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1、IELTSWritingAcademybyIELTSAdVantAgeTheCompleteAtoZGuidetoIELTSReadingIELTSWritingAcademytyLTSA0whM0Clickonthewordstojumptothepage:IntroductionTheReadingTestReadingTipsQuestionTypesI. ShortAnswerII. MultipleChoiceIII. SummaryCompletionIV. MatchingSentencesV. SentenceCompletionVI. True/False/NotGivenV
2、II. Yes/No/NotGivenVIII. MatchingHeadingsIX. LabellingaDiagramX. MatchingNamesXI. MatchingInformationXII. TableCompletionContentsReadingSkillsSkimmingSkimmingStrategiesScanningScanningStrategiesCloseReadingDealingwithnewwordsContextTopicSentencesVocabularyBuildingOnlineResourcesPracticeFillingoutthe
3、answersheetIELTS Writing AcademyIntrodHowcanthisbookhelpyouwithyourreadiListeningandreadingareconsideredtheasy,partsoftheIELTStest,butthisdoesnotmeanthattheydonotrequirepreparation.Thisbookprovidesyouwiththemeansofpreparingfullyforthereadingtest.ItisdesignedasacompleteA-to-Zguideandshouldbereadinits
4、entirety.Ifyouarereadingthisbook,youalreadyhavetherequiredlevelofEnglishtodowellinbothtests.Whatyouareprobablylackingisasoundknowledgeofthestrategiesneededtogetveryhighmarks.uctionng?Thisbookwilltakeyoustep-by-stepthroughthedifferentsub-skillsthatarerequiredandthedifferentstrategiesIsuggestfordealin
5、gwithallofthedifferentquestiontypes.Thebookwillshowyou: Theformatofthetest Generaltipsandcommonmistakes Strategiesforallquestiontypes Thereadingsub-skillsthataretested Howtoimproveyourreadingskills HowtoimproveyourvocabularyTheReadingTestThreereadingtexts.Atotalofbetween2000-2700words.40questions.1h
6、ourtoanswerthem.Thetextsandquestionsgetmoredifficultasthetestprogresses.Eachreadingtextwillhave3-4differenttypesofquestion.Youhavenotimetotransferyouranswersattheend.AcademicThetextsaretakenfromjournals,magazines,books,textbooksandnewspapers.Thetextsareofanacademicnature,butyoudonotrequireaspecialis
7、tknowledgeofthesubjectstodowellinthetest.GeneralTrainingThetextsaretakenfromgeneralsources,suchasadverts,notices,governmentdocuments,manuals,leaflets,booksandmagazines.ThetextsareintendedtotestapersonsabilitytocopewitheverydaylifeinanEnglishspeakingcountry.IELTSWritingAcademy2016.Allrightsreserved.R
8、eadingTipsHowtousethese.ThesetipsaresimplytogiveyouanintroductiontoIELTSreading.Theyarenotintendedtobetheonlydocumentyoulookat.ManyIELTSstudentsthinkthat/tipsaretheonlythingstheyneedtogetagoodscore.Theyarenot.Makesureyouusetheseasanintroductionandusetherestofthedocumenttoreallyprogress.Timeisyourene
9、my.Useitwisely.Beawareofwhatsubskillstheyaretestingineachquestion.Eachdifferentquestiontyperequiresadifferentstrategy.budon,thavetounderstandeveryword.Acceptthatyouwo,tknoweverything.Read,readandthenreadsomemore.Practicemakesperfect.ReadtheinstructionsVERYcarefully.Improveyourvocabularyandyou,llimpr
10、oveyourreadingscore.0Don,twastetoomuchtimeononequestion.Ifyoudo,tknowtheanswer;moveon.Question Type # ShortAnswerQuestionsThesequestionsareoftencalledcomprehension7questionsandtheyareverycommoninEnglishclassroomsallovertheworld.Moststudentshaveansweredthesekindsofquestionsbeforeand,forthisreason,mos
11、tstudentstendtodoquitewellwiththem.Herearetheskillstestedforthesetypesofquestion:Abilitytoskimthepassagequicklyandunderstandoverallmeaning.OAbilitytoscanforspecificinformation.Understandingthequestionbeingasked.Thinkingofpossiblesynonymsandparaphrasesofkeywords.Commonproblems:Lackofawarenessofsynony
12、msandparaphrasing.Goingoverthewordlimit.Readingeverysinglewordinsteadofskimmingandscanning.Panickingwhenyouseeawordorphraseyoudon,tunderstand.TipsforshortanswerquestionsTheanswersappearinthesameorderasthetext.Lookatandunderstandthequestionsfirst,beforeyoustartreadingthetext.Whatisthequestionactually
