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1、1213202830627273747897目录南水情RAINFA1.1.ANDWATERREGIME1.1 mfftRainfall21.2 水情/WaterRne,洪涝灾害防F1.OODDISASTERPREVENTION2.1汛情/Floods2. 2主要江河洪水过程/MajorFloodPrccesses2.3 典型山洪灾害事件/MaJDrFlashFlMiDisasters2.4 洪涝灾情/Disastersand1.osses2.5 防御工作/PreventionandControl2 .6防御成效/Effcctivcncs;汰ofFloodDixnxterPrevention干旱
2、灾害防DROUGHTDISASTERPREVENTION2.1 旱情/Droughts3 .2主要干旱过程/MajorDroughtProcesses4 .3干旱灾情/Disaslersand1.osses5 .4防御工作/PrvvwitionandContrl6 5防御成效/EffectivenessofDnxightDisasterPrevention中国I灾害防处公报1ChnaEooflDr0u9h!D&ouarPrevcrtionBuklii2023*硼工作FOUNDATIONA1.WORKIOI4.1 IJWHt/ItistitutionalFuncticnsHB4.2 期章蒯度/R
3、jlesandRegulations】0543方妥K案/ConUngencyPlanning1064.3 4山洪灾害防治/RashFkdOisasfManagement04.5 J6湎满区律彼管理/CcostroctionandMafUgCmentofFloodDEKiOnAreas11046佗总发布，InfofmattonDisserTMnafion1124.7 复盘分析/ReviewandAnaJySlSIH附录APPENDIX19502023年全国水旱灾情统计STATISTICSOFF1.OANDDROUGHTDISASTERSINCHWA1950-20231162023年，我国气候极端
4、反常，部分地区暴洪急涝、旱涝急转、情势偏策海河流域发生流域性特大洪水，松花江部分支流发生超历史实测记录洪水，秋季洪水多发，西南、西北部分地区发生1961年以来最严重干旱，水旱灾者防御形势异常复杂严峻.党中央、国务院高度更视防汛抗旱工作，习近平总书记多次主持召开会议研究水利工作,亲自部充、亲自指挥防汛抗洪救灾工作，专程考察、专题研究灾后恢复重建工作.李强总理等领导同志多次专地研究或批示解决重大问跄，水利部鳌决货彻习近平总书记重要指示精神，按照党中央国务院决策部署，坚持人民至上、生命至上，树牢底线思维、极限思维，组织各级水利部门会同有关部门和地方，全力以赴夺取水旱灾吉防御全面胜利注本公报看神现行t
5、区,卸别区和佛i妓计数据16岐.g生产建设兵团城计数招计入濯的吾尔白治区统计裁照；基公界所采用的H量单僮8分沿用水利统计索用单位,未进行校算、本公银敷林裸于水利部、fitfl5SJ.水文靠索依据水利SW息中，Mi务不统敷笫,8WMRW*e.未注明东源的敷第均松干力MSB.报格解R分别参W水旱灾*昉IH茨W调壹利度：依行)00，和自热灾害*s狡计例It)WatQwon.1.2WaterRegime1.2.1 RiverdischargeIn2023.thedischargeofmajorriversinChinawaslessthannormal.DatongStationontheYangtz
6、eRiverdocumented655.3billionm3,30%lessthannormal：HuayuankouStationontheYellowRiverdocumented30.54billion11I5%less;1.UtaiZiStationontheHuaiheRivergot17.46billionm3,10%less:SanjiadianStationontheYongdingRiVer(drainingtoHaiheRiverbasin)got466millionm3,12.3timesmoreZhangfangStabonontheJumaRivergot1.39bi
7、llionm3,9.7timesmore.BeizhongshanStationonZiyaRivergot1.431blnm3,14timesmore;inthePearlRiverBasin1WuzhouStationonXijiangRiverreceived112.80billionm3.5O%less:ShijiaoStationonBeijiangRiverreceived34.66billionm3.20%less:BoluOStationonDongjiangRiverreceived16.27billnm3,30%lessjJiamusiStationonSonghuaRiV
8、efreceived76.43tlio11m3,50%moreJielingStationonUaoheRiverreived3.86billionm3,30%more.Intermsofthedischargeofmajorriverspriortothefloodseason,DatongStationontheYangtzeRiverdocumented142.90billionm3,20%lessthannormal：HUayUankOlJStationonthYellowRiver9.23billionm3,10%Iessi1.utaiziStationonHuaiheRiver1.
