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1、美国名人记者，作家雅各布里斯JacobRiis:AReporterandWriterWhoWorkedtoMakeNewYorkCityaBetterPlaceforthePoorplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:34repeatByHerbertSutcliffe2006-7-22VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRayFreemanwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.Everyweekatthistime,theVoiceofAmericatellsabouts
2、omeoneimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.ThisweekwetellaboutJacobRiis.Hewasawriterwhousedallhisenergytomaketheworldabetterplaceforpoorpeople.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Inthespringofeighteenseventy,ayoungmantraveledacrosstheAtlanticOceantoNewYorkCity.TheyoungmancamefromDenmark.HisnamewasJacobRiis.Hewasjustt
3、wenty-oneyearsold.HisfirstyearsintheUnitedStatesweredifficult,likethoseofmostimmigrantsatthattime.Itwasdifficulttogetajob.JacobRiiswentfromplacetoplaceseekingwork.Hedidanykindofworkhecouldfind.Farming,coalmining,brick-making.Heeventriedtoearnmoneyasapeddler.Hewentfromhousetohousesellingthings.Manyti
4、meshesleptwhereverhecould.Soonhewasbeginningtolosehope.HedecidedtoleaveNewYork.Hestartedtowalknorth.Afteratime,hearrivedintheBronx,thenorthernpartofNewYorkCity.Hisfeetburnedwithpain.Andhewashungry.VOICETWO:Ihadnoteatenathingsincethedaybefore.Ihadnobreakfast,anddecidedtohaveaswimintheBronxRiver,inste
5、ad.Butthatdidnothelp.IwasjustashungrywhenIcameoutofthewater.ThenIwalkedslowlytoFordhamCollege,whichwasnotfarfromwhereIwas.ThedoorstoFordhamCollegewereopen,andIwalkedin,fornoreason.Iwasjusttiredandhadnothingelsetodo.FordhamisaCatholiccollege.AndanoldmonkcametomeandaskedinakindvoiceifIwashungry.Istill
6、rememberinmydreamsatnightthebeautifulfaceofthatoldmonk.Iwasterriblyhungry,andsaidIwas,althoughIdidnotmeantodoso.Ihadneverseenareallivemonkbefore.MyownreligiouseducationasaLutherandidnotteachmetolikeCatholicmonks.Iatethefoodthatwasbroughttome.ButIwastroubled.Iwasafraidthataftergivingmefood,thechurchm
7、anwouldaskmetochangemyreligiousbeliefs.Isaidtomyself:Iamnotgoingtodoit.ButwhenIhadeaten,Iwasnotaskedtodoanything.IwasgivenmorefoodwhenIleft,andcontinuedonmyway.IwasangrywithmyselfforhavingsuchbadthoughtsabouttheCatholicchurchmenatFordhamCollege.Forthefirsttime,Ilearnedsomethingabouthowtolivewithpeop
8、leofdifferentreligiousbeliefs.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.ater;JacobRiislearnedmoreaboutlikingpeople,eveniftheyaredifferent.Thistime,ithappenedwhilehewasworkingonarailroadwithmenwhodidroughworkandlookedrough.VOICETWO:Ihadneverdonethatsortofwork,anditwasnottherightjobforme.Ididmybesttoworkliketheothermen.Butmy
9、chestfeltheavy,andmyheartpoundedinmybodyasifitweregoingtoexplode.TherewerenineteenIrishmeninthegroup.Theywerebig,roughfellows.TheyhadchosenmeastheonlyDutchman-astheycalledme-tomakethemlaugh.Theyweregoingtousemeaspartoftheirjokes.Butthentheysawthatthejobwasjusttoohardforme.Thismadethemfeeldifferentab
10、outme.Itshowedanothersidetothesefun-loving,big-heartedpeople.Theythoughtofmanywaystogetmeawayfromtheveryroughwork.Onewastogetmetobringwaterforthem.Theylikedstrongerthingstodrinkthanwater.Butnowtheysuddenlywantedwaterallthetime.Ihadtowalkalongwayforthewater.Butitstoppedmefromdoingtheworkthatwastoohar
11、dforme.Thesepeoplewereveryroughintheirways.Butbehindtheroughnesstheyweregoodmen.VOICEONE:Atlast,JacobRiisgotajobwritingforanewspaperinNewYorkCity.Thiswashischance.Hefinallyhadfoundaprofessionthatwouldleadtohislifework-makingtheworldabetterplaceforpoorpeople.Thenewspapersenthimtopoliceheadquartersfor
