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1、最舌尖上的安全防线TheSafetyDefenseofDining2024食品卫生安全人才发展专题研究报告ASpecialResearchReportforFoodHygieneandSafetyTalents在刚刚结束的2024龙年春节，中国居民的节日消费热潮为龙年消费经济点亮“开门红”，多项消费指标大幅超过2019年同期水平。而这其中，对于民以食为天的中国人来说，选择在酒店或高档餐厅与亲朋好友们共享年夜饭、团圆饭，已成为主流消费活动。年味十足的装饰、盘中的佳肴、杯中的美酒，伴随着欢声笑语与周到服务，为每一位宾客打造完美的就餐体验。Duringthejust-concluded2024Chi
2、neseNewYear,thefestiveconsumptionenthusiasmamongChineseresidentshascreatedarosystartfortheconsumereconomyintheyearofthe1.oong.Severalconsumptionindicatorssignificantlyexceededthelevelsofthesameperiodin2019.Amongthem,fortheChinese5Whoregardfoodasessential,choosingtosharetheChineseNewYearsEvedinnerand
3、reuniondinnerwithfamilyandfriendsinhotelsorupscalerestaurantshasbecomemainstreamconsumeractivity.Withfestivedecorations,deliciousdishes,andfinewinesonthetable,accompaniedbylaughterandthoughtfulservice,hotelsandrestaurantswereaimingtocreateaperfectdiningexperienceforeveryguest.人们常常会想到厨师和餐饮服务这两个团体对出品质
4、量和就餐体睑的贡献和重要性。但除了这二者之外，还有一群幕后英雄，以过硬的专业技能和职业素养，为每一位就餐宾客构筑舌尖上的安全防线，他们就是食品卫生安全人才。PeopleoftenthinkofthecontributionsandimportancewhichmadeandbroughtbychefsandF&Bserverstofoodqualityanddiningexperience.However,besidesthem,thereisanothergroupofunsungheroes,who,withexcellentprofessionalskillsandethics,buil
5、dingasafetydefenseofdiningforeverysingleguest-theyarethetalentsinfoodhygieneandsafety.一片不新鲜的蔬菜，一块未烹熟的肉，甚至是一滴不洁跳的用冰?阊河土能让宾客的健康遭受威.，T胁”让旗/利濯厅的声誉遭受损失。因此，对于食品卫生安全人才的关注，是餐饮管理中必不可少的议题。本期，最佳东方将带来食品卫生安全人才画像。从行业人才发展研究视角，阐明食品卫生安全人才的重要性、职业发展现状和未来趋势，以期为相关行业和教育机构在人才培养方面提供有益的参考和借鉴。Apieceofstalevegetablespieceofun
6、cookedmeat,orevenadropofimpuredrinkingwater,theyallhavethepotentialtothreatenthehealthofguestsanddamagethereputationofhotelsandrestaurants.Therefore,attentiontotalentsinfoodhygieneandsafetyisanindispensabletopicinF&Bmanagement.lnthisarticle,VeryEastwillpresentyouaprofileofhygieneandsafetytalents.Fro
7、mtheperspectiveofindustrytalentdevelopmentresearching,weelucidatetheimportance,careerdevelopment,andfuturetrendsofhygieneandsafetytalents,aimingtooffervaluablereferencesandinsightsfortherelatedindustriesandeducationalinstitutionsintalentdevelopment.第一章食品卫生安全管理概述Chapter 1TheOverviewofFoodHygieneandSa
8、fetyManagement谈及食品卫生安全管理，最核心的几项通常被归纳为“四大c”：即清洁、烹饪、冷却(包括冷冻和解冻)和交叉污染。大多数食品卫生安全问题都属于这些类别，食品卫生安全管理计划应围绕这些原则构建。一套有效的食品卫生安全管理体系包含以下要素：Regardingthefoodhygieneandsafetymanagement,themostimportantissuestoaddressareoftenreferredtoasTheFourCs:Cleaning,Cooking,Chilling(includingfreezingandthawing)adCross-contam
