim,andhewasthe
37、smallestfrogthere.Hewaslonelyandunhappy.Hesatonawaterlilyleafandcroakedsadlytohimself,Idontlikeithere.Ithinkllgohometomorrow.Butahungryheronflewdownandswallowedhimupforsupper.KeytoExercise:1.esson2SectionITaskl:FilmEditingA. TrueorFalseQuestions.IT:TFTFB. Fillinthefollowingblankstogiveaclearpictureo
38、fwhatneedstobedonebeforeafilmisreadyfordistribution.1. Theassistant:a. ”SynchingUr)”whichmeansmatchingSe)UndandDiCtUreSaccordingtothenumbersStamDedalongtheedgeOfthefilmandSOUndtape.b. ”Logging“whichmeansrecordingthedetailversionofthefilmandthesoundinalogbook.2. Thefilmeditor:a. MakeafirlSeleCtiOnOft
39、hebesttakes.b. PreDarea“roughCUj-aninitialVerSionOfthefilm.c. PreDare【hefinecut”-IhefinalformOfthefilm.3. Others:a. Approvethefinecut.b. ”Dubbingwhichmeansvoices,music,backgroundnoisesandSomeHnIeSspecialeffectsareDUltogether.c. Theneg”CUtterSCUttheOriginalnegativesonIhefilmSOthatIheSematchIheeditedf
40、ilmexactly.Task2:AVisionoftheFutureA. Choosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingquestions.1-6:abacccB. TrueofFalseQuestions.14:TFTFC. FillintheblankstogiveaclearpictureoftheproblemsNewYorkfacesinthemovie.1. 40million2. havenoaparlment,SleeDOntheSteDSOfIhebuilding,crawloversleepingpeopletogetinside.3.
41、nothingWillgrow,theyneverSeethesun.4. soylent:SOylenIred,SOylentyellow,andSoYIentgreen.2,Soybeans,SoyIenlgreen,oceanplants.5. 90degree.6. electricity,ridebicyclestomakeit.SectionIITask1:AmericanIndiansA. Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.1. 1492.2. HethoughtthathehadarrivedinIndia.3. Theywerekindto
42、themandwantedtohelp.4. (I)Theywantedbiggerfarmsandmorelandforthemselves;(2)MoreimmigrantscamefromEurope.5. Itwastheirmother.Everythingcamefromandwentbacktotheirmother.Anditwasforeverybody.6. Theystartedfightingback.7. By1875theIndianshadlostthefightandhadtolivein“reservations.8. TheIndiansarebadandt
43、heWhitemanisgoodandbraveinHollywoodfilms.B. Choosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingquestions.14:acbcTask2:NewAustraliansA. Identification:1. (1)(d),(2)(b),(3)-(a),(4)-(c)2. (a)moreIhan15million,(b) 160,OO0,(c) theyear1851,(d) 700,000B. TrueorFalsequestions.16:FTFFTTC. Fillintheblankswitheventsconne
44、ctedwiththefollowingtimeexpressions.1. Italiansa. the1850sand1860s:DifferenlStateUinItalyWerefightingforindependenceandsomeItalianswenttoAustraliaforpoliticalreasons.Someotherswentthereforgold.b. 1891:Thefir”groupOf300ItaIianSWentloWorkintheSUgar-CanefieldsOfnorthernAUSIralia.c. Theendofthe19,hcentu
45、ry:SOmegoodItalianfishermenWenlIoWeSternAUSIralia.2. Greeksa. 1830:ThefirstGreekSWenttOWOrkinVineyardSinSoUth-easternAUStralia.b. The1860s;ThereWereabout500GreekSinAustralia.c. 1890;ThereWereGreekCafeSandrestaurantsallOVerSydneyandOUlinIheCoUntrySide.d. AfterWWII:ManyGreekSarrivedinAUSIralia.Section
46、IIITask1:LearningtoPredict1. Answer:It,sgoodexercise.Keepsyoufit.Reason:Thewordyeah”suggeststhattheboywillsaysomethinginagreementwiththewoman,scomment.2. Answer:Weturnthemusicupreallyloudandstartdancing.Reason:Thephraset4whynot“suggeststhattheboyswillsimplydanceinthestreet.3. Answer:Theycan,tdoitlik
47、emeyet.Reason:Thewordbut”suggestsanoppositemeaning.4. Answer:It,saveryoldbook.Reason:Theword“actually“alsosuggestsanoppositemeaning.5. Answer:Writedownyouraddressandllgettheboytobringthemround.Reason:Theconversationtakesplaceinastore.Ifthestoreowneragreestodeliverthegoods,theonlythinghewantstoknowwi
48、llbetheaddressofthecustomer.6. Answer:Tellusallaboutitoverdinner.Reason:Thewomansoundsverymuchinterestedintheman,sexperience.Soshewillcertainlyaskthemantotellhersomethingaboutit.Task2:DictationTheFoolishFrogOnceuponatimeabig,fatfroglivedinatinyshallowpond.Hekneweveryplantandstoneinit,andhecouldswimacrossiteasily.Hewasthebiggestcreatureinthepond,sohewasveryimportant.Whenhecroaked,thewater-snailslistenedpolitely.Andthewa
