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1、中华人民共和国高等教育法（2018修正）发文机关：全国人民代表大会常务委员会发布日期,2018.12.29Promulgatedby：StandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeoplesCongressPromulgationDate：2018.12.29生效日期:2018.12.29EffectiveDate：2018.12.29时效性：现行有效ValidityStatus：valid中华人民共和国高等敕育法（2018HigherEducationLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChina(Amendedin2018)修正）(Adoptedatthe4
2、thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeofthe9th（1998年8月29日第九届全NationalPeoplesCongressonAugust9,1998,amendedforthefirsttimeinaccordancewiththeDecisiononRevisingtheHigher国人民代表大会常务委员会第四次EducationLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaadoptedat18th会议通过根据2015年12月27日SessionoftheStandingCommitteeofthe12thNationalPeoplesCon
3、gressonDecember27,2015,andamendedforthesecond第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委timeinaccordancewiththeDecisiononRevisionofFourLaws员会第十八次会议关于修改中IncludingtheElectricPowerLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaadoptedatthe7thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeofthe13th华人民共和国高等教育法的决NationalPeoplesCongressonDecember29,2018)1/26定第一次修正根据20
4、18年12月29日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议关于修改中华人民共和国电力法等四部法律的决定第二次修正）第一章总则ChapterIGeneralProvisions第一条为了发展高等教育事Article1ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandtheEducationLawwithaviewtodeveloping业，实施科教兴国战略，促进社会highereducation,implementingthestrategyofdevelopingthe主义物质文明和精神文明建设，根countrybyrelyingonsci
5、enceandeducation,andpromotingsocialistmaterialandethicalprogress.WoltersKluwer威科先行Q法律信息库据宪法和教育法，制定本法。第二条在中华人民共和国境内从事高等教育活动，适用本法。本法所称高等教育，是指在完Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to higher education conducted within the territory of the Peoples Republic of China. For purposes of this Law, higher ed
6、ucation means education conducted on the basis of completion of senior middleschool education.成高级中等教育基础上实施的教育。第三条国家坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论为指导，遵循宪法确定的基本原Article 3 In developing socialist higher education, the State adheres to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory as its guide a
7、nd follows the basic principles laid down in the Constitution.则，发展社会主义的高等教育事业。第四条高等教育必须贯彻国 家的教育方针，为社会主义现代化 建设服务、为人民服务，与生产劳 动和社会实践相结合，使受教育者 成为德、智、体、美等方面全面发Article 4 Higher education shall be conducted in adherence to the educational principles of the State, in the service of the socialist modernizati
8、on drive and the people and in combination with productive labor and social practice, in order that the educatees shall become the socialist builders and successors, who are developed in an all-round way- morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically.展的社会主义建设者和接班人。第五条高等教育的任务是培 养具有社会责任感、创新精神和
9、实 践能力的高级专门人才，发展科学 技术文化，促进社会主义现代化建Article 5 The task of higher education is to train people to become senior specialists imbued with the sense of social responsibility, the spirit of creativeness and the ability of practice, to develop science, technology and culture and to promote the socialist mode