9、ination.Mostaspectsoffoodsafetymanagementfallintothesecategories,andthefoodsafetymanagementprogrammeshouldbebuiltaroundtheseprinciples.Aneffectivefoodsafetymanagementsystemincludesthefollowingelements:0知悉并遵守所有相关的国家和地区食品卫生和安全规定。Understandandcomplywithallrelevantnationalandregionalfoodhygieneandsafety
10、regulations.确保所有厨房和餐厅员工以及任何与食品接触的人(如负责收货或处理食废弃物的员工)都了解食品安全问题。食品安全意识应列入入职培训和定期培训的内容中。Ensureallkitchenandrestaurantstaffandanyonecomingintocontactwithfood(e.g.staffwhooverseereceiptofgoodsorhandlefoodwaste)areawareoffoodsafetyissues.Foodsafetyawarenessshouldbepartofinductionandregulartraining.鉴别食品安全危害
11、，并记录和监控制冷和烹饪设备的温度，并按需定期维护或更换相关设备。Identifyfoodsafetyhazardsandrecordandmonitorthetemperaturesofrefrigerationandcookingequipment,witharegularmaintenanceandreplacementofequipmentbasedontheneeds.定制食品准备流程图，识别可能发生食品安全和环境卫生危害的节点并制定防控措施。DrawupaflowchartoffoodpreparationProcessesJdentifywherefoodsafetyandenv
12、ironmentalhealthhazardscouldoccurandwhatcanbedonetocontrolthem.进行定期监控和测试(采样及化验分析)，保留相关文件和记录，并根据需要采取改进措施。Conductregularmonitoringandtesting(samplingandlaboratoryanalysis),retainallrelevantdocumentsandrecords,andfollowuptheresultswithcorrectiveactionasnecessary.实施国际标准如ISO22000,将相关要求告知与食品产生接触的工作人员，并定期与
13、外部专家对食品相关场所进行审计。ImplementinternationalstandardssuchasISO22000,informingemployeescomingintocontactwithfoodaboutrelevantrequirement,aswellasundertakingregularauditswithexternalspecialistsforfood-relatedplaces.设立和改进食品安全投诉相关处理程序，保障餐饮出品质量并维护公司声誉。Establishandimproveproceduresforhandlingfoodsafetycomplaint
14、s,ensuringthequalityofF&Bproductsandmaintainingthereputationofthecompany.第二章食品卫生安全岗位胜任要素Chapter 2EssentialsfortheJobCompetencyofFoodHygieneandSafetyPositions食品安全知识与法规：深入理解食品安全法规、标准和要求，并严格遵守，确保公司食品安全合规。FoodSafetyKnowledgeandRegulations:In-depthunderstandingoffoodsafetylaws,standards,andrequirements.S
15、trictadherencetotheseregulationstoensurethecompanysfoodsafetyandthecompliance.卫生管理与风险识别：熟悉食品卫生管理流程，有管理清洁和消毒程序，并能够通过化验测试来识别潜在的食品安全风险。HygieneManagementandRiskIdentification:FamiliaritywithfoodhygienemanagementProcessesJncIudingmanagingcleanlinessanddisinfectionprocedures.Proficientinidentifyingpotenti
16、alfoodsafetyrisksthroughlaboratorytesting.设备操作与维护：能够熟练操作和维护食品卫生相关设备，确保设备正常运行，保障食品卫生质量。EquipmentOperationandMaintenance:Proficientinoperatingandmaintainingfoodsafety-relatedequipments.Ensuringtheproperfunctioningofequipmentsandguaranteeingthequalityoffoodhygiene.记录管理与报告编制：能够准确记录食品卫生管理情况，并编制相关报告，为食品安全
