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1、美国名人作家海明威2ErnestHemingwayz1899-1961:OneoftheMostFamousWritersofthe20thCenturyplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:43repeatByRichardThorman2008-3-15VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmDougJohnsonwithPeopleinAmerica,aprogramaboutpeoplewhoareimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Todaywepresentthesecondpar
2、tofthestoryofErnestHemingwayslifeandwritings.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Attwenty-five,HemingwaywaslivinginParis.Hewasafamouswriter.Buttheendofhisfirstmarriagemadehimwanttoleavetheplacewherehehadfirstbecomefamous.Yearslaterhesaid:Thecitywasnevertobethesameagain.WhenIreturnedtoit,IfoundithadchangedasIhadchanged.
3、PariswasneverthesameaswhenIwaspoorandveryhappy.VOICETWO:ErnestHemingwayfishingnearKeyWest,Foridain1928HemingwayandhisnewwifereturnedtotheUnitedStatesinnineteentwenty-eight.TheysettledinKeyWest,anislandwithafishingportnearthesoutherncoastofFlorida.BeforeleavingParis,Hemingwaysentacollectionofhisstori
4、estoNewYorktobepublished.Thebookofstories,calledMenWithoutWomen/waspublishedsoonafterHemingwayarrivedinKeyWest.OneofthestorieswascalledTheKillers.Init,Hemingwayusedadiscussionbetweentwomentocreateafeelingoftensionandcomingviolence.ThiswasanewmethodoftellingastorySTORYTELLER:Nickopenedthedoorandwenti
5、ntotheroom.OleAndresonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.Hehadbeenaheavyweightprizefighterandhewastoolongforthebed.Helaywithhisheadontwopillows.HedidnotlookatNick.Whatwasit?heasked.IwasupatHenrys,Nicksaid,andtwofellowscameinandtiedmeupandthecook,andtheysaidtheyweregoingtokillyou.Itsoundedsillywhenh
6、esaidit.OleAndresonsaidnothing.Theyputusoutinthekitchen,Nickwenton.Theyweregoingtoshootyouwhenyoucameintosupper.OleAndresonlookedatthewallanddidnotsayanything.GeorgethoughtIoughttocomeandtellyouaboutit.ThereisntanythingIcandoaboutit/OleAndresonsaid.VOICEONE:AnynewbookbyHemingwaywasanimportanteventfo
7、rreaders.ButstorieslikeTheKillersshockedmanypeople.Somethoughttherewastoomuchviolenceinhisstories.Otherssaidheonlywroteaboutgunmen,soldiers,fightersanddrinkers.ThiskindofcriticismmadeHemingwayangry.Hefeltthatwritersshouldnotbejudgedbythosewhocouldnotwriteastory.VOICETWO:HemingwaywashappyinKeyWest.In
8、themorninghewrote,intheafternoonhefished,andatnighthewenttoapublichouseanddrank.Oneoldfishermansaid:Hemingwaywasamanwhotalkedslowlyandverycarefully.Heaskedalotofquestions.Andhealwayswantedtogethisinformationexactlyright.HemingwayandhiswifePaulinehadachildinKeyWest.Soonafterwardheheardthathisfatherha
9、dkilledhimself.Hemingwaywasshocked.Hesaid:Myfathertaughtmesomuch.HewastheonlyoneIreallycaredabout.,WhenHemingwayreturnedtoworktherewasasadnessabouthiswritingthatwasnottherebefore.HisnewbooktoldaboutanAmericansoldierwhoservedwiththeItalianarmyduringWorldWarOne.HemeetsanEnglishnurseandtheyfallinlove.T
10、heyfleefromthearmy,butshediesduringchildbirth.SomeoftheeventsaretakenfromHemingwaysserviceinItaly.ThebookiscalledAFarewelltoArms.PartofthebooktalksaboutthedefeatoftheItalianarmyataplacecalledCaporetto.STORYTELLER:Atnoonwewerestuckinamuddyroadaboutasnearlyaswecouldfigure,tenkilometresfromUdine.Therai
11、nhadstoppedduringtheforenoonandthreetimeswehadheardplanescoming,seenthempassoverhead,watchedthemgofartotheleftandheardthembombingonthemainhighroad.Laterwewereonaroadthatledtoariver.Therewasalonglineofabandonedtrucksandcartsonaroadleadinguptoabridge.Noonewasinsight.Theriverwashighandthebridgehadbeenb
12、lownupinthecenter;thestonearchwasfallenintotheriverandthebrownwaterwasgoingoverit.Wewentupthebanklookingforaplacetocross.Wedidnotseeanytroops;onlyabandonedtrucksandstores.Alongtheriverbankwasnothingandnoonebutthewetbrushandmuddyground.VOICEONE:AFarewelltoArmswasverysuccessful.ItearnedHemingwayagreat