10、rnization drive.设。第六条国家根据经济建设和 社会发展的需要，制定高等教育发 展规划，举办高等学校，并采取多 种形式积极发展高等教育事业。国家鼓励企业事业组织、社会 团体及其他社会组织和公民等社会Article6Inlightoftheneedofeconomicandsocialdevelopment,theStateformulatesplansforthedevelopmentofhighereducation,runshighereducationinstitutionsandpromoteshighereducationinvariousways.TheStateen
11、couragesallsectorsofsociety,includingenterprises,institutions,publicorganizationsorgroupsaswellasindividualcitizens,torunhighereducationinstitutionsinaccordancewithlawandtoparticipateinandsupportthereformanddevelopmentofhighereducation.力量依法举办高等学校，参与和支持高等教育事业的改革和发展。第七条国家按照社会主义现Article7Inlightofthenee
12、dsofthesocialistmodernizationdriveandofdevelopmentofasocialistmarketeconomy,the代化建设和发展社会主义市场经济State,onthebasisofthedifferenttypesandlevelsofthe的需要，根据不同类型、不同层次existinghighereducationinstitutions,advancestherestructuringofhighereducationandthereformofteaching高等学校的实际，推进高等教育体inhighereducationinstitution
13、s,andoptimizesthestructure制改革和高等教育教学改革，优化ofhighereducationandthedistributionofresources,inordertoimprovethequalityandincreasetheefficiencyofhigher高等教育结构和资源配置，提高高education.等教育的质量和效益。第八条国家根据少数民族的Article8TheState,inlightofthecharacteristicsandneedsoftheethnicgroups,assistsandsupportsthedevelopmentof特点和
14、需要，帮助和支持少数民族highereducationinregionsinhabitedbyethnicpeoplesfor地区发展高等教育事业，为少数民thepurposeoftrainingseniorspecialistsamongthem.族培养高级专门人才。第九条公民依法享有接受高Article9Citizensshall,inaccordancewithlaw,enjoytherighttoreceivehighereducation.TheStatetakesmeasurestoenable等教育的权利。studentswhocomefromamongethnicgroupsa
15、ndstudentswhohavefinancialdifficultiestoreceivehighereducation.国家采取措施，帮助少数民族Highereducationinstitutionsshallenrolldisabledstudentswhoare学生和经济困难的学生接受高等教uptotheadmissionqualificationsprescribedbytheState,they育。maynotrefusetoenrollthemonaccountoftheirdisability.高等学校必须招收符合国家规定的录取标准的残疾学生入学，不得因其残疾而拒绝招收。第十
16、条国家依法保障高等学Article10TheState,inaccordancewithlaw,ensuresthefreedomsofscientificresearch,literaryandartisticcreation校中的科学研究、文学艺术创作和andotherculturalactivitiesconductedinhighereducation其他文化活动的自由。institutions.Research,literaryandartisticcreationandotherculturalactivitiesinhighereducationinstitutionsshall
17、beconductedincompliancewithlaw.在高等学校中从事科学研究、文学艺术创作和其他文化活动，应当遵守法律。第十一条高等学校应当面向Article11Highereducationinstitutionsshallbeorientedtotheneedsofsocietyandshallruntheschoolsontheirown社会，依法自主办学，实行民主管andinaccordancewithlawandadministerdemocratic理。management.第十二条国家鼓励高等学校Article12TheStateencouragescollaborat
18、ionbetweenhighereducationinstitutionsandtheircollaborationwithresearch之间、高等学校与科学研究机构以institutes,enterprisesandinstitutionsinorderthattheyall及企业事业组织之间开展协作，实candrawoneachothersstrengthsandincreasetheuseefficiencyofeducationalresources.TheStateencouragesand行优势互补，提高教育资源的使用supportsinternationalexchangean
19、dcooperationinhigher效益。education.国家鼓励和支持高等教育事业的国际交流与合作。第十三条国务院统领导和Article13TheStateCouncilshallprovideunifiedguidanceandadministrationforhighereducationthroughoutthecountry.Thepeoplesgovernmentsofprovinces,autonomous管理全国高等教育事业。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府 统筹协调本行政区域内的高等教育 事业，管理主要为地方培养人才和 国务院授权管理的高等学校。第十四条国务院教育行政部 门