17、管理提供有力支持。RecordManagementandReportCompiling:Accuraterecord-keepingoffoodhygienemanagementsituationsandcompilingrelevantreports.Providingrobustsupportforfoodsafetymanagementthrougheffectivedocumentation.抗压能力与应急处理：在面对工作压力和突发事件时，能够保持冷静，有效应对，确保食品安全管理工作的顺利进行。StressandEmergencyHandling:Maintainingcomposur
18、ewhenfacingworkpressureandunforeseenevents.Effectivelyhandlingemergenciestoensurethesmoothprogressoffoodsafetymanagement.,沟通协调与团队合作：与公司内部各部门及外部监管机构保持良好的沟通与合作，确保信息畅通，协同应对食品安全问题。CommunicationandCollaboration:Maintaininggoodcommunicationandcollaborationwithinternaldepartmentsandexternalregulators.Ensur
19、ingasmoothinformationflowandcoordinatedresponsestofoodsafetyissues.学习与培训能力：关注食品安全领域的最新动态，不断提升专业知识和技能，积极推广食品安全文化，提高员工和宾客的食品安全意识。1.earningandTrainingAbilities:Stayingupdatedonthelatestdevelopmentinfoodsafety.Continuouslyimprovingprofessionalknowledgeandskills,activelypromotingfoodsafetyculture,andenha
20、ncingfoodsafetyawarenessamongstaffandguests.g坚守职业道德和操守，维护公司和宾客的利益，以诚信为基础，为公司的食品卫生安全树立良好声誉。ProfessionalEthicsandlntegrity:Adherencetoprofessionalethicsandconducts.Safeguardingtheinterestsofthecompanyandguests,basingactionsonintegritytoestablishastrongreputationforthecompany,sfoodsafety.TalentProfiles
21、ofFoodHygiene&Safety 年龄结构AgeDistribution 教育背景EducationBackground 薪酬剖析SalaryAnalysisMNE陈年佳酿，越陈越香1.ikeVintages1EIderthenBetter食品卫生安全人才年龄分布概览TheOverviewforAgeDistributionofFoodHygieneandSafetyTalents根据食品卫生安全人才年龄段分布统计数据，成熟人才(31岁及以上)占据了食品卫生安全人才半数以上比例。根据不同年龄段细分：年龄在18-24岁占比12%,年龄在25-30岁占比35$,年龄在31-40岁占比36%
22、,年龄在40岁以上占比17%。由于食品卫生安全岗位具有相当强的专家属性，其综合能力往往与从业时间长短成正相关，因而该领域岗位人才会呈现出“陈年佳酿，越陈越香”的特点。Accordingtostatisticaldataontheagegroupsoffoodhygieneandsafetytalents,matureprofessionals(31yearsoldandabove)accountforover50%.Breakingdownintodifferentagegroups:thoseaged18-24makeup12%,thoseaged25-30constitute35%,tho
23、seaged31-40constitute36%,andthoseover40yearsoldaccountfor17%.Duetothestrongexpertiserequiredforfoodhygieneandsafetypositions,thecomprehensivecapabilitiesareoftenpositivelycorrelatedwiththelengthoftimespentinthecareer.ThereforeJaIentsinthisfieldtendtoexhibitthecharacteristicsof1.ikeaVintage1EIderthen
24、Better.食品卫生安全人才年龄段分布FoodHygiene&SafetyTaIents1AgeGroups基底良好，专业对口GoodFoundation,WellMatched食品卫生安全人才教育背景概览TheOverviewofEducationBackgroundofFoodHygiene&SafetyTalents由于食品卫生安全工作具有较高的理论性、研究性和技术性，且其对于人才本身的学习能力和培训能力有着较强的要求，因而相关人才的教育背景对其从业能力和职业发展具有重要影响。Duetothehightheoretical,research,andtechnicalnatureoffo
