《专题02动词&情态动词（讲练）（原卷版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题02动词&情态动词（讲练）（原卷版）.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在课桌文档上搜索。
1、专题02动词，情态动词动词是表示人或事物动作和状态的词。按照其语法功能，动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词及情态动词四类。行为动词又叫实义动词，分为及物动词（后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词）,不及物动词（本身意义不完整，其后不能接宾语的动词）；系动词（不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语）；助动词（本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语的词，这类词表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问等）；情态动词（本身有一定意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气）一、动词的种类定义：表示动作或状态的动词实义动词H分类
2、：及物动词和不及物动词定义：般不能单独作谓语.后接表语构成系表结构系动词H分类：状态/感官/表象/持续/变化系动词动词定义：本身没有词意，必须和实义动词连用，构成疑问句、否定句以及各种时态、语态助动词一分类：be.do.lave.will/ShalI等定义：本身具有一定的词意，但不能单独作谓语，后面必须接动词原形一起构成谓语情态动词一分类：can.could,may.might,must.need,shouldd真题研析规律探寻1. （2023广州）Shewasingreatfearandcouldn,tthink.Thisonlycausedhertofartherintothepool.A
3、.dropB.swimC.jumpD.search【透析】考查动词辨异。篇章大语境：SUSan参加水族馆鲸鱼训练员比赛时在水卜遇到意外，幸运的是她被一头鲸鱼救了。小语境：她在水下，腿没有知觉，大脑不能思考，故会.drop丢掉；SWim游泳；jump跳跃；SearCh搜找。根据这个A符合语境。答案选A.2. （2023江苏扬州）Wedontmuchfromthekidsbecausetheycan,tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.A.expressB.excuseC.expectD.explain【答案】C【解析】句意：我们对孩子们期望不高，因为他们无法理解这项工作的
4、价值。考查动词辨析。express表达；excuse原谅；expect要求,指望；explain解释。根据“becausetheycantunderstandthevalueofthisWOrk.”可知，不能对孩子有太高的期望，故选Co3. （2023江苏无锡）一Let,sgoandgetsomethingtoeat.Whatdoyou?一Howaboutfishandchips?A.suggestB.imagineC.supposeD.insist【答案】A【解析】句意：一我们去吃点东西吧。你有什么建议？一鱼和薯条怎么样？考查动词辨析。SUggeSt建议；imagine想象；SUPPoSe设
5、想；insist坚持。根据“Howaboutfishandchips”可知，询问对方的建议，故选A。4. （2023广州语法选择）Heeatbigmealsanddidnotgohungryanymore.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must【答案】A【解析】句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。could能够；might可能;should应该；must必须。根据”.eatbigmealsanddidnotgohungryanymore.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。5. （2023武汉）Excuseme,butwewaitinlinetogetonthesubway.一ms
6、orry.A.mightB.wouldC.couldD.should【答案】D【解析】句意：对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。我很抱歉。考查情态动词辨析。might可以；WOUkl将；CoUkJ可以；ShOUld应该根据butweWaitinlinetOgetontheSUbWay”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。核心提炼考向探究一、实义动词实义动词按其后是否需要接宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词用法示例及物动词（1）带一个宾语Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanraiseyourhands.你们如果有问题，可以举手。(2)带双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)间接宾语常指人，直接宾语常指
7、物MyparentsgavemeaIliCegiftonmybirthday.我的父母在我生日那天给了我一份精美的礼物。(=Myparentsgaveanicegifttomeonmybirthday.)Iwillbuyyouanewdictionary.我会给你买一本新词典。(=Iwillbuyanewdictionaryforyou.)(3)带复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)PleasekeepIhedoorOPen.请开着门。OurteacherstellustoStUdyhard.老师告诉我们要努力学习。不及物动词(1)不带宾语Theyarerunningontheplayground.他