13、asking?Youwillprobablybegivenawordlimit,forexamplezNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSAND/ORANUMBER/Makesureyoudontgooverthislimit.Theanswersdonotneedtobegrammaticallycorrect,justshortanswers.Don/tgiveyouropinion,justgivetheanswerthatisinthetext.Keywordsinthequestionwillnormallybenounsornounphrases.Whenyoufindyour
14、keywords,alwaysthinkaboutsynonymsandparaphrases.StrategyforShortAnswerQuestions.Readtheinstructionscarefullyandnotethewordlimit.2. Readandunderstandthequestions.Thinkabouttheinformationyouwillneedtofind.3. Underlineanykeywordsinthequestions.4. Thinkaboutsynonymsorparaphrasesforthesekeywords.5. Findt
15、hepartofthetextthequestionrelatesto.6. Readthequestionagain.7. Readthesectioncontainingtheanswercarefullyandidentifytheanswer.8. Continuewiththenextquestionandrepeatuntilfinished.Question Type # 2MultipleChoiceQuestionsOnboththeacademicandgeneralIELTSreadingpapersyouarelikelytobeaskedmultiplechoiceq
16、uestions(MCQs).Youjobistosimplychoosethecorrectanswerfromalistofpossiblechoices.Herearetheskillstestedforthesetypesofquestion:Understandingthemainideascontainedinatext.OAbiIitytoscanforspecificinformation.Readingindetailforunderstanding.Differentiatingbetweentwoormorepossibleanswers.Commonproblems:R
17、eadingthetextbeforelookingatthequestions.Notansweringthequestionsatall.Beingtrickedbydistractors,suchasqualifyingwords.Notreadingtlequestionsortextcarefully.Be aware of zdistractorsz.Don/t panic if you dont know anything about the topic.Try to predict the correct answer before you read the text.Care
18、fully read all of the options before making your final decision.The answers will be in the same order as the text.TipsformultiplechoicequestionsReadthequestionsbeforeyoureadthetext.Alwayswriteananswer.Itisbettertoguessthannotansweratall.Trytonarrowthechoicesdownto2or3outofthe4possibleanswers.Thiswil
19、lincreaseyouroddsofgettingthequestioncorrect.Ifyouareunsureofthemeaning,tryrephrasingtheanswersinyourownwords.eltsw-cademyStrategyforMultipleChoiceQuestions1. Readthequestionscarefully.2. Skimthetexttogetthegeneralmeaning.3. Underlineanykeywordsinthequestion,andthinkaboutanysynonymsthatmightappearin
20、thetext.4. Readthechoicesandunderlineanykeywords.Thinkaboutthedifferencesinmeaningbetweenthedifferentchoices.5. Predictthecorrectanswer.6. Readthetextand,usingkeywordsandsynonyms,locatethepartcontainingtheanswers.7. Readthatpartofthetextverycarefully,thinkingaboutthedifferenceinmeanings.8. Don,tonly
21、thinkaboutwhichoptionsarecorrect,butthinkabouthowtheotheroptionsarewrong.9. Gobackandreadthequestionagain,thenmarkyourfinalchoice.Question Type # 3SummaryCompletionYouwillbegivenasummaryofinformationfromthetextandtherewillbesomegapsinthatsummary.Youwilleitherbegivenalistofwordstofillthegapswith,oras
22、kedtofindtheanswersinthereadingtext.Yourjobistoinsertsomeofthewordsfromthelistintothegaps,or;ifasked,tofillthegapswithwordsfromthetext.Therewillbemorewordsinthelistthanrequiredtofillthegaps.Skillstested:OScanningforthecorrectinformationinthetext.Beingabletoidentifysynonymsandparaphrases.Understandin
23、gthegeneralmeaningofthesummary.Commonproblems:Tryingtofullyunderstandeverypartofthetext.Notbeingawareofsynonymsandparaphrasing.Ignoringcorrectuseofgrammar.Copyingwordsfromthetextinsteadofusingsynonymsorparaphrase.TipsforsummarycompletionTrytopredicttheanswersbeforeyoulookattheoptionsorthetext.Thiswi
24、llhelpyouspotthecorrectanswer.Shouldthegapbefilledwithaverb,anoun,anadjectiveoranadverb?Ifyouranswermakesthesentencegrammaticallywrong,thenyouhavethewronganswer.Dont spend too much time looking for the answer to one question. If you can,t find it, mark what you think it might be and move on. Focusin
