美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx

上传人:夺命阿水 文档编号:936279 上传时间:2024-01-20 格式:DOCX 页数:4 大小:28.75KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共4页
美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共4页
美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共4页
美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共4页
亲,该文档总共4页,全部预览完了,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述

《美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《美国总统5 詹姆斯门罗.docx(4页珍藏版)》请在课桌文档上搜索。

1、美国总统5詹姆斯门罗JamesMonroe:LastoftheCockedHatsVOALearningEnglishpresentsAmericasPresidents.JamesMonroeeasilywonelectionin1816.Hehadarelaxed,likeablepersonalityandwaspopularwithvoters.Inaddition,manysawhimasalastconnectiontothecountrysfoundinggeneration.MonroehadfoughtinGeorgeWashingtonsarmyduringtheRevol

2、utionaryWaragainstBritishrule.HewasadiplomatduringThomasJeffersonspresidencyandhelpedcompletetheLouisianaPurchase.MonroeservedasJamesMadisonssecretaryofstateandbrieflyashissecretaryofwar,aswell-duringtheWarof1812.VoterspositivefeelingscarriedMonroeintoofficeanddefinedhispresidency.EraofGoodFeelingsW

3、henMonroebecamepresident,theUnitedStateshadjustdeclaredvictoryagainstBritishforcesintheWarof1812.TheAmericaneconomyalsowasdoingwell,atleastatfirst.Andthegovernmentwasmostlyunitedunderasingleparty.ButMonroedidhaveoneimmediateproblem:Heandhiswife,Elizabeth,couldnotmoveintothepresidentshouserightaway.T

4、heBritishhadburneditbadlyinanattackonWashington,D.C.Workerswerebusymakingrepairs.So,Monroedecidedtogoonatrip.Hespentthefirstweeksofhispresidencytraveling.HewentnorthintoNewEngland,visitingimportantplacesfromtheRevolutionaryWarortheWarof1812.EverywherehewentheremindedAmericansoftheirshared,proudhisto

5、ry.Heevenworeclothesintheoldcolonialstyle.OneofMonroesnicknamesisthelastofthecockedhats.ThenPresidentMonroeturnedwest,towardlandsthatwhitemigrantswereincreasinglysettling.TheywereabletomovewestinpartbecauseAmericansoldiershaddefeatedapowerfulallianceofNativeAmericantribes.WhathadbeenavictoryfortheU.

6、S.governmentwasacrushinglossforNativeAmericans.Manytribesmovedfartherwest.Othersbegantolosetheirlanguagesandtheircustomsaswhitesettlerstookcontrol.ForMonroe,however,thevisitwestwasapositivesignofthecountrysexpansion.BythetimehereturnedtoWashington,MonroehadmetmanyAmericans.Hehadlearnedforhimselftheg

7、eographyofthecountry.AndhehaddemonstratedthatallpartsoftheU.S.couldbeconnectedbypatriotismandacommonfederalgovernment.OnenewspapercalledMonroespresidencythebeginningofanEraofGoodFeelings.Fouryearslater,Monroewonasecondtermevenmoreeasilythanhisfirst.TheMissouriCompromiseYetJamesMonroespresidencyhadse

8、veralcrises.Onewasthecountrysfirsteconomicdepressioninmorethan30years.Anotherwasoverslavery.Thecountryhadbeendividedovertheissuesinceitsfounding.Bytheendof1819,elevenstates,allintheSouth,permittedslavery.Elevenstates,allintheNorth,didnot.Thequestionbecame:WouldthenewstatesintheWestpermitit?Monroehad

9、tofacethequestionwhensettlersaskedCongresspermissionforMissouriTerritorytobecomeastate.Manyenslavedpeoplealreadylivedthere.Whitesettlersexpectedtobringmore.ButamemberofCongressfromaNorthernstateproposedthatMissouricouldbecomeastateonlyifitbannedslavery.Thatproposalstartedadebatethatlastedmorethanaye

10、ar.Forthemostpart,thedebatewasnotbasedonthemoralproblemswithpeopleowningotherpeople.Instead,itinvolvedeconomicandpoliticalconcerns.Northernersarguedthatslave-holdingstateshadanunfaireconomicadvantage.Inaddition,ifMissourienteredtheUnionasaslavestate,itslawmakerswouldmovethebalanceofpowertowardtheSou

