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1、时间状语从句讲解与练习作者:于爱芳来源:于爱芳时间:2013-1-1516:50:39浏览次数：2885时间状语从句讲解与练习when,While和as引导时间状语从句的用法这三个词的意思很简单，都有当时候的意思。但学生经常会问三个词的区别在哪儿，特别是在做选择题的时候。别说是学生，就我个人而言，做这样的选择题要保证百分之百的正确也是不可能的。现根据大量的实例和个人的思考，做一点小结，供大家参考.一、When的用法如果只从现象来看，when从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。1.WhenheWaSachildheWaSalwaystryingoutnewidea
2、s.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。2.WhensheCameintomyroom,1wasjustreadingabook.她走进我房间时，我正在看书。3.Wereyouwritingwhentheteachercamein?老师进来的时候，你在崎佶吗？4.Sorry,IWaSoutwhenyoucalledme.对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了5.HewasonthepointofleavingwhensomeoneknockedatIhedoor.他正要走，这时有人敲门。6.1thoughtofitjustWhenyouopenedyourmouth.就在你要说话的时候，我也想到了。7.
3、IhadhardlyscarcelyCloSedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatLhedoor.我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出-点：When从句的A事件，相当于另-个事件B发生的时间点。也就是说，when从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以When多数情况卜用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说；when从句的动词大多是瞬时动词.这种说法也可以参照。实际上，WhCn从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间
4、参照点。例如:1.WhenIgottotheairport,theguestshadleft.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们己经离开了。2.WhCnhehadfinishedhishomework,hetookashortrest.当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。3.Whydoyouwantanowjobwhenyouhavegotsuchagoodonealready?你己经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？4.YoushallborrowthebookwhenIhavefinishedreadingit.在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅5.Whenthemanagercomeshereforavi
5、sitnextweek,I11talkwithhimaboutthis.下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。二、While的用法相比于When来说，WhiIe从句的侧重点就不一样了。WhiIe从句的侧重点在于描述动作止在发生的状态，它的意思是:当While事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while从句一般用的是止在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定，例如:1,Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV,当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。2.WhiieJimwasmendinghisbike,LinT
6、aocametoseehim.正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。3.WhiIetheyweretalking,thebellrang.正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。4,YQUcantdoyourhomeworkwhileyourewatchingTV,你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。5.WhileJohnwassittingbitinghisnails,IwasworkingoutHplantogelUShome+约翰坐在那里咬指甲时，我正在制定一个回家的计划.从时间的角度来看，While表示的是一段时间，是一个过程.这是WhiIC的侧重点。因此，如果含有一段时间的含义的时候，就可以用WhiI
7、36.StrikeWhilCtheironishot.趁热打铁。这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁-如果换成When意思就变了，相当于说铁只热了一卜，打一下，然后铁就冷了。这显然不符合文意。再例:mgoingtothepostoffice.Whileyourethere,canyougetmgsomestamps?三、as的用法as从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。但与While从句不同的是，as从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。as从句一般可以翻择成“边边。例如：1.ASmymotherSangIhQSeoldsongs,IearSrandownh
8、etcheeks.当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的腌颊流了下来。2,ThestudentstocknotesastheyIiStened,学生们边听课边做笔记。3,AsWetalkedon,hegotmoreandmoreexcited,我们继续往下谈的时候，他越来越兴奋”4,ThelittlegirlsSangastheywent,小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。5,Justashecaughttheball,therewasatearingsound,当他抓住球的时候，有一种撕裂的声音。as表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as只是一个次要的时间说明，不像WhiLe从句有强调Wh
9、iIe动作本身的意思。因此,as常常翻译成随着之意。例如：1.Asthetimewenton,IheWealhergotworse.随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕如2.Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases.,随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄.3.Asyearsgoby,Chinaisgettingstrongerandricher.随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了少数情况卜，如果强调动作正在发生，as从句也可以用正在进行时。这只能算是特例了。1.Thesadmothersatontheroadside,shoutin
