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1、2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破易错点13短文综合填空（首字母）-备战2024年中考英语考试易错题（天津专用）【易错点归纳】短文综合填空（首字母）易错点：易错点131、在没有通读全文的情况下，断章取义，判断单词大意。首先将全文通读一遍，借助首字母来确定所填单词的中文含义。然后依据空格前后单词分析句子成分，确定所填单词的词性。2、不注意单词的适当形式。确定好所填单词的词意、词性后，再看是否需要填写名词复数,是否需要词性转换等：3、草率从事，不进行复核。在确定了所填单词的词意、词性和词形后，通读核查一下，再确定正确答案。【天津2018-2023六年考情分析】综合填空（首字母）所考察的重点
2、，以名词，动词，形容词，副词为主,连词、代词、介词偶尔考一词。动词名词形容词副词连词介词代词数词20233232202243111202122321202022311120193321120184311176777879808182838485【2022年天津中考英语】综合填空根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。InthesmallvillagesofKenya(肯尼亚),Africa,mostkidswanttoreadbooks.Butnoroadsgototheirhomes,onlymilesandmilesofsand.Carsandtrucksar
3、enotuseful,S76librarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels.Camelscanhandle(应付)thesandandthebooks.Twocamels,acameldriver,andalibrarian(图书管理员)w77tothevillagestogether.Onecamelcarriesabout180kilosofbooks,andtheothercarriesatent.Ateachvillage,thelibrariansetsupthetentandshowstheb78tothekidsinside.Twoweekslater,
4、thecamelsC79backwithnewbooks.SomepeopleinthemountainsofnorthernThailand(泰国)getbooksinad80way.Their181arecarriedbyelephants.Theseanimalscanhandlethedifficultjourney.Becausetheyarelarge,theycancarrymanybooksinmetalcases(金属箱).Themetalprotectsthebooksfromtheheavyrainsthatf82inthearea.Indonesia(印度尼西亚)has
5、itsowndifficulties.Thecountryhasover17,000islands.Mostpeople83byboatandtheyalsocarrytheirbooksbyboat.Alibraryboatholds(容纳)about500booksinboxes.Boxesofbooksareleftinvillagesandaretraded(交换)fornewbooksafewweeks184Forpeoplewholivefarandcan,tgettoalibrary,alibrarythatcomestothembringsmorethanbooks.Itbri
6、ngsawholew85ofinformation.【答案】76.(三)o77.(w)alk78.(b)ooks79.(c)ome80.(d)ifferent81.(l)ibraries82.(f)all83.(t)ravel84.(l)ater85.(w)orld【导语】本文主要介绍了些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。【76题详解】句意：汽车和卡车没有用处，所以图书馆的书是骑在骆驼背上的。tUiEttCarsandtrucksarenotuseful.librarybooksarriveonthebacksofCamelS”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so引导。故填(三
7、)0。【77题详解】句意：两只骆驼、一个骆驼司机和一个图书管理员一起步行到村庄。根据Twocamels,acameldriver,andalibrarian”以及首字母并结合上文可知汽车和卡车没有用，所以他们是步行，WaIk“步行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(W)alk。【78题详解】句意：在每个村庄，图书管理员都会搭起帐篷，向里面的孩子们展示书籍。根据“thelibrariansetsUPthetentandshowsthe.tothekidsinside”以及首字母可知图书管理员给孩子展示书籍，表泛指用名词复数books书故填(b)ooks。【79题详解】句意：两周
8、后，骆驼带着新书回来了。根据“backwithnewbooks”以及首字母可知是带着新书回来，comeback“回来”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(C)Ome。【80题详解】句意：泰国北部山区的一些人以不同的方式获取书籍。根据“SomepeopleinIhemountainsofnorlhemThailand(泰国)gelbooksin”以及首字母并结合下文可知泰国人获取书籍的方式也不同，修饰名词用形容词different“不同的。故填(CoifTerenI。【81题详解】句意：他们的“图书馆”由大象携带。根据arecarriedbyelephants”以及首字母可知此处
9、指图书彷，library“图书馆”，根据are可知主语用名词复数。故填(Dibraries。【82题详解】句意：金属保护书籍免受该地区的大雨影响。根据“Themetalprotectsthebooksfromtheheavyrains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填all。【83题详解】句意：大多数人乘船旅行，他们也乘船携带书籍。根据“byboatandtheyalsocarrytheirbooksbyboat.以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填ravel。84题详解】句意：
10、成箱的书留在村子里，几周后被换成新书。根据“Boxesofbooksareleftinvillagesandareraded(交换)fornewbooksafewWeekS”以及首字母可知是几周后换新书，laier”之后故填aler。85题详解】句意：它带来了很多信息。根据IlbringsawholeOfinformation”以及首字母可知是很多信息，awoHdofu很多故填(W)OIidoA组中考真题（八）(2023天津中考真题)根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apers