11、th.ThedebatecontinuedsolongthatanotherareaaskedtoentertheUnion.PeopleinnorthernMassachusettswantedtoorganizeintoanindependentstatecalledMaine.Aftersometime,lawmakersofferedacompromise.TheysaidMainecouldbeadmittedasafreestateandMissouriasaslavestate.Buttheyalsomadealineacrossamapofthecountry.Theysaid

12、Congresswouldnotadmitanotherslavestatenorthofthatline.JamesMonroesignedintolawwhatbecameknownastheMissouriCompromise.Itsettledtheissueofslavery,atleastofficially,intheU.S.formorethan20years.Buteveryoneknewthatthepeacebetweenpro-slaveryandanti-slaverygroupswasonlytemporary.TheMonroeDoctrineIn1823,Mon

13、roemadeoneofthemostimportantforeignpolicydecisionsinAmericanhistory.ItbecameknownastheMonroeDoctrine.ItrelatedtoSpainscoloniesinLatinAmerica.MonroehaddealtwithSpainbefore.Inhisfirstterm,heandhissecretaryofstatezJohnQuincyAdamszsuccessfullynegotiatedwithSpaintobuyFloridafortheUnitedStates.ByMonroesse

14、condterm,SpainhadalsolostcontrolofsomeofitsformercoloniesinLatinAmerica.ThepresidentbecameconcernedthatSpainsEuropeanallieswouldtrytohelpthecountryre-gainpower.HedidnotwantEuropeanpowersinterferinginareassoclosetoU.S.territoryandsoimportanttoU.S.trade.SoMonroegaveaspeechtoCongress.HesaidtheU.S.would

15、stayoutofEuropesaffairs.ButhesaidEuropeshouldalsostayoutofLatinAmericasaffairs.AndzMonroedeclaredthatEuropeanpowerswouldnotbepermittedtobegincolonizinganyareaintheWesternHemisphere.Inotherwords,MonroedeclaredthattheU.S.consideredtheentireWesternHemisphereitssphereofinfluence.HistoriansnotethatMonroe

16、didnotaimforthedeclarationtobeamajorstatement.ButitbecameabaseofAmericanforeignpolicyandsupportedU.S.expansionthroughoutthe19thcentury.FinalyearsJamesMonroewasthefourthandlastpresidentintheVirginiaDynasty.ExceptforJohnAdams,fourofthefirstfiveAmericanpresidentswerefromVirginia.Monroeandhiswifereturne

17、dtotheirhomethereafterheleftoffice.Theyhadacloserelationshipwitheachother,aswellaswiththeirtwosurvivingchildren,bothdaughters.Unlikemanypoliticiansofhistime,Monroehadbroughthisfamilywithhimonhistravels.Healsobelievedstronglyineducationforgirls.WhentheMonroeslivedinFrance,youngElizaMonroeattendedtheb

18、estschoolforgirlsinParis.Thislovingfamilyspentasmuchtimetogetheraspossible.So,whenElizabethMonroedied,JamesMonroewasfilledwithsorrow.Hishealthalsobegantofail.Hemovedtothehouseofhisyoungerdaughter,Maria,inNewYorkCity.JamesMonroediedthereoneyearIaterzatage73.1.iketwootherformerpresidents,Monroediedont

19、he4thofJuly-Americasbirthday.mKellyJeanKelly.KellyJeanKellywrotethisstoryforLearningEnglish.CatyWeaverwastheeditor.WordsinThisStoryrelaxed-adj.informalandcomfortablepositive-adj.hopefulandoptimisticremind-v.makesomeonethinkaboutsomethingagaingeography-n.thenaturalfeaturesofaplaceadvantage-n.aconditionthathelpstomakesomethingbetterormorelikelytosucceedthanothersaffair-n.amatterthatconcernsorinvolvessomeonesphereofinfluence-n.anareaofcontroloractivitydynasty-n.afamily,team,etc.,thatisverypowerfulorsuccessfulforalongperiodoftime

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 在线阅读 > 生活休闲


备案号:宁ICP备20000045号-1

经营许可证:宁B2-20210002

宁公网安备 64010402000986号