8、们正在运动场上跑步。(2)后加介词+宾语Pleaselkattheblackboardandlistentome.请看黑板，听我说。动词辨异！在实义动词中，中考考题主要考查动词用法的辨异，经常出现在单项选择和完形填空中，是中考一大重要考点。二、连系动词常用连系动词词义例句be是magirlwithshorthair.become成为，变得IVHkebecomesinterestedinChinese.turn变得Mr.Whitesfaceturnedred.get变得Theweatherisgettingbad.smell闻起来Theflowerssmellnice.sound听起来Thepl
9、ansoundsgood.taste尝起来Thesouptastesdelicious.stay保持Theshopstaysopentill8pm.grow成长，变得Herhairisgrowingwhite.keep保持Thegirlkeepssilentallthetime.feel感到，摸起来Thecoatfeelsverysoftlook看起来Mymotherlooksveryyoung.注意1 .连系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语2 .含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do,does,did等三、助动词助动词用法例句bebe(am,is
10、,are;was,Were)+动词的现在分词，用于现在进行时和过去进行时Iamwashingmyclothes.我在洗衣服。WhatisTomdoing?汤姆在做什么?WewerewatchingTVwhenthealarmwentoff.我们正在看电视，突然警报响了。be(am,is,are;was,were;willbe;have/hasbeen)+动词的过去分词，用于被动语态IsJapanesetaughtinyourschool?你们学校教日语吗？Thebuildingwasdestroyedintheearthquake.大楼在地震中被毁。Wherewillanewlibrarybe
11、builtinourcitynextyear?明年我们城市将在哪里建一座新图书馆？Thetaskhasn,tbeenfinishedyet.任务还没有完成。dodo(does,did)用于一般现在时和一般过去时Wedontgotoschoolonweekends.我们周末不上学。WhattimedoesJackgetup?杰克什么时候起床？DidMarycallyouthismorning?玛丽早上给你打电话了吗？havehave(has,had)+动词的过去分词，用于现在完成时和过去完成时Ihaven,tbeentherebefore.我以前没去过那儿。1.ucyhaspassedherdr
12、ivingtest.露西已通过了驾驶执照考试。will/shallwillshall(wouldshould)动词原形，用于一般将来时和过去将来时IwillvisittheUKnextweek.下周我要去英国。Whenshallwemeetagain?我们什么时候再见面？Hesaidhewouldcometoseemeifhewasfree.他说如果他有空就来看我。四、情态动词情态动词用法例句can和could(1)表示能力，意为“能；会”,could用作Can的过去式Shecandrive,butshecan,trideabike.她会开车，但不会骑自行车。ShecouldntspeakCh
13、inesewhenshecametoourschoollastyear.去年她刚来我们学校时还不会说中文。(2)表示请求、许可，意为“可以“，两者皆可用，此时的CoUkl并不表示过去，只是语气比Can更委婉Youcangotherenow.你可以现在去那儿。一Can/CouldIuseyourbicycle?我可以用你的自行车吗？一Yes,ofcourseyoucan.当然可以。(允许对方时，不可用could应答)(3)表示客观可能性或推测，意为可能，can常用于否定句和疑问句中；CoUld并不表示过去，只是表示可能性小，多用于肯定句和否定句中Thegirlintheclassroomcant
14、beMary.Shehasgonetothelibrary.教室里的女孩不可能是玛丽，她去图书馆了。HeCOUIdbeinLOndon.他可能在伦敦。must和haveto(1)must表示“必须”，否定式mustnt表示“禁止；不准；不允许“Imustfinishtheworktoday.我必须今天完成工作。Carsmustn,tbeparkedhere.此处禁止停车。(2)must表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定；准是”，只用于肯定句。在否定句和疑问句中用can,t,表示“不可能”Hemustbeathome.Thelightison.他一定在家，灯亮着呢。Hecan,tbeathome.H
15、eisonbusiness.他不可能在家，他出差了。(3)haveto意为“必须;不得不“，表示客观实际的需要，有人称和时态的变化；must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要，无人称和时态的变化Ifhemissesthelastbus,hewillhavetowalkhome.如果他错过末班车，他将不得不走回家。(表示客观实际)Youmuststopsmoking.你必须戒烟。(表示主观意愿)(4)否定式donthaveto表示“不必”，must11表示“禁止；不准”一MustIfinishalltheworktoday?我必须今天完成全部工作吗？一Yes,youmust./No,youd