20、主管全国高等教育工作，管理由 国务院确定的主要为全国培养人才 的高等学校。国务院其他有关部门 在国务院规定的职责范围内，负责 有关的高等教育工作。第二章高等教育基本制度第十五条高等教育包括学历 教育和非学历教育。高等教育采用全日制和非全日 制教育形式。国家支持采用广播、电视、函 授及其他远程教育方式实施高等教 育。第十六条高等学历教育分为 专科教育、本科教育和研究生教regionsandcentrally-administeredmunicipalitiesshallundertakeoverallcoordinationofhighereducationintheirownadministr
21、ativeregionsandadministerthehighereducationinstitutionsthatmainlytrainlocalpeopleandthehighereducationinstitutionsthattheyareauthorizedbytheStateCounciltoadminister.Article14TheadministrativedepartmentforeducationundertheStateCouncilshallbeinchargeoftheworkofhighereducationthroughoutthecountryandadm
22、inistertheaffairsofthehighereducationinstitutionsdesignatedbytheStateCouncilasschoolsthatmainlytrainpeopleforthecountryasawhole.OtheradministrativedepartmentsconcernedundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsiblefortheworkrelatedtohighereducationwithinthelimitsoftheirdutiesdefinedbytheStateCouncil.ChapterI
23、lBasicSystemsofHigherEducationArticle 15 HigherEducationincludeseducationforacademicqualificationsandeducationfornon-academicqualifications.HigherEducationtakestheformsoffull-timeschoolingandnon-full-timeschooling.TheStatesupportshighereducationconductedthroughradio,television,correspondenceandother
24、long-distancemeans.Article 16 Highereducationforacademicqualificationsincludesspecialcourseeducation,regularcourseeducationandgraduateprogram.Thefollowingacademiclevelsshallbez.attainedthroughhighereducationforacademicqualifications:Ho(1) Specialcourseeducationshallenablestudentstograspthe高等学历教育应当符合
25、下列学basictheoriesandspecialknowledgewhichthecoursemustoffer“Landtoacquirethebasicskillsandthepreliminaryabilityof业标准：practicalworkinthefieldsoftheirspecializedsubjects.（一）专科教育应当使学生掌 握本专业必备的基础理论、专门知 识，具有从事本专业实际工作的基 本技能和初步能力；（二）本科教育应当使学生比较系统地掌握本学科、专业必需的 基础理论、基本知识，掌握本专业 必要的基本技能、方法和相关知 识，具有从事本专业实际工作和研 究工
26、作的初步能力；（三）硕士研究生教育应当使 学生掌握本学科坚实的基础理论、 系统的专业知识，掌握相应的技(2) Regularcourseeducationshallenablestudentstograspmoresystematicallythebasictheoriesandknowledgerequiredbythebranchesoflearningorspecializedsubjectsoffered,tograspthebasicskills,methodsandrelevantknowledgenecessitatedbytheirspecializedsubjects,and
27、toacquirethepreliminaryabilityofpracticalworkandresearchinthefieldsoftheirspecializedsubjects.(3) ThegraduateprogramforcandidatesworkingforMAshallenablecandidatestograspfirmlythebasictheoriesintheirbranchesoflearningandgraspthesystematicknowledgeoftheirspecializedsubjects,tograsptheskillsandmethodsa
28、ndrelevantknowledgerequired,andtoacquiretheabilityofpracticalworkandresearchinthefieldsoftheirspecializedsubjects.ThegraduateprogramforcandidatesworkingforPh.D.shallenablecandidatestograspfirmlythebreadthofthebasictheoriesandthesystematicandprofoundknowledgeofthespecializedsubjectsandgrasptheskillsa
29、ndmethodsrequiredbytheirbranchesoflearning,andtoacquiretheabilityofcreativeresearchontheirownandofpracticalworkinthefieldsoftheirspecificbranchesoflearning.能、方法和相关知识，具有从事本专业实际工作和科学研究工作的能力。博士研究生教育应当使学生掌握本学科坚实宽广的基础理论、系统深入的专业知识、相应的技能和方法，具有独立从事本学科创造性科学研究工作和实际工作的能力。第十七条专科教育的基本修 业年限为二至三年，本科教育的基 本修业年限为四至五年