9、18bilionm3,60%less.SanjiadianStationonYongdingRiver(drainingtoHaheRiverbasin)156millionm3,12timesmoreJZhangfangStaknontheJUmaRiver20millionm3,10%less;BeizhongshanStationonZiyaRiver257millionm3,4l.8timesmorejnthePearlRiverBasin,WuzhouStationonXijiangRiver23.7billionm3,20%lss;ShijiaoStationonBeijiangR
10、iver11.10billionm3.slightlymore：BOIUOStationonDongjiangRiver4.40billionm3,20%lessJiamusiStationonSonghuaRiver12.40billionm3.10%moreTielingStationon1.iaoheRiver800millionm3,70%morentieSonghiaRverwUtKRwlhetaFRhcandtheYRwtxB11BdSOBperod(Jarvtry-Ktiy)i1000pe11dIXreSepeentWfjgjHtaodPeoB(OctDber-Owwibec)/
11、ocs16dc%c4inhHuhe.lMYWUH8M5PWflfrbwprlxdpfrofMMyAp4,gg(H111KVy-S0p*n*1.R6HXMMW0clgKOKTN)H洲峪CffQlChdl货附6柿TaIIUU*fx8(MrJM主三C专二玄主木W/ft三32Jr主E一*二z金茶G=9hM6激法MT3X第M三*3eaMr3sIsY-WmH1.rUVc-ix三mRYirXhlM=rn&uu-EM二rrbin111xr三-un91HF三MTiwoin至J-OZhEWT1.9USJiSncszhXigrh*nr-rc手rc三ir=Ixgffrhmg2sXblUUllf4i薛=UlQrCq-M
12、OE&GJUE&0U?miMr-m-EFECFg-一bn二帛TB京三irn79TNiVM=7三m?9i，一YUA7;YtcEtChgSBSWHhChinOS2Ts.gm-UiXiS了Urhni&i3E薛g2C笑4IdQMlFXiS3erbnU3s,shs?&.第号5W1.M*SAR*匕3QIMMEr囹132023曲59Xwgl5lt4re.1.2.2ReservoirstorageOnJunel,the8.238reservoirsthatrepo11dailystatisticstoMWR(hereinafterreferredtoasdaily-reportingreservoirs)ha
13、datotalstorageof413.34billionm3,9%morethannormaloverthesameperiod.Amo11gthem,the729largereservoirshadawaterstorageof372.71billionm3.10%morethannormal:the3,144medium-sizedreservoirshadatotalstorageof36.71billionm3,3%Jessthannormal;andthe4,365smallreservoirshadatotalwaterstorageof3.92billionm3.7%moret
14、hannormal.OnOctober1,thestorageofdaily-reportingreservoirswas536.25billionm3,30%morethanthatonJune1and6%morethannormaloverthesameperiod.Amongthem.the729largereservoirsstored486.33billionm3.30%morethanthatonJune1and6%morethannormal;the3,144medium-seedreservoirsstored45.41billionm3,24%morethanthatonJu
15、ne1and17%morethannormal;andthe4.365smallreservoirsstored4.51billionm3,15%morethanthatonJune1and17%morethannormal.Attheendoftheyear,thestorageofdaily-reportingreservoirswas518.41billionm3,8%morethanthatonJanuary1and9%moreIhannormalovertheSamePeriOd.Amongthem,the729largereservoirsstored471.1billknm3,7
16、%morethanthatonJanuary1andl%rxrethannormal;the3,144medium-sizedreservoirsstored43.17billionf113,13%morethanthatonJanuary1and3%HIOrethannormal:andthe4.365smallreservoirsstored4.06billionm3.11%morethanthatonJanuary1and24%tessthannormal.洪涝灾害防御F1.OODDISASTERPREVENTION2sww三wW212023年3月24日，我国进入汛期，较多年平均入汛日期
17、（4月1日）偏早8天。2023年，全国主要江河共发生4次编号洪水，共有708条河流发生超警戒洪水，较常年平均（675条）偏多5%,其中，129条河流发生超保证洪水，49条河流发生超历史实测记录洪水.长江流域（片）有213条河流发生超瞥戒洪水，其中，第庆是陵江水系雁溪河、三峡区间朱衣河等62条河流发生超保证洪水，金沙江沱沱河至岗抱江段、热阳湖水系抚河支流营水等14条河流发生超历史实测记录洪水；黄河流域（片）有36条河流发生超警戒洪水，其中，新疆别列孜克河、古库尔苏河等4条河流发生超保证洪水,新疆克兰河、内蒙古黑河等2条河流发生超历史实测记录洪水；淮河流域（片）有21条河流发生超警戒洪水，其中，江