16、on,thaveto./No,youneedn,t.是的，必须。/不，不必。Youmustntstopyourcarhere.止匕处禁止停车。need(1)need作情态动词，意为“需要”，后接动词原形，没有人称、数和时态的变化，常用于疑问句和否定句中。否定式neednt,意为不必”It,sSundaytoday.Youneedn,tgetupsoearly.今天星期天，你不必起得这么早。NeedIpostyourbookstoyou?需要我把书寄给你吗？(2)need作实义动词，意为“需要;有必要”，有人称、数和时态的变化，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词等Doyouneedanyhelp
17、?你需要帮助吗？Shedidn,tneedtogotoschoolyesterday.她昨天不需要去上学。should和oughtto(1)表示义务、责任、建议、劝告，意为“应该；应当”Youngpeopleshouldrespectoldpeople.晚辈应该尊重长辈。Yououghttotalkwithyourfatheraboutit.你应该和你的父亲谈谈这件事。(2)表示推测，意为“应该；估计”Theyshouldbehomebynow,Ithink.我想他们现在总该到家了吧。ItoughttobeTom.应该是汤姆。hadbetter意为“最好”“应该”，后接动词原形，had通常缩略
18、为d否定式为hadbetternotYou,dbettergetsomesleep.你最好去睡一会儿。You,dbetternotgotherebyyourself.你最好不要一个人去那里。usedto意为“过去经常”，后接动词原形HeusedtoliveinParis.他过去一直住在巴黎。Didyouusetobeateacher?你过去是当老师的吗？Theydidn,tusetolivehere.他们过去没住在这儿。题型特训命题预测动词辨异1. （2023武汉）一Thehairproductisbeingatpresent.Youmeanifitsuptothestandard,itwil
19、lbeputonthemarketsoon.A.usedB.testedC.shownD.sold2. （2023湖北荆州）一Hangzhouwillholdthe19thAsianGamesfromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.Right.Playerswillinfortysports,suchasswimming,tabletennisandvolleyball.A.competeB.believeC.imagineD.advise3. （2023湖北黄石）InApril,theweatherinsomeplacesinHubeiisreallychangeabl
20、e.Peoplemayfourseasonsinoneweek.A.organizeB.describeC.checkD.experience4. （2023江苏扬州）Wedon,tmuchfromthekidsbecausetheycan,tunderstandthevalueofthiswork.A.expressB.excuseC.expectD.explain5. （2023江苏无锡）一Lefsgoandgetsomethingtoeat.Whatdoyou?Howaboutfishandchips?A.suggestB.imagineC.supposeD.insist6. （2023
21、山东1宾州）一OurparentsoftenusnottotalkwithstrangersontheInternet.That,strue.Asteenagers,weshouldIeamtoprotectourselves.A.warnB.inviteC.controlD.promise7. IsTaylorSwiftthemostpopularcountrymusicsinger?Iso.Shehaswonsomanyawardsandherconcertsarethemostpopular.A.hopeB.doubtC.supposeD.imagine8. Nobodybelieves
22、Jackbecausehealwaysothers.A.cheatB.considerC.helpD.dislike9. -Theyouwroteaboutthefilmiswonderful.Thanks.A.renewB.reviewC.recycleD.reuse10. Noway,Iwon,tsleepinthissleepingbag.-Sowhatdoyou,Mark?It,sacamp,notahotel.A.expectB.wishC.suggestD.imagine11. 一Dinnerisready.Helpyourself,please!Wow!Itdelicious.A
23、.tastesB.soundsC.turnsD.gets12. Howmuchisthecomputer?Isitexpensive?-No,it,snottooexpensive.Itonlyme300dollars.A.costB.lostC.spentD.took13. TheBBCdocumentaryDuFit:ChinasGreatestPoetDutoWilliamShakespeare,oneofthegreatestwritersoftheWest.A.considersB.connectsC.comparesD.complains14. Ihearyou,reorganiz
24、ingatriptothegamenextweek.mein!一Noproblem.JustkeepintouchonWeChat.A.MatterB.LeaveC.CountD.Mind15. HowlongdoesittaketogettoTaizhoufromNanjingbytrain?一Maybeonehour.ButwhynotitonBaidu?A.fixB.designC.lookD.check16. Noway,Iwon,tsleepinthissleepingbag.一Sowhatdoyou,Mark?It,sacamp,notahotel.A.expectB.wishC.