25、odhygieneandsafetywork,aswellasthestrongdemandfortalentslearningandtrainingabilities,theeducationbackgroundsofrelevanttalentshaveasignificantimpactontheirprofessionalcapabilitiesandcareerdevelopment.根据食品卫生安全人才学历背景统计：本科及以上学历人才占比达44$,学历为大专占比44%,学历为大专以下占比12%。总体来说，食品卫生安全人才的学历背景优秀，本科及以上学历人才占比可观。According
26、tothestatisticaldataontheeducationbackgroundoffoodhygieneandsafetytalents:thosewithabachelordegreeorabovecontribute44%;thosewithanassociatedegreemakeup44%;andthosewithadegreebelowassociateaccountfor12%.lngeneral,theeducationbackgroundsoffoodhygieneandsafetytalentsaregood,andtheproportionoftalentswit
27、habachelordegreeoraboveareconsiderable.食品卫生安全人才学历分布FoodHygiene&SafetyTaIentslEducationBackgroud食品卫生安全人才专业分布FoodHygiene&SafetyTaIentsfMajors18%食品科学/营养科学/生物工程FoodScienceZNutritionaIScience/：Ioenqineerina33%酒店/旅游/款待业管理Hotel/Tourism/HospitalityManagement 6%英语/外语/语言文学EngIishZForeign1.anguage(三)Z1.iteratu
28、re 2%企业/行政/工商/人力资源管理EnterpriseZAdministration/Business/HumanResourcesManagement 2%金融/财务/会计FinanceZAccounting 5%烹饪/厨师/食品加工CuIinaryZCook/FoodProcessing5%医学/药物/护理MedicineZPharmacoIogy/Nursing-1%经济与贸易EconomicsZTrade1%市场营销/电子商务Marketing/E-commerce17%其他Others最佳东方数据来源：最佳东方人才发展研究院Source:VeryEastTalentDevelo
29、pmentAcademy从食品卫生安全人才所学专业分布来看：18%的食品卫生安全人才毕业于专业对口程度极高的食品科学/营养科学/生物工程这一大类专业。这类人才对于食品卫生安全管理有着坚实的学术基础，并具备相关的化验测试技能，从而能够准确识别并预防潜在的食品安全风险。由于近年来食品卫生安全的关注程度与日俱增，这一大类专业的人才有望成为食品卫生安全主的主流管理人员。同样具有专业相关性的是毕业于酒店/旅游/款待业管理这一大类专业的人才，占比为总体的33%。这类人才在求学过程中对食品卫生安全相关知识和理论有定的认识和实践，对于食品卫生安全相关工作内容能够快速上手。此外，还有12%的食品卫生安全人才毕业
30、于企业/行政/工商/人力资源管理这一大类专业，他们具备较好的组织管理能力、团队协作能力和领导潜力，同样可以在食品卫生安全这一领域发挥专业才能。1.ookingattheoveralldistributionofmajorsstudiedbyfoodhygieneandsafetytalents:18%ofthemgraduatedfromhighlyspecializedmajorssuchasfoodscience,nutritionscience,orbiotechnology.Thiskindoftalentspossessasolidacademicfoundationinfoodhy
31、gieneandsafetymanagement,aswellasrelevantlaboratorytestingskills,enablingthemtoaccuratelyidentifyandpreventpotentialfoodsafetyrisks.Giventheincreasingfocusonfoodhygieneandsafetyinrecentyears,talentsfromthesespecializedmajorsareexpectedtobecomethemainstreamoffoodhygieneandsafetymanagement.Meanwhile,t
32、hosewhoalsopossessagoodprofessionalrelevancearegraduatedfromhoteltourism/hospitalitymanagement,accountingfor33%ofthetotal.Thesetalentshaveacertainunderstandingandpracticalexperiencetowardsfoodhygieneandsafety-relatedknowledgeandtheoriesduringtheireducation,enablingthemtoquicklygrasptherelevantjobcon