25、g on the easier answers is a better use of your time.If you get a list of words, think about the ones that can,t be the correct answer because of meaning or grammar. You can then eliminate these words.Lookforsynonymsandparaphrasesinthetextratherthanwordsthatmatchdirectly.StrategyforSummaryCompletion
26、.Readthequestioncarefully.Notehowmanywordsyoucanwrite(normallyone,twoorthree),andifyoushouldgetthewordsfromthereadingtextoralist.2. Skimthesummaryandtrytounderstandtheoverallmeaning.3. Trytopredicttheanswersbeforeyoulookatthereadingtext.Also,thinkaboutthewordtype(noun,verb,adjective)thatshouldbeincl
27、uded.4. Ifyouhavealistofwords,trytoguesswhich2or3theanswermightbe.Payattentiontowordsthatcollocatewellwiththewordsinthesentence.5. Identifywhichpartofthereadingtextthesummaryrelatesto.Scanningforsynonymsfromthesummarywillhelpyoudothis.6. Lookatthatpartofthesectionmorecarefullyandchoosethecorrectansw
28、er.Remembertobecarefulwithsynonyms.7. Checktoseeifyourwordmakesthesentencegrammaticallycorrect.Question Type # 4MatchingSentencesYouwillbegivenalistofincompletesentenceswithnoendingsandanotherlistwithpossibleendings.Yourjobistomatchtheincompletesentenceswiththecorrectendingbasedonthereadingtext.This
29、isnotoneofthemorecommonquestions,butshouldbestudiedallthesame.Skillstested:Prediction.Beingabletoidentifysynonymsandparaphrases.Understandinghowtheideasinthesentencesareconnectedtothemainideasinthereadingtext.Commonproblems:Notreadingorfullyunderstandingthecorrectpartsoftlereadingtext.Notbeingawareo
30、fsynonymsandparaphrasing.Lookingfortheexactwordsinthereadingtext,ratlerthansynonyms.Tryingtocompletethesentencesusinglogicorgrammar,rathertlanusingthereadingtext.TipsformatchingsentencesTheanswersareinthesameorderinthetextastheyareinthequestions.Locatequestiononefirst,andthenyouknowwheretobegin.Tryt
31、opredicthoweachsentencewillendbeforeyoulookattheendings.Startwiththeincompletesentencesfirstbeforeyoulookattheendingsorthetext.Therearemoreendingsthanrequired,solookingatalloftheseindetailisawasteoftime.Spendmoretimeonthefirstquestionbecausethiswillbethemostdifficult.Thinkofsynonymsandparaphrasestha
32、ttheexaminerscouldbeusinginsteadoftheexactsamewords.Allofthesentenceendingsappearinthetext,butyoudontneedtoreadallofthem,justtheonesthatyoudecidetomatchwiththeincompletesentences.Whenhighlightingkeywords,itisoftenagoodideatohighlightanynames,includingplacenames,ordates.Theseareofteneasytofindinthere
33、adingtext.Don/tjustmatchwords.Makesurethemeaninginthereadingtextmatches.StrategyforMatchingSentences.Readthequestioncarefully.2. Readtheincompletesentencesfirst,anddon,tlookattheendingsyet.Trytounderstandwhattheymeanandhighlightanykeywordsespeciallynames,placesordates.3. Predictwhattheendingsmightbe
34、beforelookingatthem.Thinkaboutwhatwordtype(verbs,nouns,adjectives,adverbs)makesthesentencegrammaticallycorrect.4. Lookattheendingsbutnotintoomuchdetail.Trytoseeifthereareanyobviousanswers.5. Eliminateendingsthatdefinitelycannotmatch.Thinkaboutgrammar,collocationsandmeaning.6. Matchtheendingsyouthink
35、mightbecorrect.Writetwoorthreeoptionsifnecessary.7. Findthecorrectpartofthereadingtextforeachincompletesentence.Becarefulwithsynonymsandparaphrases.8. Understandthemeaningofthatpartofthetextandchoosethecorrectanswer.QuestionType#5SentenceCompletionYouwillbegivenanumberOfsentenceswithgapsinthem,andas