25、suggestD.imagine17. Youdon,tneedtoyourselfwithothers.BelieveinyourselfA.correctB.connectC.compareD.communicate18. SchoolsshouldstudentstoformgoodworkinghabitsthroughIabor（劳动）education.A.forceB.encourageC.warnD.promise19. Thehugefirethewholefactoryandkilled121workers.A.keptB.protectedC.destroyedD.dam
26、aged20. Whydoyoulikethishotel?一Becauseitcancustomerswithbestservice.A. providesB. serveC. state D. offer21. WhenSimonthattherewasanewstudentintheclassroom,hesaidhellotoher.A.noticedB.promisedC.plannedD.decided22. Hehasfromapooryoungmantoasuccessfulbusinessman.A.raisedB.spreadC.tradedD.risen28.Thenew
27、sofvictoryquicklyandeveryoneinthetownwasveryexcited.A.recordedB.discussedC.spreadD.polluted23. Ifyoualwaysyourselfwithothers,youmayhavetonsofpressure.Iagree.Weshouldbelieveinourselves.A.compareB.complainC.connectD.consider24. TheyallwhythelittlegirlcouldsingsodifficultanEnglishsong.A.wonderedB.belie
28、vedC.wantedD.expected25. ThefemalescientistYanNingtoleavetheUSandreturntoChinainNovember2022.Thenewscaughtmanypeoplesattention.A.preferredB.warnedC.provedD.announced26. Thereportsaysoneoftheorganizersisstillbythepolice.-IfIfindtheorganizer,Iwillreportittothepoliceatonce.A.caughtB.wantedC.missedD.que
29、stioned27. DoyouthinkKarenwillbeagreatdoctor?Infact,beingadoctorcarefulness,butsheiscarelesssometimes.A.repeatsB.receivesC.reducesD.requires28. WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieAvatar:TheWayOfWaters-Great.Itabout3hours,butnooneleftearly.A.coveredB.remainedC.lastedD.showed29. 一Youmayborrowsomemoneyfromyourfri
30、endTom.-Forgetit.TomandIjustmetacoupleoftimes,butwedon,treally.A.careB.spareC.coverD.connect30. 一DoyouthinkJohncanwinaprizeintheWuhanMarathon?Impossiblenow.Hewastodoso,buthehasjusthurthisleg.A.advisedB.requiredC.supposedD.requested情态动词练习题型特训命题预测1. （2023 湖北鄂州）I take photos here?一Sorry, you can,t. It,
31、s not allowed in the museum.A. MustB. NeedC. CanD. Will2. （2023 湖北黄石）Young Chinese peoplekeep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feetfirmly on the ground.A. shouldB. canC. mayD. need3. （2023 湖北荆州）Youtake the subway to the airport, for I can drive you there directly.一That,s very kind o
32、f you.A. can,tB. needn,tC. mustn,tD. shouldnt4. （2023 襄类）.Does the sports watch belong to Mary?Itbe hers. She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class.A. can,tB. mustC. mightD. could5. （2023 江苏连云港）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. WeIeam to protect ourselves.A. mightB. shouldC. could
33、D. would6. （2023 江苏无锡）Oh, come on!you doubt everything I say? m not a three-year-old!A. CantB. CanC. MustntD. Must7.（2023 江苏镇江）5. The new app about fashion is really free and youpay money for it.8.A. mayB. mustC. shouldn,tD. neednt（2023河1匕）Ifwefind a better way, we,ll finish the job faster.A. canB.