30、，硕士研究 生教育的基本修业年限为二至三 年，博士研究生教育的基本修业年 限为三至四年。非全日制高等学历 教育的修业年限应当适当延长。高 等学校根据实际需要，可以对本学 校的修业年限作出调整。第十八条高等教育由高等学 校和其他高等教育机构实施。大学、独立设置的学院主要实 施本科及本科以上教育。高等专科 学校实施专科教育。经国务院教育 行政部门批准，科学研究机构可以 承担研究生教育的任务。其他高等教育机构实施非学历 高等教育。第十九条高级中等教育毕业 或者具有同等学力的，经考试合 格，由实施相应学历教育的高等学 校录取，取得专科生或者本科生入Article17Thebasiclengthofsc
31、hoolingforspecialcourseeducationisfromtwotothreeyears,forregularcourseeducationitisfromfourtofiveyears,forgraduateprogramforcandidatesworkingforMAitisfromtwotothreeyears,andforgraduateprogramforcandidatesworkingforPhDitisfromthreetofouryears.Thelengthofschoolingfornon-full-timehighereducationforacad
32、emicqualificationsshallbeprolongedproperly.Highereducationinstitutionsmay,inlightofactualneeds,readjustthelengthofschoolingoftheirinstitutions.Article18Highereducationshallbeconductedbyhighereducationinstitutionsandotherhighereducationorganizations.Universitiesandindependentcollegesshallmainlyconduc
33、tregularcourseeducationandeducationatastillhigherlevel.Specializedhighereducationschoolsshallconductspecialcourseeducation.WiththeapprovaloftheadministrativedepartmentforeducationundertheStateCouncil,researchinstitutesmayundertakethegraduateprogram.Otherhighereducationorganizationsshallconducthigher
34、educationfornon-academicqualifications.Article19Graduatesfromseniormiddleschoolsandpeoplewiththesameeducationallevel,whohavepassedtheentranceexaminations,shallbeenrolledbyhighereducationinstitutionsthatofferthenecessaryeducationforacademicqualificationsandshallacquirethestatusofspecialcoursestudents
35、orundergraduates.Graduatesfromuniversitiesandpeoplewiththesameeducationallevel,whohavepassedtheentranceexaminations,shallbeenrolledbyhighereducation学资格。本科毕业或者具有同等学力 的，经考试合格，由实施相应学历 教育的高等学校或者经批准承担研 究生教育任务的科学研究机构录 取，取得硕士研究生入学资格。硕士研究生毕业或者具有同等 学力的，经考试合格，由实施相应 学历教育的高等学校或者经批准承 担研究生教育任务的科学研究机构 录取，取得博士研究生入学
36、资格。允许特定学科和专业的本科毕 业生直接取得博士研究生入学资 格，具体办法由国务院教育行政部 门规定。第二十条接受高等学历教育 的学生，由所在高等学校或者经批 准承担研究生教育任务的科学研究 机构根据其修业年限、学业成绩 等，按照国家有关规定，发给相应 的学历证书或者其他学业证书。接受非学历高等教育的学生，institutionsthatofferthenecessaryeducationforacademicqualificationsorbyresearchinstitutesthathaveobtainedapprovalofundertakingthegraduateprogram,
37、andshallacquirethestatusofcandidatesworkingforMA.Peoplewhohavecompletedthegraduateprogramandpeoplewhohavethesameeducationallevel,havingpassedtheentranceexaminations,shallbeenrolledbyhighereducationinstitutionsthatofferthenecessaryeducationforacademicqualificationsorresearchinstitutesthathaveobtained
38、approvalofundertakingthegraduateprogram,andshallacquirethestatusofcandidatesworkingforPh.D.SpecificmeasuresforallowinggraduatesofspecialbranchesoflearningorspecializedsubjectsdirectlytoacquirethestatusofcandidatesworkingforPh.D.shallbeformulatedbytheadministrativedepartmentforeducationundertheStateC