33、tent.Additionally,another12%offoodhygieneandsafetytalentsaregraduatedfromEnterprise/Administration/Business/HumanResourcesManagementfields.Theypossessgoodorganizationalmanagementskills,teamcollaborationabilities,andleadershippotentials,andcanalsoleveragetheirexpertiseinthefieldoffoodhygieneandsafety
34、.起点水平高，发展空间大WithaHighStartingPoint,andMuchSpaceforGrowth由于食品卫生安全管理的不可或缺性，雇主对于该类型岗位往往提供较为优渥的薪酬待遇以吸引和保留相关人才。同时，为了激发该专业领域人才的主观能动性和自我学习热情，多数雇主（尤其是全服务型酒店）对于食品卫生安全经理级岗位的薪酬定位有着较强的市场竞争力，因而食品卫生安全人才的薪酬呈现出“起点水平高，发展空间大”的特点。根据最佳东方人才发展研究院的大数据分析显示，食品卫生安全员工级人才（以下简称员工级人才）的平均月薪为5028元；食品卫生安全主管级人才（以下简称主管级人才）的平均月薪为5670元
35、；食品卫生安全经理级人才（以下简称经理级人才）的平均月薪为8863元。Duetotheindispensablenatureoffoodsafetymanagement,employersoftenoffercompetitivecompensationtoattractandretaintalentinthisfield.Inordertostimulatethesubjectiveinitiativeandself-learningenthusiasmoftalentsinthisfield,manyemployers(especiallyfull-servicehotels)havebe
36、enpositioningthesalariescompetitivelyforfoodhygieneandsafetymanagersinthejobmarket.Therefore,thecompensationforfoodhygieneandsafetytalentsexhibitsacharacteristicofahighstartingpoint,andmuchspaceforgrowth.AccordingtothedataanalysisfromVeryEastTalentDevelopmentAcademy,theaveragemonthlysalaryoffoodhygi
37、eneandsafetyentry-leveltalents(hereafterreferredtoasentry-leveltalents)is5028yuan;theaveragemonthlysalaryoffoodhygieneandsafetysupervisor-leveltalents(hereafterreferredtoassupervisor-leveltalents)is5670yuan;andtheaveragemonthlysalaryofmanager-leveltalents(hereafterreferredtoasmanager-leveltalets)is8
38、863yuan.经理级人才平均月薪AverageMonthlySalaryofManager-1.evelTalents8863元(CNY)主管级人才平均月薪IliAverageMonthlySalaryofSupervisor-1.evelTalents5670元(CNY)员工级人才平均月薪AverageMonthlySalaryofEntry-1.evelTalents5028元(CNY)员工级：根据最佳东方人才发展研究院的大数据分析显示，员工级人才的平均月薪为5028元。在所有员工级人才数据样本中，月薪的95分位值为7100元；月薪的75分位值为5600元；月薪的50分位值(即中位值)为
39、5000元；月薪的25分位值为3500元；月薪的10分位值为3000元。依据月薪分位值高低进行区分，该级别人才月薪档位划分如图所示。总体来看，员工级人才的月薪分布呈纺锤型结构，且超过50席的员工级人才月薪达到或超过该级别月薪的中位值。这样的薪酬分布不仅有助于组织保持稳.，也为该级别人才在横向发展中留有不错的空间。Entry-1.evel!AccordingtothedataanalysisfromVeryEastTalentDevelopmentAcademy,theaveragemonthlysalaryofentry-leveltalentsis5028yuan.Amongallthesa
40、mplesofentry-leveltalents,the95thpercentileofmonthlysalaryis7100yuan;the75thpercentileis5600yuan;the50thpercentile(median)is5000yuan;the25thpercentileis3500yuan;andthe10thpercentileis3000yuan.Differentiatingbythebandofmonthlysalary,thesalarybandsforfoodhygieneandsafetytalentsatthislevelcanbereferred