34、can,tC. mustD. mustn,t9.（2023 天津）一Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow?一Sorry, m afraid I.ll work as a volunteer in my community.A. canB. can,tC. mustD. mustn,t10. （2023 云南一Excuse me, may I use my phone now?一Sorry, you,.The plane is taking off.A. needB. needntC. canD. can,t11. Excuse
35、me. Can you tell me what time it is now? Sorry, I.My watch doesnt work.A. can,tB. may notC. mustn,tD. needn,tleave the light on.12 .Itsquitebrighthere.Letsjustkeepthewindowopen.Yes.We.A.couldn,tB.shouldntC.willD.wouldnt13 .一WhatdoyouthinkwecommonpeopledoforourmotherlandduringtheCovid-19breakout?Ithi
36、nkwedoanythingexceptstayingathomeanddosomeexercisetokeepourselvesfit.A.must;can,tB.may;mustntC.need;shouldnt.D.can;needn,t14 .wecleantheclassroomatonce?一No,you.Youcleanitafterschool.A.Must;needn,t;mayB.Must;mustnt;canC.Shall;can,t;mustD.Need;mustn,t;may15 .Mike,youplaywithfire.Youbumyourself.A.wont;
37、cantB.havegotto;shouldn,tC.donthaveto;mustD.mustn,t;might16 .Whosebackpackisthis?ItbeJim,s.Look,hisstudent,scardisinit.A.mustB.canC.mustn,tD.can,t17 .Asmiddleschoolstudents,wefollowthepublicruleswhereverwego.A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. could18 .-Mum,mayIgotoseeafilmwithmycousin?-Yougoifyouhavefinish
38、edyourhomework.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can19 .-Somepeopledontshowtheirtalentsattheverybeginning.-I agree. Even Einsteinread until he was seven.A. cantB. mustntC. couldn,tD. neednt20 .Thedesignerhastriedeverypossiblewaytomaketherobotlight,soyouWOITyaboutitsweight.A.mustB.mayC.can,tD.needn,t2!.Accor
39、dingtothenotice,guestsatthishotelusethesportscenteratnoextracost.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.need22 .Wedontallowtakingmagazinesout,butyoucopythearticleyouneedonthemachineoverthere.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would23 .-Itstoohot.Iswiminthelake?-No,you.Thatstoodangerous!A.Should;cantB.Need;mustntC.Must;needntD.Coul
40、d;cant24 .-Canwewalkacrosstheroadnow?-No,we.Wehavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.A.couldntB.needn,tC.shouldntD.mustnt25 .-Mom,Iplaycomputergamesthisevening?-Sure,butyoufinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.can；mustB.can；mustntC.may；couldD.may；cant26 .Mathsisn,tverydifficult.Youbeafraidofit.Youcancomeandaskforhel
41、p.A.mustn,tB.can,tC.wouldntD.needn,t27 .YougoandseeadoctorifyouarenotwellbeforeMonday.A.couldn,tB.hadbetterC.shouldn,tD.needto28 .一DoIhavetohandinmyreportnow?一Ofcourse,you.We,regoingtodiscussit.A.canB.can,tC.mustD.mustn,t29 .Youworkonyourowninthelab.Itisagainsttherules!A.mustn,tB.needn,tC.won,tD.couldn,t30 .Daniehyouspreadthebooksalloverthefloor.Itisarule.Sorry,1wont.A.couldn,tB.needn,tC.mustn,tD.wouldn,t
