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1、美国名人词作家诗人社会活动家茱丽雅沃尔德何奥JuliaWardHowe,1819-1910:TheAnti-SlaveryActivistWroteOneoftheGreatCivilWarSongsplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:11repeatByShelleyGollust2008-1-12VOICEONE:mRayFreeman.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwiththeSpecialEnglishprogram,PEOPLEINAMERICA.Everyweekwetellaboutapersonimportantinthehi
2、storyoftheUnitedStates.JuliaWardHoweToday,wetellaboutJuliaWardHowe.ShewroteoneofthegreatsongsoftheAmericanCivilWar,theBattleHymnoftheRepublic.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Marchingsoldiers.Noendtothelinesofsoldiersmarchingacrosstheland.TheycamefromthenorthernstatesfightingtokeeptheUniontogether.Andtheycamefromthe
3、southernstatesfightingforaseparateConfederategovernmentthatwouldprotecttheirrighttohaveslaves.Insummerandwinter,thefightingcontinued.Thesunburnedlikefire.Thesoldiersmarchedon.Thecoldwinterwindsblewsnowintheirfaces.Thesoldiersmarchedon.TheUnitedStateswasanationcutintwobyabitterstruggleoverslaveryanda
4、statesrighttoleavetheUnion.AmericasCivilWarlastedfouryears.Itdestroyedtheland.Anditdestroyedtheyoungmenofthenation.VOICETWO:ManystorieshavebeentoldaboutthesoldiersoftheCivilWar.Theyhavetoldofthesoldiersfearandterror.Theirgreatandheroicacts.Howtheysufferedanddied.Andhowtheysangbeforeandafterbattle.On
5、esongzmorethananyother,caughtthespiritoftheUnionsoldiersoftheNorth.ThesongistheBattleHymnoftheRepublic.Hereisthefirstpartofthesong,sungbyOdetta:(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Thewordsarereligious.Theyarelikeahymn,asongofpraisetoGod.Thisisthestoryofthewomanwhowrotethesong.(MUSIC:BattleHymnoftheRepublic)VOICETWO:The
6、placewasWashington,D.C.Theyearwaseighteensixty-one.Itwasawetwinternight.Therewerethousandsofsoldiersinthecity.Thehospitalswerefull.ThefieldofbattlewasjustacrossthePotomacRiverinthesouthernstateofVirginia.Awomanlayasleepinherhotelroom.Shehadhadalong,hardday.ShehadcometoWashingtontovisittheUniontroops
7、.Thesightandsoundsofthesoldiersgavehernorest.Eveninhersleepsheseemedtohearthem.Sheheardtheirsadvoicesastheysatbesidetheirfires.Sheheardthemsinging.Theysangamarchingsongsheknew.ItwasasongaboutJohnBrown,anactivistagainstslavery.Thesongtoldabouthowhisbodyturnedtoearthinthegrave.Ittoldabouthowhisspiritl
8、ivedon.VOICEONE:ThewomansnamewasJuliaWardHowe.Shewasawriterandsocialreformer.ShewasborninNewYorkCityineighteennineteen.Herfatherwasawealthybanker.JuliamarriedSamuelGridleyHowe.Hewasareformerandteacheroftheblind.JuliaandSamuelHowemovedtoBoston.MissusHoweraisedfivechildren.Andshepublishedseveralbookso
9、fpoetry.VOICETWO:JuliaWardHoweandSamuelGridleyHowewereleadersinthemovementinAmericatoendslavery.Theypublishedananti-slaverynewspapercalledtheCommonwealth.MissusHowehadmetJohnBrown.Likehim,shewasananti-slaveryactivist.SheopposedthoseAmericanswhousedblackpeopleasslaves.Unlikehim,shedidnotapproveofusin
10、gviolencetoendslavery.JohnBrownIneighteenfifty-nine,JohnBrowntriedtostartarevoltofslaves.HeledanattackonHarpersFerry,atowninwhatwasthenthestateofVirginia.Thetownhadafactorythatmadegunsforthearmy.Italsohadastoragecenterformilitaryequipment.TheattackonHarpersFerryfailed.JohnBrownwasputontrialfortreaso
