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1、美国名人演员马龙白兰度MarlonBrando,1924-2004:OneoftheGreatestActorsofAllTimeplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:37repeatByCatyWeaver2008-11-15VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:And,mSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellaboutactorMarlonBrando.Manycriticssayhewasthegreatestactorofalltime.Andmanyac
2、torssayheinfluencedthemmorethananyotherpersoninthefilmindustry.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarlonBrandoTherewasnopublicservicetohonorMarlonBrandowhenhediedintwothousandfourattheageofeighty.Theactorssister,JocelynBrando,saidhewouldhavehatedsuchanevent.Thefamilyheldasmallprivateceremonyinstead.Brandodidnotseekpub
3、licattentionwhenhewasalive.Heprotectedhisprivatelife.Buthewasahugestar.This,combinedwithhispersonaltragediesandhispolitics,madehimaspecialtargetofthepress.VOICETWO:MarlonBrandowasborninOmaha,Nebraskainnineteentwenty-four.Hewasnamedafterhisfather;asalesman,buthisfamilycalledhimBud.Hismother,Dorothy,w
4、asanactressinthelocaltheater.Hehadtwooldersisters.MarlonBrandoschildhoodwasnothappy.Hisparentsdranktoomuchalcoholandarguedoften.DorothyBrandoblamedherhusbandforthefailureofheractingcareer.TheolderMarlonBrandodidnothaveagoodrelationshipwithhisson.Inabookabouthislife,theactorwrotethathisfatherneverhad
5、anythinggoodtosayabouthisson.TheBrandosmovedmanytimeswhenMarlonwasyoung.Hisparentsseparatedwhenhewaseleven,buttheyre-unitedaftertwoyears.YoungMarlonwasalwaysgettingintotroubleatschool.HisfatherdecidedtosendhimtoamilitaryschoolinMinnesota.Marlondidnotdowellinclassesthere.Buthedidfindsupportforhisinte
6、restintheater.Adramateacherurgedhimtobeginactinginplaysthereandhedid.Buthewasexpelledfromtheschoolforgettingintotrouble.VOICETWO:MarlonBrandomovedtoNewYorkCitywhenhewasnineteenyearsoldinnineteenforty-three.HetookactingclassesattheNewSchoolforSocialResearch.OneofhisteacherswasStellaAdler;whotaughtthe
7、Methodstyleofrealisticacting.TheMethodteachesactorshowtousetheirownmemoriesandemotionstoidentifywiththecharacterstheyareplaying.MarlonBrandolearnedtheMethodstylequicklyandeasily.CriticssayhewasprobablythegreatestMethodactorever.Onefamousactresscommentedonhisnaturalabilityforit.ShesaidteachingMarlonB
8、randotheMethodwaslikesendingatigertojungleschool.MarlonBrandoinAStreetcarNamedDesireMarlonBrandoappearedinseveralplays.HegothisfirstmajorpartinaBroadwayplayinnineteenforty-seven,attheageoftwenty-three.HereceivedgreatpraiseforhispowerfulperformanceasStanleyKowalskiintheTennesseeWilliamsplay,AStreetca
9、rNamedDesire.Hisfamegrewwhenheactedthesamepartinthemovieversion,releasedinnineteenfifty-one.Brandoplaysanangryworking-classman.Hiswifessister,Blanche,comestovisittheminNewOrleans,Louisiana.Blanchesfamilyusedtoberichlandownersbuttheylostalltheirproperty.Nowsheismentallyunstable.StanleytreatsBlancheun
10、kindlyandinsultsher.Here,hetellsBlanchewhathethinksaboutwomen.STANLEY:Idontgoinforthatstuff.BLANCHE:Whatstuff?STANLEY:Complimentstowomenabouttheirlooks.Inevermetadameyetdidntknowifshewasgood-lookinornotwithoutbeintold.Andtheressomeofthemthatgivethemselvescreditformorethantheyvegot.Ioncewentoutwithad
11、amewhotoldme,Tmtheglamoroustype.shesaysIamtheglamoroustype.Isays,sowhat?BLANCHE:Andwhatdidshesaythen?STANLEY:Shedidntsaynothin.Ishutheruplikeaclam.StreetcarwasBrandossecondfilm.HewasnominatedforanAcademyAwardfortheperformance.HewasnominatedforOscarsforhisnexttwofilmsaswell.Innineteenfifty-twoheplaye
12、dMexicanrevolutionaryleaderEmilianoZapatainthemovieVivaZapata.ThefollowingyearheplayedMarcAntonyinJuliusCaesar.InOntheWaterfrontMarlonBrandodidnotwinanOscarforBestActoruntilnineteenfifty-fourforthemovieOntheWaterfront.Manycriticsconsiderithisfinestperformance.Thefilmsdirector;EliaKazan,saiditwastheb