12、stories.Therehesawlifeatitsworst,especiallyinaverypoorpartofNewYorkwhichwasknownasMulberryBend.VOICETWO:Itwasnoplaceformenandwomen.Andsurelynoplaceforlittlechildren.Itwasaterribleslumassuchplacesarecalled-wheretoomanyarecrowdedtogether,wherethehousesandstreetsaredirtyandfullofrats.Theplacebegantotro
13、ublemeasthetruthaboutitbecameclear.Otherswerenottroubled.TheyhadnowayoffindingouthowterriblethelivesofpeoplewereinMulberryBend.Butasanewspaperreporter,Icouldfindthetruth.SoIwentthroughthedarkdirtystreetsandhouses,andsawhowthepeoplesufferedinthisarea.AndIwrotemanystoriesaboutthelifethere.Ididgoodwork
14、asapolicereporter,butwantedachange.Myeditorsaid,no.HeaskedmetogobacktoMulberryBendandstaythere.HesaidIwasfindingsomethingtherethatneededme.VOICEONE:ThewordsofJacobRiiseditorprovedtobeverytrue.Riisstartedapersonalwaragainstslumhouses,thesorthesawinMulberryBend.Helearnedtouseacameratoshowthepublicclea
15、rlywhattheMulberryBendslumwaslike.Thecameraintheeighteeneightieswasnothinglikeitistoday.ButRiisgothispictures.VOICETWO:Imadegooduseofthemquickly.Wordscouldgetnoactiontochangethings.Butthepicturesdid.Whatthecamerashowedwassopowerfulthatthecityshealthofficialsstartedtodosomething.AtlastIhadastrongpart
16、nerinthefightagainstMulberryBend-mycamera.,(MUSIC)VOICEONE:JacobRiiscontinuedthefighttocleanuptheslumsformanyyears.Therewerenotmanypeopletohelphim.Itwasalonelyfight.ButhiscameraandfightingwordshelpedtogetalawpassedwhichwoulddestroytheMulberryBendslum.Finally,thegreatdaycame.Theslumhousingwasgone.The
17、areahadbecomeapark.VOICETWO:Whentheyhadfixedthegroundsothegrasscouldgrow,Isawchildrendancingthereinthesunlight.Theyweregoingtohaveabetterlife,thankGod.Wehadgiventhemtheirlostchance.Ilookedatthesedancingchildrenandsawhowhappytheywere.Thisplacethathadbeenfullofcrimeandmurderbecamethemostorderlyintheci
18、ty.ThemurdersandcrimesdisappearedwhentheyletsunlightcomeintotheBend.Thesunlightthatshoneuponchildrenwhohad,atIastztherighttoplay.ThatwaswhattheMulberryBendParkmeant.SotheBendwent.AndIwasveryhappythatIhadhelpedtomakeitgo.,VOICEONE:ThatwasnotRiislastbattletomakelifecleanerandbetterformanypeople.Hehadg
19、reatenergy.Andhisloveforpeoplewasasgreatashisenergy.HestartedacampaigntogetcleanwaterforthestateofNewYork.Heshowedthatwaterforthestatewasnothealthyforpeople.Stateofficialswereforcedtotakeactionsthatwouldcleanthewater.Healsoworkedtogetlawsagainstchildlabor,andmadesurethattheselawswereobeyed.Inthoseda
20、ys,whenRiiswasafightingnewspaperreporter;lawsagainstchildlaborweresomethingnew.Peopledidnotobjecttomakingyoungchildrenworklonghours,inplacesthathadbadairandbadlight.ButintheUnitedStatestoday,childlaborisnotlegal.ItwasbecauseofmenlikeJacobRiisthatthisisso.Hewasalsosuccessfulingettingplaygroundsforchi
21、ldren.Andhehelpedestablishcentersforeducationandfunforolderpeople.HisbookzHowtheOtherHalfLives/waspublishedineighteenninety.Hebecamefamous.Thatbookandhisnewspaperreportsinfluencedmanypeople.TheodoreRoosevelt,wholaterbecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates,calledRiisthemostusefulcitizeninNewYorkCity.Riiscon
22、tinuedtowriteaboutconditionsthatwereinneedofmajorreform.HistwelvebooksincludingChildrenofthePoorhelpedimproveconditionsinthecity.Thebooksalsomadehimpopularasaspeakerinothercities.JacobRiissconcernforthepoorkepthimsobusywritingandspeakingaroundthecountrythatheruinedhishealth.Hediedinnineteenfourteen.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyHerbertSutcliffeandproducedbyLawanDavis.ImRayFreeman.VOICEONE:AndmShirleyGriffith.ListenagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