36、kedtocompletethesentenceswithwordsfromthereadingtext.Thesequestionsareasmuchvocabularytestsastheyarereadingtests.Theyrequireyoutobeawareofparaphrasing(usingdifferentwordstorepeatasentencesothatithasthesamemeaning)andsynonyms(wordswiththesameorverysimilarmeanings).Skillstested:Understandingwhatsynony
37、msandparaphrasingare.BeingabletoidentifysynonymsandparaphrasesScanningforthecorrectanswer.Commonproblems:Tryingtomatchwordsinthequestionwiththeexactsamewordsinthereadingtext.Notbeingawareofsynonymsandparaphrasing.Notreadingtheinstructionsproperly.Readingthetextbeforetlequestion.Tipsforsentencecomple
38、tionCheckhowmanywordsitasksyoutowrite.Ifitsaysnomorethantwo：youcanwriteoneortwowords.Ifitsaysnomorethanthree,youcanwriteone,twoorthreewords.Sometimesthequestionwillstateusingwordsfromthetext,orzfromthetext,.Inthiscaseyoushouldonlyusewordsfromthetextandnotchangethemorusedifferentformsofthewords.Ifitd
39、oesnotsaythis,thenyouareallowedtochangethewordsaslongasthemeaningisthesame.Whenscanningforyouranswer;makesureyouarethinkingaboutparaphrasingandsynonyms.Rememberthatyouranswershouldbegrammaticallycorrect.Readthequestionsbeforereadingthetext.Findwheretheanswerislocatedinthetextbeforeyoutrytoanswertheq
40、uestion.Remembeowherebeforewhat.Theanswersappearinthesameorderasthequestions.StrategyforSentenceCompletion.Readtheinstructionscarefully,notinghowmanywordsyoucanwrite,andiftheywantyoutoincludetheexactwordsfromthequestionornot.2. Readtheincompletesentencesfirst.Thinkaboutwhatwordformcanbeused,andtryto
41、predicttheanswer.Alsothinkaboutkeywordsandhowtheycouldberepresentedbysynonymsorparaphrasing.3. Locatewheretheinformationislocatedbyscanningquickly.Ifyoucantlocatetheanswerquickly,moveon.4. Readtheincompletesentenceagain.5. Studythereadingtextmorecarefullytoestablishtheanswer.6. Checkyourspelling.7.
42、Repeatwiththeothersentences.Question Type # 6True/False/NotGivenTrue,False,NotGiven,questionsrequireyoutoidentifyifinformationinatextistrue,nottrueornotgiven.Youwillbegivenanumberoffactualstatementsandyouhavetocheckinthetextifittheyaretrueornot.Thisisprobablythemostdifficultquestiontypeonthereadingp
43、aper.Whatdotheymean?Ifthetextagreeswithorconfirmstheinformationinthestatement,theanswerisTRUE.Ifthetextcontradictsoristheoppositetotheinformationinthestatement,theanswerisFALSE.Ifthereisnoinformationoritisimpossibletoknow,theanswerisNOTGIVEN.IELTSWritingAcademyCommonproblems:Notunderstandingwhatotgi
44、ven,means.Spendingtoomuchtimemakingsuretlatitisnotgiven,.Afailuretounderstandexactlywhateachstatementmeans,andthereforebeingunabletoidentifyifitistrueorfalse.Focusingonkeywordsinsteadofunderstandingwhattlestatementasawholemeans.Tips forTrue/False/NGThere will be at least one of all three answers. If
45、you dont have at least one true： one zfalse, or one not given,z you have at least one answer wrong.Don/t skim and scan the text to find the final answer. You will have to read the appropriate part of the text very carefully in order to understand what the author means.Dont look for words that match
46、those in the statements exactly. You should also look for synonyms. Remember that you are matching meaning, not words.Ignoreanythingyoualreadyknowaboutthetopicanddontmakeassumptions.Baseyouranswersonthetextonly.Identifyanywordsthatqualifythestatement,forexample-some,all,mainly,often,alwaysandoccasio
47、nally.Thesewordsaretheretotestifyouhavereadthewholestatementbecausetheycanchangethemeaning.Becarefulwhenyouseeverbsthatqualifystatements,suchassuggest,claim,believeandknow.MoreTipsforTrue/False/NGIfyoucan,tfindtheinformationyouarelookingfor;thenitisprobablynotgiven,.Dontwastetimelookingforsomethingthatisnotthere.Ifyouhavenoideawhattheansweris,putnotgiven*.Youprobablyhavenoideabecausetheanswerisnotthere