18、苏大运河房亭河等2条河流发生超保证、超历史实测记录洪水；海河流域（片）有23条河流发生超瞥戒洪水，其中，拒马河及其支流白沟河等12条河流发生超保证洪水,永定河及支流清水河等8条河流发生超历史实测记录洪水，子牙河、永定河,大清河分别发生1次编号洪水，永定河发生1924年以来最大洪水，大清河发生1963年以来该大洪水，海河流域发生流域性特大洪水；珠江流域（片）有180条河流发生超警戒洪水，其中，福建汀江支流小澜溪、贵州红水河支流京舟河等9条河流发生超保证洪水，广东西江支流罗定江、义昌江等5条河流发生超历史实测记录洪水；松辽流域（片）有140条河流发生超瞥戒洪水，其中，松花江支流牡丹江嫩江支流洸儿河
19、等27条河流发生超保证洪水，松花江支流拉林河、蚂蚁河等18条河流发生超历史实测记录洪水，松花江发生1次编号洪水；太湖流域（片）有95条河流发生超警戒洪水，其中，福建闽南沿海九十九溪、淅江钱塘江上游兰江等13条河流发生超保证洪水。黄河、攫龙江等北方河流凌情平稳。河谊出警啖如保证.超历史乜标水位超戋吠1.fflfti11.超历史或流中.知警戒（屈保任.出历史）.Bagouhadfloodsbeyondtheguaranteedlevel,and8rivers,includingtheYongdmgRiveranditstributaryQingShUi,hadrecord-breakingfloo
20、ds.TheZiya1YongdingandDaqingriverseachwithstoodonenumberedf100d.TheYongdingRverexperienceditslargestfloodsince1924,theDaqingRiverexperienceditslargestfloodsinceI963,andtheHaheRiverBasinexperiencedanextremebasin-widefkxxi.lnthePearlRiverbasjnregion,180riversexperiencedfloodsbeyondthewarningIeveliamon
21、gthem9rivers,includingtheXiaolanxiRiver.atributaryoftheTingjiangRiverinFUjian,andtheJingzhouRiver,atritjtaryoftheHongshuiRiverinGuizhou,hadfkxdsbeyondtheguaranteedIeveliand5riverssuchasthe1.uodingandYichangrivers.tributariesofXijianginGuangdong,hadrecord-breakingfloods.IntheSonghua-1.iaoheRiverbasin
22、region.140riversexperiencedfloodsbeyondthewarningIevekamongthem.27riverssuchastheMudanRiver.atributaryoftheSonghuaRiver,andtheTao,erRiver.atributaryofNenjiang.hadfloodsbeyondtheguaranteedIeve1.and18rivers.includingthe1.alinandMayirivers.tributariesoftheSonghuaRiver,hadrecordbreakingfloods.Onenumbere
23、dfloodoccurredintheSonghuaRiver.IntheTaihu1.akebasin，region.95riversexperiencedfloodsbeyondthewarningIevekamongthem.13riverssuchastheJiushijiuxiinthesoutherncoastalFujianandthe1.anjiangRiverdrainingtotheupperQiantangRiverinZhejiang.hadfloodsbeyondtheguaranteedlevel.Chinasnorthernrivers,includingthYe
24、llowRiverandtheHeilongRiversafelypassedtheicefloodperiod.年出Yeef图2-32013-2023年全国发生超保证洪水河流条数Figure2-3NumberofriversexperiencingfbodsabovetheguaranteedlevelinChina20132023图2-420132023年全国发生超历史实测记录洪水河流条数Figure24NumberoriversexperiencingttoodsbreakingMloncalmeasurementsinChina2013*2023Floodsthatoccurredin
25、Chinain2023generallytkonthefollowingfourcharacteristics:(1)TheHaiheRiverwashitbyviolentlysurgingandvoluminousflds.Withinthe12hoursfrom23:00onJuly30to11:00onJuly31,theZiya1YongdingandDaqmgriverswerehitbynumberedfloodssuccessively.TheflowattheDuyaStationontheJumaRiversoaredfrom600mstothepeakof5,500m3s