13、estperformancebyamaleactorinthehistoryoffilm.BrandoplaysTerryMalloy,afailedboxer.Heinformsonorganizedcrimeleaders,includinghisbrother;Charlie.HisbrotherhadmadehimlosefightsonpurposesoCharliecouldmakemoneygamblingonthefights.Butnow,Terryexpresseshisregretsaboutlosingthefights.TERRYMALLOY:Youdontunder
14、stand.Icouldahadclass.Icouldabeenacontender.IcouldabeensomebodyinsteadofabumwhichiswhatIam.Letsfaceit.VOICETWO:MarlonBrandoactedinaboutfortymovies.HewasnominatedforatotalofeightAcademyAwards.Inhismovies,heplayedaJapanesetranslator,aGermanNazimilitaryofficerandthefatherofSuperman.Heevensanginamoviemu
15、sicalcalledGuysandDolls.Hisreallifewasascolorfulashismanymoviecharacters.Hislovelifewasespeciallyactive.HemarriedactressAnnaKashfiinnineteenfifty-seven.Themarriagehadproblemsfromthestart.Theirchild,asonnamedChristian,wasbornafewmonthsaftertheymarried.Theyseparatedthenextyear.InnineteensixtBrandomarr
16、iedMovitaCastenada,aMexican-Americanactress.Theyhadtwochildrenbeforetheyseparatedinnineteensixty-two.Thesameyear,hemarriedaTahitianactress,Tarita.ThetwohadmetwhilefilmingthemovieMutinyOntheBounty.BrandosmarriagetoTaritalastedtenyears.ButhisloveofTahitineverended.Innineteensixty-six,heboughtasmallisl
17、andnearTahiti.BrandodividedhistimebetweenhisislandandhishomeinCaliforniafortherestofhislife.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:CriticssayMarlonBrandobegantosufferprofessionallyduringandafterhisworkonMutinyontheBounty.Hollywooddirectorsandproducersconsideredhimdifficulttoworkwith.Somecriticssaidtheactorappearedtobetire
18、dofacting.Butthatchangedinnineteenseventy-twowhenBrandoappearedinTheGodfather.Atfirst,thefilmstudioofficialsdidnotwantBrandointhemovie.Butthedirector,FrancisFordCoppola,chosehimforthepart.Thefilmwasamajorcriticalandfinancialsuccess.BrandowaspraisedforhisperformanceastheGodfather,VitoCorleone,thepowe
19、rfulheadofacriminalorganizationinNewYorkCity.HespeakstoamanwhowantstheGodfathertohavesomeonekilled.VITOCORLEONE:Ifyoudcometomeinfriendshipthenthisscumthatruinedyourdaughterwouldbesufferingthisveryday.Andifbychanceanhonestmanlikeyourselfshouldmakeenemies,thentheywouldbecomemyenemies.Andthentheywouldf
20、earyou.VOICETWO:MarlonBrandowontheBestActorOscarforTheGodfather.Butherejectedit.HesentawomannamedSasheenLittlefeathertospeakforhimattheAcademyAwardsceremony.ShesaidthatBrandocouldnotaccepttheawardbecauseofthewaytheAmericanfilmindustrytreatedNativeAmericans.ThepeopleattheAcademyAwardsceremonydidnotli
21、kethespeech.ButsomeexpertsthinktheactionhelpedchangethewayAmericanIndianswereshowninmovies.MarlonBrandowasalsoactiveinthecivilrightsmovement.Hespokeoutagainstracismoftenandforcefully.Hemarchedindemonstrations.Andhegavemoneytocivilrightsgroups.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarlonBrandohadtwofamilytragedies.Inninet
22、eenninety,hisson,Christian,shotandkilledaTahitianmanatthefamilyshomeinCalifornia.Thevictim,DagDrolletzwastheboyfriendofBrandosdaughter,Cheyenne.ChristianBrandosaidthekillingwasaccidental.Hewasfoundguiltyofresponsibilityinthedeathandservedalmostfiveyearsinprison.Duringthetrial,MarlonBrandotoldthecour
23、tthatheandAnnaKashfihadfailedChristianasparents.HealsoapologizedtotheDrolletfamilyandsaidhewishedhecouldtradeplaceswiththeirson.VOICETWO:Innineteenninety-five,MarlonBrandosdaughterCheyennekilledherself.Shehadstruggledwithmentalproblemsandwasstilldepressedaboutthekillingofherboyfriend.MarlonBrandonev
24、ermadepublicstatementsaboutthedeathofhisdaughter.Butreportssaidheblamedhimself.HedidnotattendhisdaughtersfuneralinTahiti.Inthefollowingnineyears,hemadejustfourmoremovies.Andthepartsheplayedweresmall.ButhisinfluenceontheAmericanfilmindustrywashuge.WhenMarlonBrandodied,manyfamousactorsexpressedregret.Oneofthemsaidsimply:,Hewasthebest.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyCatyWeaver.mSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndmFaithLapidus.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