11、n.Hewasfoundguiltyandwasexecuted.VOICEONE:Inthenorthernstates,JohnBrownbecameahero.Hisstorywastoldthroughsong.Thesongwasmostpopularwithsoldiers.ItbecametheunofficialmarchingsongoftheUnionArmy.JuliaWardHowealsolikedtosingthesong.Shefeltthatthemusicwasbeautiful,butthewordsaboutJohnBrownwerenot.Soshede
12、cidedtowritedifferentwordstothemusic.ThosewordscametoherthatnightasshelayinherhotelroominWashington.Shewasawakenedbyherdreamsofmarchingsoldiers.VOICETWO:Ifoundtomysurprisethatthewordswereformingthemselvesinmyhead.Ilaystilluntilthelastlinehadcompleteditselfinmythoughts.ThenIquicklygotoutofbed.Ithough
13、tIwouldforgetthewordsifIdidnotwritethemimmediately.Ilookedforapieceofpaperandapen.ThenIbegantowritethelinesofapoem:MineeyeshaveseenthegloryofthecomingoftheLord.Heistramplingoutthevintagewherethegrapesofwratharestored,HehathloosedthefatefullightningofHisterribleswiftsword,Histruthismarchingon.,Iwrote
14、untilIwasfinished.ThenIlaydownagainandfellasleep.Ifeltsomethingimportanthadhappenedtome.VOICEONE:AnAmericanmagazine,TheAtlanticMonthly/boughtMissusHowe,spoem.Shewaspaidfourdollars.Themagazinepublishedthepoemineighteensixty-two.Thepoembecameverypopular.Ithadjusttherightwordsforthegreatmarchingmusic.T
15、hesoldiersoftheUnionArmybegantosingthewordsJuliaWardHowehadwritten.Itsoonbecametheirofficialmarchingsong-TheBattleHymnoftheRepublic.VOICETWO:PresidentAbrahamLincolnJuliaWardHowebecamefamous.ShewasinvitedtotheWhiteHousetomeetPresidentAbrahamLincoln.AfterdinnerattheWhiteHouse,thegueststalkedabouttheCi
16、vilWar.Theyweresad.TheUnionarmyhadsufferedmanydefeats.ThensomeonebegantosingTheBattleHymnoftheRepublic.MissusHoweandPresidentLincolnjoinedinthesinging.ThereweretearsinthePresidentseyes.Hereisthelastpartofthesong,sungbytheMormonTabernacleChoir:(MUSIC)VOICEONE:AftertheNorthwontheCivilWarineighteensixt
17、y-fivezJuliaWardHowebecameinvolvedinothersocialreformmovements.ShebecamealeaderinthemovementtogainequalrightsforAmericanwomen,includingtherighttovote.ShehelpedestablishtheNewEnglandWomansClubineighteensixty-eight.Thisorganizationworkedforequalrightsforwomenineducationandbusiness.Sheservedaspresident
18、ofthegroupformorethanthirtyyears.VOICETWO:JuliaWardHowealsobecameinvolvedinthemovementforpeace.Ineighteenseventy,sheissuedanAppealtoWomanhoodThroughouttheWorld.Thiswasacallforaninternationalconferenceofwomentosupportthepeacefulsettlementofconflicts.ThenextyearshehelpedorganizetheAmericangroupoftheWo
19、mansInternationalPeaceAssociation.Shebecamepresidentofthegroup.JuliaWardHowecontinuedtowritebooksandmakespeechesabouttheissuesshefeltwereimportant.Throughtheyears,thousandsofpeoplecametohearherrecitehermostfamouspoem.Shediedinnineteenten.Shewasninety-oneyearsold.VOICEONE:TheBattleHymnoftheRepublicst
20、illisoneofAmericasgreattraditionalsongs.Nooneknowsforsurewhowrotethemusic.Butthesongliveson.Andsodoesthenameofthewomanwhomadethemusicfamouswithherwords:JuliaWardHowe.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.VOICEONE:AndmRayFreeman.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