26、withinanhour,andtheflowatthe1.ugouqiaoengineeringcomplexontheYongdingRiversoaredfrom1,000m3sto4,650m3swithin1.5hours.TheHaiheRiverbasinexperienceditslargestbasin-wideextremefloodin60years,theYongdingRiverexperienceditslargestfloodsince1924,andtheDaqmgRiverexperienceditslargestfloodsince1963.(2)Sever
27、altributariesoftheSonghuaRiverwithstoodseverefloods.FromtheendofJulytotheendofAugust,atotalof96rivers,includingthe1.alinandMayiriverstatdraintotheSonghuaRiver,andtheYaluandTaoerriversthatdraintotheNenjiangRiver,experiencedfloodsbeyondthewarningIeve1.Amongthem,themainstreamSonghuaRiverexperiencednumb
28、eredfloods,thetributaryMudanexperiencedfloodsbeyondtheguaranteedIeve1.andthetributaries1.alinandMayihadrecord-breakingfloodsovertheentireroutes.TheHutouStationonthemainstreamWusuliRiverexpe11encedfiloodsbeyondthewarninglevelfor37daysandbeyondtheguaranteedlevelfor12days.Theautumnof2023sawfrequentfloo
29、ds.FromSeptembertoOctober.226riversinHubei,Fujian,Guangdong.andGuangxiexperiencedfloodsbeyondthewarninglevel,accountingfor32%ofthenationaltotalofriversexceedingthewarninglevelsthroughouttheyear.TheHanjiangRiverexperiencedtwonumberedfloods,withwaterlevelsalongtheentiremiddletolowersectiondownstreamof
30、YichengexceedingwarningIevels.Xizangexperiencedfloodsthatweretriggeredbyprecipitation,snovmelt.andicemelt,withlocalizedfiloodinginitsplateaulakessuchastheSelinCo.(4)Flashfloodswerefrequentandsevere.Flashflooddisasterswerefrequentandsevereundertheinfluenceoflocalizedintenseprecipitationovershortdurat
31、io.RegionsincludingBeijing,Hebei1Sichuan1Chongqing1Gansu,andHeilongjiangweehitbymultipleflashflooddisasters(oracmpanyingmudslides),causingmanydeathsormissingcases.NoteTo1.uQxquorqnMfl%匕皿BolIgIjqouqUoSiaion8raYCrgn9RMThftpeakIlOMa4.650m3AttQbc,%avH1u0.wri的IgmSt*k*r*MmrdvjW灾害防御公报20KChnaFteodandBCMJmDi
32、sasterPv加Btlcnn20232.2主要江河洪水过程2.2.1 海mm特大洪水受台风“杜苏芮”残余环流北上地形抬升和副热带高压的共同影响，7月28日至8月1日，海河流域普降大到暴雨、局部降特大暴雨，流域平均降水量155毫米，其中大清河水系305豪米、子牙河水系186亳米漳卫河水系182充米北三河水系139堂米永定河水系93老米、徒骇马颊河水系82毒米滦河水系38毫米，通大点降水量为永定河水系清水河清水站（北京门头沟区）10145充米，流域累计降水总量达494亿立方米。受强降水影响，海河流域有22条河流发生超警戒洪水，7条河流发生超保证洪水，8条河流发生有实测记录以来最大洪水，大清河,永
33、定河发生特大洪水，子牙河发生大洪水，海河流域发生60年来最大流域性特大洪水，子牙河水系降水过程集中在7月2829日，流域平均降水*186亳米，暴雨中心位于岗南水库至黄壁庄水库区间和漠阳河上游，最大点降水St为派河临城站（河北邢台市）1003毫米,7月30日23时源沱河黄壁庄水库入库流量涨至3615立方米每秒，形成子牙河2023年第1号洪水。7月31日2时朱庄水库入库洪流量7900立方米每秒，列1975年有实测记录以来第2位.7月31日7时黄壁庄水库入库洪峰流-6250立方米每秒，列1959年有实测记录以来第5位.源沱河黄壁庄水库泄洪(7月31日)HuangbizhuangReservoront
34、heHutuoRverwasCfechargngIfoocte(July31)2.2MajorFloodProcesses2.2.1 Theextremebasin-widefloodintheHalheRiverbasinDuetothecombinedeffectsofthenorthwardresidualcirculationofTyphoonDoksuri,orographiclift,andtheSubtroptcalhighpressure.fromJuly28toAugust1,theHaiheRiverbasinexperiencedwidespreadheavytotorr