41、withthefollowingfigure.Overall,thedistributionofmonthlysalariesforentry-leveltalentsexhibitsaspindle-shapedstructure,withover50%ofentry-leveltalentshavingmonthlysalariesequaltoorexceedingthemedianvalueforthisIeve1.Thissalarydistributionnotonlyhelpstheorganizationmaintainstabilitybutalsoprovidesample
42、roomforlateraldevelopmentfortalentsatthislevel.食品卫生安全员工级人才月薪分布Entry-levelTaIentstSaIaryBands,FoodHygiene&Safety5.3%较高QuiteHighz7100(CYN)r=jHigh:5600-7100(CYN)19.9%中高UPPer-MiddIe:50005599(CYN)25.1%中低1.ower-Middle:3500-4999(CYN)24.6%低1.OW:300卜3499(CW)17.5%主管级(含领班)：根据最佳东方人才发展研究院的大数据分析显示，主管级人才的平均月薪为5670
43、元。在所有主管级人才数据样本中，月薪的95分位值为7600元；月薪的75分位值为6400元；月薪的50分位值(即中位值)为5500元；月薪的25分位值为5000元；月薪的10分位值为4500元。依据月薪分位值高低进行区分，该级别人才月薪档位划分如图所示。其中，仅09%的该级别人才月薪处于较低档位，这同样反映了食品卫生安全人才薪酬“起点水平高”的特点。Supervisor-1.evel(includingCaptain):ACCOrdingtothedataanalysisfromVeryEastTalentDevelopmentAcademystheaveragemonthlysalaryof
44、supervisor-leveltalentsis5760yuan.Amongallthesamplesofsupervisor-leveltalents,the95thpercentileofmonthlysalaryis7600yuan;the75thpercentileis6400yuan;the50thpercentile(median)is5500yuan;the25thpercentileis5000yuan;andthe10thpercentileis4500yuan.Differentiatingbythebandofmonthlysalary,thesalarybandsfo
45、rfoodhygieneandsafetytalentsatthislevelcanbereferredwiththefollowingfigure.Amongthem,only0.9%atthislevelhavemonthlysalariesinthequitelowband,whichalsoreflectsthecharacteristicofhighstartingpoint,fortheremunerationoffoodhygieneandsafetytalents.食品卫生安全主管级人才月薪分布Supervisor-levelTaIents1SaIaryBands5FoodHy
46、giene&Safety较高5.2%QuiteHigh:7600(CYN)高19.8%High:6400-7600(CYN)中高29.3%Upper-Middle:5500-6399XCYN)中低z、26.7%1.ower-Middle:5000-5499(CYN)低IUw:4500-4999(CYN)18.1%经理级：根据最佳东方人才发展研究院的大数据分析显示，经理级人才的平均月薪为8863元。在所有经理级人才数据样本中，月薪的95分位值为13900元：月薪的75分位值为10500元；月薪的50分位值(即中位值)为8500元；月薪的25分位值为7000元；月薪的10分位值为6000元。依据月
47、薪分位值高低进行区分，该级别人才月薪档位划分如图所示。总体来看，超过25%的经理级人才月薪位于高档和较高档，超过55%的经理级人才月薪达到或超过该级别月薪的中位值。且与主管级比较，其薪酬水平有若大幅提升(平均数和中位值均有超过50$的增长)。这不仅表明对餐饮运营来说，食品卫生安全管理至关重要，同时也说明了该领域经理级岗位的薪酬潜力和对于下位级别人才的吸引力均相当可观。Manager-1.evel:ACCOrdingtothedataanalysisfromVeryEastTalentDevelopmentAcademy,theaveragemonthlysalaryofmanager-leve
48、ltalentsis8863yuan.Amongallthesamplesofmanager-leveltalents,the95thpercentileofmonthlysalaryis13900yuanjthe75thpercentileis10500yuanjthe50thpercentile(median)is8500yuanjthe25thpercentileis7000yuan;andthe10thpercentileis6000yuan.Differentiatingbythebandofmonthlysalary,thesalarybandsforfoodhygieneandsafetytalentsatthislevelc
