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1、静态路由和默认路由实验报告实验名称：静态路由和默认路由配置班级：姓名：学号：实验地点：日期：实验涉及到的基本概念和理论静态路由：静态路由是指由网络管理员手工配置的路由信息。当网络的拓扑结构或链路的状态发生变化时，网络管理员需要手工去修改路由表中相关的静态路由信息。静态路由配置命令：目的网络的IP地址+子网掩码+下一跳IP地址静态路由的标志：S默认路由：默认路由是一种特殊的静态路由,指的是当路由表中与包的目的地址之间没有匹配的表项时路由器能够做出的选择.如果没有默认路由,那么目的地址在路由表中没有匹配表项的包将被丢弃.默认路由在某些时候非常有效,当存在末梢网络时,默认路由会大大简化路由器的配置,
2、减轻管理员的工作负担,提高网络性能默认路由配置命令：o.o.o.o+0.0.0.0+下一跳IP地址默认路由的标志：S*一、实验目的通过该试验，掌握静态路由和默认路由的配置操作方法和验证，掌握静态路由的配置场景和默认路由配置的应用背景。为今后CCNA的学习打下路由的基础。二、实验要求给定192.168.1.0/24的地址，本实验要达到如下要求:1、子网的划分和依据，子网掩码的设置。2、静态路由的配置3、默认路由的配置4、验证配置的正确性5、静态路由和默认路由的应用场合三、实验拓扑= OL-TFaO1841192.168.1.2255. 255. 255.192192.168.1.193255.
3、255. 255. 192192. 168. 1.65255.255.255.192192.168.1.66255.255.255.1921841B 192.168.1.129255.255.255.1921841192.168. 1. 130 c255.255.255. 192提问:1、此刻，全网是否能通信？2、如何能把灯全部变绿灯?提问：1、此刻，全网是否能通信？2、还需要什么才能通信？四、实验设备1、路由器3个2、PC机两台3、交叉线数条4、PacketTracer软件五、实验过程和主要步骤步骤L子网的划分和子网掩码的配置将给定网络地址192.168.1.0/24划分为4个子网，分别为1
4、92.168.1.0/26192.168.1.64/26192.168.1.128/26192.168.1.192/26子网掩码是255.255.255.192步骤2：3个路由器和2个PC机上的ip地址配置设备接口IP子网掩码路由器AFastEthernetO/O192.168.1.2/26255.255.255.192FastEthernet1/0192.168.1.65/26255.255.255.192路由器BFastEthernetO/O192.168.1.129/26255.255.255.192EastEthernet1/0192.168.1.66/26255.255.255.19
5、2路由器CFastEthernetO/0192.168.1.130/26255.255.255.192FastEthernetl/O192.168.1.193/26255.255.255.192PC_0LAN192.168.1.1/26255.255.255.192PC_1LAN192.168.1.194/26255.255.255.192甲PCOS-一，MP配置IIP配置TC向至自动获取IP地址子网掩码默认网关DNS服务器手动设置IPSSS自动获取。手动设置192.168.1.1IP地址192,168.1,194255.255.255.192子网推码255.255.255.192192.16
6、8.1.2默认网关192.168.1.1930.0.0.0DNS服务器PCO配置:PCl配置:路由器A的接口配置：Continuewithconfiscationdialog?yesno:noPressRETURNtogetstarred!RouterRoucerenaRouterenableRoucertconfRoutertconfiguceConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetworkterminal?Enterconfigurationconmandsroneperline.ndwithCNTL/Z.RoUCer(config)tintRouter(C
7、onfig)interfacefRouter(config)tinerfaceEagtEthemet0/0Router(config-if)tipadRouter(config-if)tipaddress192.168.1.22SS.2S5.2S5.192Router(config-if)tnoshRoucer(config-if)tnoshutdownRouter(config-if)t%LINK-5-CHANGSD:InterfaceFastSthernetOZOrchangedstatetoup%LINPR0T0-5-UPXWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceFastZt
8、hernetOZO,changedStaCeOupRouter(config-if)texRouter(config)tintRoutes(config)fincerfacefRoucer(config)tinterfacefastthemet0/1Router(Config-If)tipadRouter(config-if)tipaddress192.168.1一652SS.255.255.192Router(config-if)tnoshRouter(config-if)tnoshutdownRouter(config-if)t%LINK-5-CHANGED:InterfaceFaatSt
9、hernetO/!rchangedstatetoup路由器B的接口配置:ContinueWiChUonfigUratiOndialog?(yesno:noPressRSTURNtogetsmarted!RoucerenaRoucerenableRoucerfconfRoutertconfigureConficfuringfromterminal,memory,ornetworkterminal?Enterconfigurationconands,oneperline.ndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)tintRourec(conig)interfacefRoucer(con
10、fig)tinterfacefaatthernet0/0Router(config-if)tipadRouter(config-if)tipaddress192.168.1.129255.25S.255.192Router(config-if)#noshRouter(config-if)#noshutdownRouner(config-if)t%LINK-S-CHANG三D:InterfaceFastSthernetOZO,changedstaetoupRouter(config-if)#ex%Invalidinputdetectedat,*marker.Router(config-if)#e
11、xRouter(config)tintRouter(config)tinterfacefRouter(config)tinterfacefastthernet0/1Rourer(config-if)tipaddRouter(config-if)tipaddress192.168.1.66255.255.255.192Router(config-if)tnoshRouter(config-if)tnoshutdownRoutec(config-if)t%LINK-5-CHANGD:InterfaceFastSthernetO/!,changedstatetoup%LIN三PR0T0-5-UPD0
12、WN:LineprotocolonInterfaceFasthernetOl,changedstatetoup路由器C的配置:ContinueWithconfigurationdialog?yesno:noPressRHTURNtogetstarted!RouterenableRoucertconfiguceConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetworkterminal?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.ndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)(interfacefastechernet0/0Router