35、entialrainsandlocalizedextremerainstorms.Theaverageprecipitationinthebasinwas155mm,with305mmintheDaqingRiversystem,186mmintheZiyaRiversystem,182mmintheZhangweiRiversystem,139mmintheBeisanRiversystem,93mmintheYongdingRiversystem,82mmintheTuhaimajiaRiversystem,and38mminte1.uanheRiversystem.Themaximump
36、ointprecipitationof1.014.5mmwasrecordedattheQingshuiStation(MentougouDistrict.Beijing)ontheQingshuiRivertatdrainstotheYongdingRiversystem;thecumulativeprecipitationinthebasinreached49.4billionm3.Affectedbyintensepredpitation.22riversintheHaiheRiverbasinexperiencedfloodsbeyondthewarninglevels,7rivers
37、hadfloodsbeyondtheguaranteedlevels,and8rivershadrecord-breakingfloods.TheDaqingandYongdmgriversv/erehitbyextremeflooding,theZiyaRiverwashitbyamajorflooding,andtheentireHaiheRiverBasinwitnesseditslargestbasin-wideextremefloodoverthepast60years.PrecipitationacrosstheZiyaRiversystemmainlyOeCUrredonJuly
38、28and29,witanaveragebasin-wideprecipitationof186mm.ThecenteroftherainstormwasIoCatedbetweentheGangnanReservoirandHuangbizhuangReservoirandtheupperstreamoftheFuyangRiver.Themaximumpointprecipitationof1,003mmwasrecordedatthe1.inchengStationontheZhiheRrver(XingtaiCity1Hebei).TheNo.1floodofteZiyaRiverin
39、2023formedat23:00onJuly30,whentheinflowtotheHuangbizhuangReservoirontheHutuoRiverroseto3,615m3s.At02:00onJuly31,thepeakinflowtotheZhuzhuangReservoirreached7,900m3s,thesecondhighestsincemeasurementsbeganIn1975.At07:00onJuly31.thepeakinflowtotheHuangbizhuangReservoirreached6.250m3s.thefifthhighestsinc
40、ererdsbeganin1959.中回1灾害防福公报202CnaFfcodSndD0j9htOwanrPrcEEC2023永定河水系降水过程集中在7月3031日，流域平均降水量93堂米，暴雨中心位于官厅山狭区间，最大点降水为清水河清水站（北京门头沟区）1014.5亳米。7月31日11时，永定河三家店站流量涨至622立方米每秒，形成永定河2023年第1号洪水.7月31日14时，卢沟桥站洪谚流量4540立方米每秒，列1924年有实测记录以来第1位大清河水系降水过程集中在7月3031日，流域平均降水305毫米，暴雨中心位于大清河北支，最大点降水量为大石河霞云岭站（北京房山区）823毫米，7月31日
41、11时拒马河张坊站流量涨至1610立方米每秒，形成大清河2023年第1号洪水.7月31日11时大石河漫水河站洪峥流量5300立方米每秒，列1951年有实测记录以来第1位。7月31日22时拒马河张坊站洪g流SU330立方米每秒，列1952年有实测记录以来第2位.永定河北京段河道水位快速上海(8月1日)TheYongdingRiverswefedViotenayatongitsBeiingsection(AUgUSt1)PrecipitationaaosstheYongdmgRiversystemmainlyoccurredonJUty30and31,withanaveragebasin-wide
42、precipitationof93mm.ThecenteroftherainstormwaslocatedinteGuantingmountaingorgearea.withthemaximumpointprecipitationof1.014.5mmrecordedatIheQingshuiStationontheQingshuiRiVer(MenIOUgoUDistrict,Beijing).At11:00onJuly31.theflowattheSanjiadianStationontheYongdingRiverincreasedto622m3s.formingtheNo.1floodoftheYongdingRiverin2023.At14:00onJuly31,thepeakflowatte1.ugouqiaoStationratedat4,540m3s,thehighestsincemeasurementsbeganin1924.Predpitationacrossthe