39、ouncil.Article20Studentsreceivinghighereducationforacademicqualificationsshallbeissuedappropriateacademicqualificationcertificatesorothereducationcertificatesbytheirrespectivehighereducationinstitutionsorresearchinstitutesthathaveobtainedapprovalofundertakingthegraduateprogram,onthebasisoftheirlengt
40、hofstudy,academicrecordsandsoonandinaccordancewiththerelevantregulationsoftheState.Studentsreceivinghighereducationfornon-academicqualificationsshallbegrantedappropriatediplomasbytheirrespectivehighereducationinstitutionsorotherhighereducationorganizations.Inthediplomasshallberecordedthelengthofstud
41、yandthesubjectsstudied.由所在高等学校或者其他高等教育机构发给相应的结业证书。结业证书应当载明修业年限和学业内容。第二十一条国家实行高等教Article21TheStateappliesasystemofhighereducationexaminationsforself-taughtpeople,underwhichthosewho育自学考试制度，经考试合格的，havepassedtheexaminationsshallbeissuedappropriate发给相应的学历证书或者其他学业academicqualificationcertificatesorothered
42、ucationcertificates.证书。第二十二条国家实行学位制Article22TheStateappliesasystemofacademicdegrees.Theacademicdegreesincludethebachelors,themaster,s度。学位分为学士、硕士和博士。andthedoctor,sdegrees.Citizenswho,throughreceivinghighereducationorself-teaching,havemetthequalificationsfor公民通过接受高等教育或者自academicdegreesintermsoftheired
43、ucationallevelasprescribedbytheState,mayapplytodegree-conferringbodiesfortheissue学，其学业水平达到国家规定的学ofappropriatedegrees.位标准，可以向学位授予单位申请授予相应的学位。第二十三条高等学校和其他Article23Highereducationinstitutionsandotherhighereducationorganizationsshallundertakecontinuingeducation高等教育机构应当根据社会需要和inlightofsocialneedsandtheir
44、ownconditionsforoffering自身办学条件，承担实施继续教育sucheducation.的工作。第三章高等学校的设立ChapterIIIEstablishmentofHigherEducationInstitutions第二十四条设立高等学校，Article24HighereducationinstitutionsshallbeestablishedinaccordancewithStateplansforthedevelopmentofhigher应当符合国家高等教育发展规划，educationandinkeepingwiththeinterestsoftheStatean
45、d符合国家利益和社会公共利益。thepublic.第二十五条设立高等学校，Article25Thebasicconditionsasprovidedforinthe应当具备教育法规定的基本条件。大学或者独立设置的学院还应 当具有较强的教学、科学研究力 量，较高的教学、科学研究水平和 相应规模，能够实施本科及本科以 上教育。大学还必须设有三个以上国家规定的学科门类为主要学科。设立高等学校的具体标准由国务院制定。设立其他高等教育机构的具体EducationLawshallbefulfilledforestablishmentofahighereducationinstitution.Univers
46、itiesandindependentcollegesshall,inaddition,haveastrongerstaffforteachingandresearch,ahigherlevelofteachingandresearch,aswellasanecessarysizeofthestudentbody,inorderthattheycanofferregularcourseeducationandeducationatahigherlevel.Moreover,universitiesshallofferatleastthreebranchesoflearningdesignate
47、dbytheStateasthemaincourses.ThespecificrequirementsforestablishmentofhighereducationinstitutionsshallbeformulatedbytheStateCouncil.ThespecificrequirementsforestablishmentofotherhighereducationorganizationsshallbedrawnupbytherelevantdepartmentsauthorizedbytheStateCouncilorbythepeoplesgovernmentsofpro
48、vinces,autonomousregionsandCentrally-administeredmunicipalitiesinaccordancewiththeprincipleslaiddownbytheStateCouncil.标准，由国务院授权的有关部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府根据国务院规定的原则制定。Article26Thenametobeadoptedbyahighereducation第二十八条设立图等字校，institutionestablishedshallbecommensuratewithits应当根据其层次、类型、所设学科administrativelevel,thecategoryitbelongsto,thesubjectsit天叩加班如沁InZl在而offers,thesizeofitsstudentbodyanditsle