13、(config-if)tipaddress192.168.1.1302SS.2S5.2SS.192Router(config-if)tnoshutdownRouter(config-if)#%LINK-S-CHANG三D:InterfaceFaatithernetOZO,changedstaetoup%LINPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceFaatithernetOZO,changedstatetoupRouter(config-if)texRouter(config)tincecfacefastethernet0/1Router(Config-If
14、)#ipaddress192.168.1.193255.2S5.2S5.192Router(config-if)tnoshutdownRouter(config-if)t%LINK-5-CHANGD:InterfaceFastEthernet0/1,changedstatetoup%LINPR0T0-5-UPD0WN:LineprotocolonInterfaceFastZthernetO/!rchangedstatetoupRouter(config-if)|步骤3：在路由器A配置一条默认路由Router(Config)tiproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.1.66Ro
15、ucer(config)#步骤4：在路由器B配置2条静态路由Router(config)tiproute192.168.1.0255.255.255.192192.168.1.65Router(config)tiproute192.168.1.192255.255.255.192192.168.1.130步骤5：在路由器C配置一条默认路由Router(config)tiproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.l8.1.129步骤6：通过ShoWiproute给出3个路由器的路由表内容路由器A：RouterfshowiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-
16、IGRPzR-RIPrH-mobilezB-BGPD-EIGRPzEX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSPFNSSAexternaltype工，N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltype工，EZ-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-ISzLl-IS-ISlevel-1,LZ-IS-ISIevel-Zzia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userStatiUroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedStatiUro
17、uteGatewayoIaSCresortis0.0.0.0tonetwork0.0.0.0192.168.1.0/26isSiabnetted,ZsubnetsC192.168.1.0isdirectlyconnec&edFastEthernetOyrOC192.168.1.64isdirectlyconnected.FastEthemet1/0SRouerfshow ip routeCodes: C - connected S - scacic, I - IGRPz R - RIPz H - mobileB - BGP D - EIGRPz BX - EIGRP external, 0 -
18、 OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area Nl - OSPF NSSA external type 1, NZ - OSPF NSSA external type 2 El - OSPF external type lz EZ - OSPF external type Z, E- EGP i - IS-ISz Ll - IS-IS level-1L2 - IS-IS Ievel-Zz ia - IS-IS inter area - candidate defaulcz U - per-user Statiu route, o - ODR P - periodic download
19、ed StatiU routeGateway o IaSt resort, is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0192.168.1.0/26 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC192.168.1.128 is directly connected, FastEtchernet.0/0C192.168.1.192 is directly connected, FastEthemet1/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly ConneUted, FastEtherne0/0Rout.er#v0.0.0.0/0isdirectlyUonneUted,
20、FaSCRCherneCI/0Route”vRouterfshowiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-工GRP,R-RlP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRPzEX-EIGRPexternal,0-OSPFrIA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSPFNSSAexternaltypelzNZ-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-HGPi-IS-IS,Ll-IS-ISIevel-IzLZ-IS-ISIevel-N,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-can
21、didatedefaultzU-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstat:LUrouteGatewayofIaStresortisnotset192.168.1.0Z6isStibnettedz4subnetsS192.168.1.01/0via192.168.1.65C192.168.1.64isdirectlyconnected,FastEthemet.1/0C192.168.1.128isdirectlyconnectedFaStEthernetO/0S192.168.1.1921/0via192.168.1.130ROUterg
22、lv步骤7：在PCO通过PingPC测试连通性，并给出结果。CommandPromptPacket-TracerPCCommandLine1.0POping192.168.1.194Pinging192.168.1.194with32bytesodata:Replyfrom192.168.1.194:bytes=32ime=12SmsTTL三125Replyfrom192.168.1.194:bytes=32time=125msTTL=12SReplyfrom192.168.1.194:byte三=32time=1251asTTL=125Replyfrom192.168.1.194:bytes=3Ztime=12SmsTTL=IZSPingstatisticsfor192.168.1.194:Packers:Sent=4,Received=4，LoSt=O(0loss),Approximateroundtriptisesinmilli-seconds:Hinimu=125ms,Maximum=lZ5mszAverage=12SmSPC*六、拓展练习1、能否在路由器A、C上面也采取静态路由的配置呢？八、学习总结