10、gasShCwascrying.伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫喊。2.Aswcworegoingout,itbegantosnow.正当我们出门时，雪开始下起来G3,HecameinasTwasgoingtobed.我止要上床睡觉，他进来了。四、when,while,as的互换如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when,while,as可以互换使用.这种情况下，它们的细微区别恐怕连英、美人自己也说不清了。1.When/While/AsWeweredancing,astrangercamein.当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。dance为延续性动词2,When./Whi
11、le/Asshewasmakingaphoneca1,Twaswritingaletter+当她在打电话时，我正在写信.make为延续性动词3,WhileWhenAsIWaSwalkingdownthestreet,TnoticedaPOliCeCarinfrontofthebank+我顺着马路往前走时，发现银行门前停着一辆警车。五、比较辞hila,when,as1)as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。例如：Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用When引导这个从句
12、，不可用Hg或WhiIeo例如；WhCnyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.干完活后，你可以休息一下。3）从句表示随时间推移连词能用苗，不用When或WhiI/例如；Asthedaywonton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏2）比较until和till此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意忍是做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意忍是直至某时才做某事。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以.止确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。肯定句:Isleptunti1midnight.我
13、一直睡到半夜时醒了。WaittillIcallyou.等着我叫你。（在肯定句中可用before代替。例如:LetsgetinthewheatbeforetheSUnsets.）否定句：Shedidn,tarriveuntil6o,clock.她直到6点才到。Dontgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。Ididntmanagetodoitunti1.youhadexplainedho%直到你教我后，我才会做。区别：I）UntiI可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首D例如：Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathap
14、pened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。3）untilwhen疑问句中，UnIiI要放在句首。例如:Untilwhenareyoustaying?你呆到什么时候？UntilnextMonday*呆到下周一口注意；否定句可用另外两种句式表示。4）NotUntiI在句首，主句用倒装。例如：NoIuntiltheCarlyyearsothe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis.直到19世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.直到工作，才认识到我己暖跑了许多岁月。5)
15、Itisnotuntil*4*that-.例如；ItwasnotuntilIbegantoworkthatIrealizedhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.6)表示一就的结构hard!yscarccly*whenbeforepnosooner*4-than和Hgsoona&都可以表示*一就的意思。例如:Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.刚回家，就下起雨来了Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.注意：如果hardly,scarcely
16、或noSc)OnCr置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构例如：Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadTgothomethanitbegantorain.六、练习：在下列各句的空格中填入适当的连词1.hecomestOtnorrow,1shallaskwherehehasbeen.2.hewasSPeaking,everybodylistenedcarefully.3Isawherjustshewasgettingoffthetrain.4,HaUeagoodlookatthatmanyoupasshim5.Itwasalready
17、eightoclockWegotthere.6.Iwasabouttogooutavisitorcame.7.We11gotothecountryatthebeginningofJune,thesummerharvestwillstart.8.HelearnedtospeakGermanhewasinBerlin.9.HenryisinchargeoftheofficeMr.Smithisaway.10.IlistentotherecorderIhavetime.11.HehadlearnedChinesehecametoChina.12.theworkwasdone,wesatdowntos
18、umupexperience.13.Ihaventseenhimhemovedtotheothersideofthetown.14.Iwaitedhecameback.15.ItwasnothetookoffhiseyeglassesthatIrecognizedhim.16.Shelikeseverythingtobeinplaceshestartstowork.17.Thethievesranawaytheycaughtsightofthepolice.18.Theydecidedtogobackhometheirmoneyranout.19.Weplayedoutsidetillsuns