13、dealofmoney.Anditpermittedhimtotravel.OneplacehevisitedwasSpain,acountrythatheloved.Hesaid:IwanttopaintwithwordsallthesightsandsoundsandsmellsofSpain.AndifIcanwriteanyofitdowntruly,thenitwillrepresentallofSpain.AbookcalledDeathintheAfternoonwastheresult.ItdescribestheSpanishtraditionofbullfighting.H
14、emingwaybelievedthatbullfightingwasanart,justasmuchaswritingwasanart.Andhebelieveditwasatruetestofamansbravery,somethingthatalwaysconcernedhim.VOICETWO:ErnestHemingwayhuntinginAfrica,1934HemingwayalsotraveledtoAfrica.HehadbeenaskedtowriteaseriesofreportsaboutAfricanhunting.Hesaid:HuntinginAfricaisth
15、ekindofhuntingIlike.Noridingincars,justsimplewalkingandfeelingthegrassundermyfeet.ThetriptoAfricaresultedinabookcalledTheGreenHillsofAfricaandanumberofstories.OnestoryisamongHemingwaysbest.Hesaidawritersavessomestoriestowritewhenheknowsenoughtowritethemwell.ThestoryiscalledTheSnowsofKilimanjaro,Itte
16、llsofHemingwaysfearsabouthimself.Itisaboutawriterwhobetrayshisartformoneyandisunabletoremaintruetohimself.VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty-six,theCivilWarinSpaingavehimachancetoreturntoSpainandtesthisbraveryagain.HeagreedtowriteaboutthewarforanAmericannewsorganization.Itwasadangerousjob.OnedaHemingwayandtw
17、ootherreportersweredrivingacarnearabattlefield.Thecarcarriedtwowhiteflags.Butrebelgunnersthoughtthecarwascarryingenemyofficers.Hemingwaywasalmostkilled.Hesaid:Shellsareallthesame.Iftheydonothityou,thereisnostory.Iftheydohityou,thenyoudonothavetowriteit.ThetriptoSpainresultedintwoworks,aplaycalledThe
18、FifthColumnandthenovelForWhomtheBellTolls.ThenoveltellsthestoryofanAmericanwhohaschosentofightagainstthefascists.Herealizesthatthereareliesandinjusticeonhisside,aswellastheother.Butheseesnohopeexceptthevictoryofhisside.Duringthefighting,heescapeshisfearofdeathandofbeingalone.Hefindsthathecanliveasfu
19、llalifeinseventyhoursasinseventyyears.Thebookwasagreatsuccess.Hemingwayenjoyedbeingfamous.HissecondErnestHemingwayathishomeinCubaaround1947marriagewasending.HedivorcedPaulineandmarriedreporterMarthaGellhorn.HehadmetMarthawhiletheywereworkinginSpain.TheydecidedtoliveinCuba,nearthecityofHavana.Theirho
20、uselookedoutovertheCaribbeanSea.Butthismarriagedidnotlastlong.Hemingwaywaschanging.Hebegantofeelthatwhateverhesaidwasright.Marthawentonlongtripstobeawayfromhim.Hedrankheavilytoforgethisloneliness.VOICETWO:WhenAmericaenteredWorldWarTwo,HemingwaywenttoBritainasareporter.1.aterhetookpartintheinvasionof
21、EuropeandthefreeingofParis.DuringthewarHemingwaymetanotherreporter,MaryWalsh.Innineteenforty-five,whenhismarriagetoMarthawaslegallyover,hemarriedMary.Afterthewar,Hemingwaybeganworkonhislastimportantbook,TheOldManandtheSea,ItisthestoryofaCubanfishermanwhorefusestobedefeatedbynature.Hemingwaysaid:Iwas
22、tryingtoshowtheexperienceofthefishermansoexactlyanddirectlythatitbecamepartofthereadersexperience.Innineteenfifty-four,HemingwaywontheNobelPrizeforliterature.Buthewastoosicktotakepartintheceremony.VOICEONE:ErnestHemingwaywassixtyyearsold,buthesaidhefeltlikehewaseighty-six.And,evenworse,hefeltthathen
23、olongerwasabletowrite.Heseemedtobelivingthestoryaboutthewriterwhohadsoldhiswritingskillinordertomakemoney.Innineteensixty-oneErnestHemingwaykilledhimself.Amongthepapersheleftwasonethatdescribedwhathelikedbest:Tostayinplacesandtoleave.totrust,todistrust.tonolongerbelieveandbelieveagain.towatchthechangesintheseasons.tobeoutinboats.towatchthesnowcome,towatchitgo.toheartherain.andtoknowwhereIcanfindwhatIwant.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyRichardThorman.mDougJohnson.VOICEONE:AndmShirleyGriffith.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprograminSpecialEnglishontheVoiceofAmerica.