19、ettitbegantorain20.Igettotheairport,Iwillphoneyoutopickmeup.21.Theywereabouttleaveitbegantorain.22.Healwaysstayinbedlunchtime.23.Ilikeplayingtennismyyoungersisterpreferswatchingballgames.24.25.Iunderstandyour_shegrewolder,sheviewpoint,Idontagreewithyou.becamemoreresponsible*Key1,When2,While/When3,as
20、4,when/as5,when6.When7.when8.while9.while10.whenever11.beforeI2After13.since14.till/until15.until16.before17.assoonas18before19.when20.Assoonas21.when22.until25.As23.while24.rhile综合练习十七I.单项选择。()LAACIIon)2+likepopMyBhouseisinCthepostbetweenofficeandthebank.DoverWhatsyourfavoritemusicmusicbestoftenpla
21、ybasketbal1withyou?BMyfavoritesingerisLiUHuanDMyfavoriteisEnglishAC)3.WhereisthecountryAACWhydoyou)41Yes,Tdo)5+Yes,IamYes,IamlikepandaDidyougo?TlikeasmalIone.BWhatsizepizzawouldyoulike,bestDWhereareelephantsfromshoppingyesterday?.BYes5TdidYes,IamDNo,ICoUldrrtAAADoyoulikecountry?Yes5acountryfanintere
22、stedinclassicalmusic)6+WhaldoestherocksingerlookB)7looklikeThegirlabitlittleB)&Myfriendgood-lookingBYes,IamapopfanDYes,heisafan?HeistallandCisalittlebitisalocksquiet.glrl+Bgood-looklikeIthin.DlikelittleabitDbitalittleClooking-goodDlook-good）9.Goupstairsandturnright.ACAWhatarethejazzCDsWhoisthewoman）
23、10.WhereishofromD?IBHowcanyousingthesongHeisthirteenyearsBWherearctheCDsAC）11.Doyoulikeasmall,IdlikeamediumpizzadlikeA）12.and）13.Therearc）14IsomedonBcheeseonittlikehotdogsWhydomediumBDyoulikeorlargeYes1Iold.himCpizza?likeHowoldisheDIsheverysmartCCorCwithIwantbuysomehamburgers.Dbutabottleofmilk,someh
24、otdog,andBThereis?WheredoesyourmotherdoWhatisyourmotherdoing）15.IworkinIwanttoWheredoyouworkaschoolbeateacherCSheisBD?TherehaveDanurse.WhatdoesyourmotherWhoisyourmotherBIamateacherDIgotoschoolevery11.句式转换。12345Wehadeggsandmilkforbreakfast.（改为一般疑问句）Therewasabeautifulgirlinthepark.（画线提问）Davidwenttothe
25、summercaraplastweek.（改为否定句）Theyusuallydoeshomeworkathome.（用now改写）Hewentforawalkeverymorning.（画线提问）hamburgersonthetable.Therehasdoday6.TheJapanesewomanwas70yearsold.(画线提问)III.用所给词的适当形式填空。1.LiPingdecided(make)hisbreakfast.2.Pleasehelpthechildren(do)theirhomework.3.Ifoundthelittlegirl(cry)inthecorner.4
26、.(nottake)ashowerwhenyouareillinbed.5.Let,s(buy)somehamburgersandsoda.6.Wehadfun(swim)inthewateryesterdayafternoon.7.Hisfathermadehim(go)tobedbefore10:00everyevening.8.Everystudentwants(clean)theclassroom.9.Oneoftheanimals(be)veryfriendlyandintelligent.10.ftrhocan(write)anEnglisharticle?11.Listen!Sh
27、e(sing)inthenextroom.12.He(see)thepoliceofficerlastnight.IV就下列各句提问。123456MyfavoritesingerisZhouYuming.HisfavoritegroupwasBoys&Girls.Herfavoritekindofmusicisclassical.TheytookaboytoTony*sbirthdayisTheirT-shirtsare用适当的介词填空。hospitalDecemberblueandyesterday.23rd.white.12lunch,JimlikesTakethedictionaryha
28、mburgers,chicken,andapples.myroom,please.3.Thesweatersareagoodprice.4.Heresalistnames.5.MarchisFebruaryandApril.6.WeusuallywatchTVweekends.7.Ioftengotomoviesmyfriend,Jack.8.fact,themovieisveryboring.9.ShewasbornAugust19th,1991.10.ThegirlredisMr.Green,sdaughter.11.EdEdgarsononlywatchesSPortSTV,名词基础知识
29、再现一、写出下列名词的复数形式:MonthzerokilophotopianoplantmemberfridgeGermanboytoyorangechairclassbenchglassbrushboxpencil-boxwiShinchfishwatchtomatopotatoknifehalfhousewifeleafshelfwolfthieffactorydictionarybutterflycityfamilycountrybabypolicemanpolicewomanManwomanfoottoothwomandoctorchildmousegooseChinesefishsh
30、eepdeer二、用所给词的适当形式填空:1.Therearesome(potato)inthebox.2.Look!Therearealotof(leaf)ontheground.3.Some(policeman)arestandingthere.4.Hehasthree(boy).5.Thereareafew(people)intheroom.6.Iwouldlikethree(glass)of(milk).7.Ithasfour(foot).8.Therearctwo(baby)inthecradle.9.These(watch)and(clock)aremadeinthis(city)
31、.10.Jacksfatherboughtapairofnew(shoe)forhimlastSunday.11.Thetwo(womandoctor)aremy(girlfriend)12.Pleasepassmotwopiecesof(paper).13.Tellmeiftherearetwoboxesof(pen)init.14.These(glass)aremadeof(glass).15.Howmany(time)haveyoubeentoParis?16.Tomorrowtwo(Australian)andthree(Frenchman)willvisitthevillage.17
32、.Thereissomethingwrongwithoneoftheelephant*s(foot).18.Mycousinwassohappybecausehemadefew(mistake)inhismathstest.19.ThemaniswaitingforTomsandMays(teacher).20.Theoldhouseissodirtyandtherearealotof(mouse)here.三、用名词的所有格填空:drcam to own a car. clothes aren, t cheap.1.It/severy(child)2.(Children)345678She
33、has gone to the (hairdresser)(美容师)What, s the name of (Charles)How much are you paid for a (day) Repairing the car is about five (days)work?work.Anna is a (girl) (Girls)name.names are different from (boys)names.四.单更数句型转换:单数句变复数句Thereisabookshelfinmybedroom.Shehasanolddressinherwardrobe.Iwillworkhard
34、allmylife.ThattaxidriverisXiaoHongsuncle.*Canyouseeadeerrunningintheforest?更数句变单数句Theyoungwomenareallinwhitetrousers.Theywanttobeeditors-in-chief.Theseboyswillmakefriendswiththosegirls.Theoldladieshavemanygrandchildren.A.1.2.3.4.5.B.1.2.3.4.五1.A.2.A.选择填空:TherearetwelvemonthB.monthesThreearestandingp
35、oliceB.policemanin a year.C. months over there.C. policemento the country in the war (战争).Thesoldiersgavetheir编号：时间：2021年X月X日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第14页共97页A.livesB.IifesC.life4.Look!Hereisyour.A.skirtB.shirtsC.skirts5.HalfoftheweretakeninEngland.A.photoesB.photosC.photo6.Ihavetoday.A.headacheB.aheadache
36、C.headaches7.IminterestedinoneoftheseA.storyB.storiesC.storys8.MyunclewatchedafewTVlastweek.A.PIayB.plaiesC.plays9.Shehadthreeforlunch.A.bottlesoforangejuicesB.bottleoforangejuiceC.bottlesoforangejuice10.Therearetwoontheplate.A.piecesofmeatB.pieceofmeatC.piecesofmeats11.Motherboughtapairofformelastw
37、eek.A.shoeB.glassesC.glass12.SeveralwillvisitourschoolnextMonday.A.JapanesesB.AmericansC.Englishman13.Canyougiveusanytodo?A.worksB.workerC.work14.It,saboutanwalkfromheretomyhome.A.hoursB.hoursC.hour*SKKSculUSAMUO三.dclJn+JUIdUlun。AUEU2。OJJDq.3snqAqaoUCUJl户AEPAO三FAUEUJ注OHgZAOQJUoHa。Oj.vAhOlUBJOq+jQaSD
38、OMUO+jJO(DgmO三I1SxEPS+JOQJ0IPIMNIEM9RTZ三SVEPOAnIQMDqjqslu-QaUKxxIUUOQJ.mUE曰PIo.IOJMOCW3OiMjOMO0qu三三.m.AIIEEJA三UISoiIEAs-gu心上EaslE9XqXOqIIIDUDdA5D.sq3DqJjSoS心-三LDOqJmo&aMUeMhgBPJElIEDhBn。AUAIM=-ImzsoEMQEf0ZOto-slv61Sdood3wOIdOodmQUOaodoq1曰,lAJEDIdSJEDCQclsCmoI【AUJn+jSa=IUIBHUl.Md25EjXEzq+jEmcwJE林区RM良
39、X哎XHOJ口T回骤乐SOIdoGJdMUnOA0IsjecjaEB7E.三-qspuoIi.0UoiUQDUUO03srfo-mLPnQa-UIaSJMOqUJnU三S-SOXUoIIoIgSHXllIIqISSod3ou.8AE三IXEIE0ME+jO+jnqOUOpIhjjb曰wnqw0M三-PIOSjBBjCXIcUPicjisjebaixis.8PlQLEOAlXIS.KoqWx5oq+-oo+J3.mSlPOQadgEqnoOPAUE三MOHSJDqlOZqJ?曰3S*o0-Aius工Iy.-si三oor-SOqAUSCB曰JSC0曰qq5-GOEWawc-0-oSIU5aw“Bq
40、JS88CJISmQImolJJOqSOoOUB0Qq+jJooqJ50S5EIlCJSS5EOSSEIUCE0三0C3o%oEqXIIEnSnQS-pZOMPqSPIJQm.IiSIIMUHUIwl0wIIE口UOqdIn+joxwosUqEOUdws-fflW2BqAUIuMoP5008PUEUuwUnwqJcowB3xDusesJoq.8Xleq良KQIX哎XHOJjp叵堪面.ZgV98u三5n三EJO20【E2UBuJS11U1EUWC三MSSqIUBulesnuiuqun三vPUnoJJBGJXSq+jIIESDPEJOso3OIdMoJ.QUUIAPEUE.2aoQIAIOIiUO
41、SOIE4-0d-Q-iyGSOIPBQSJD5QjqXB-Q同Z6林区2默JQSP.s*SnoTEPEqA+,ID=BldoLd6FsJIPEO05CQoJOoaELIIMMunox0AEfa0JQatjDP0寸ScQE三Q1J5二CIEABmDA.802昌。3DOalduDldno口。Ooz8SsooZAUEUJBOHgFJCm+-,0J:qAJoaUDPrnSWIT寸.EdQQUo.JDqAOUB0MoqSDSBoId.SDADISQMCDI+j-UoPI.EkwCJUBdsOUQsIoWJWsooOcPqUIoooU5EMBJ:q+jIllOoJQq+jUlPDPMo43Ow5EM+jI寸Odoq-QUAOIdq-M.mSPj:B8DDSEId二寸UO-JBULIOJUeoSPlIeMIlE.口0Q