11、onmaysmilewhenheorsheisp1withsomeprogressinstudies.Orapersonmaysmileifafriendtellsafunnyjoke.Thereareothergoodr2tosmileoften.First,itise3tosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles（肌肉）tosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourf4arestandsmile!Second,s
12、milesarenice.Peoplemaytryto15nicebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However,peopleoftensayasmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobea6someonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysunhappy.Third,smileshavepower（感染力）.Bothsmilingandlaughingcaneasilyandquicklys7
13、fromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend（往往会）tolaughwithhimorher.Ifapersonissthebestthingtodoistoshareasmileoralaugh.Itistheeasiestwaytocheersomeoneup.F9smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Eventhoughyouaresad,trysmiling.Y
14、ou,llfindthatitwillbedifficulttos10sadforverylong!（B）（2022江苏南通中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。EatYourGreens!Ihaveneverbeenafanofvegetables.Butmybestfriendlovesthem.tEatyourgreens!,healwayssays.SoIdecidetolearnsomethingmoreaboutthem.Plantsareaveryimportantpartofourdiet.Because
15、ofthec11theirleavesvegetablesareoftencalled“greens”.TheyP12allkindsofnulriion（营养）thatareveryimportantforourbodies.Forexample,vitaminCgivesUShealthyskin,andCalCiUm（钙）keepsourboness13Othershelptokeepourhearts,bloodandmuscleshealthyEatingvegetablesdoesnotmakeusf14becausetheyarelowincalories.It,ssaidtha
16、tthereareover80,000differentkindsofplantswhichcanbeeatenonEarth.However,90percentofthefdsweeatc15fromjust30plants.Thisisnotbecausetheyarethemostnutritious,butbecausetheyarethee16togrow.Itissuggestedtoeatatleastfivedifferentvegetableseveryday.It,sagoodh17tomakevegetablesamainpartofeachmeal.However,so
17、mepeoplethinkthatvegetablesarenotsopopularcomparedwithmeat,sowhenvegetablesareservedtogetherwithmeat,theyoftenc18meatinsteadofvegetables.Othersthinkvegetablesarecookedinanunskillfulway,makingthemnotd19Inordertohelpmehaveahealthydiet,myfriendgivesmegooda20onhowtocooktastyvegetables.Iamonmywaytoahealt
18、hierlifestyle.（C）（2023江苏盐城中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。FuTinglostherrightarminanaccidentwhenshewas3.Atthea21of13,shewenttoasportsschoolinXiangtan,HunanProvince.Shebeganswimmingt22there.FuTingtookpartinAthens2004ParalympicGamesandothereventsd23heryearsasanathlete,andwon18goldmedals.Afterretiringin
19、2004,FuTingdecidedtoe24auniversitytostudylaw.Throughhardwork,shegraduatedandworkedasalawyer.In2017,FuTingsetupaservicegroup,P25freelegal（法律的）helpforthedisabled.AttheS26time,shealsojoinedavolunteergroup,sharingherlifestoriesinprimaryandsecondaryschools,givinglegalspeechesincommunities,inordertoencour
20、agemorepeopletohelpthosedisabledpeopleinn27“Inthefaceofthedisabled,weshouldfirstlrespect,andt28help,FuTingsaid.ttmh29tohelpthemwithmyownexperienceandknowledge.AndIhopetheycanhelpmakeo30countrybetter.IbelieveIwillkeepondoingthat.（D）（2023内蒙古呼和浩特中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。ThemovieHomeComingtookth
21、eleadintheboxofficeduringtheNationalDayholiday.IttellsastorythattookplaceinNorthAfrica.Afterawarbreaksoutthere,twoChinesediplomats（外交官）areo31tohelpevacuate（撤离）theoverseasChinese.Aftercompletingthefirsttasksuccessfully,theylearnthatanothergroupofChinesecitizensisstillingreatd32Realisingthatthesepeopl
22、ewilldieiftheydon,tgiveahand,thetwomentravelthroughthewararea.Theyr33theirlivestohelpover100Chinesecitizensgotoasafeplace.Themovienotonlyshowshowthetwodiplomatsprotectthepeoplew34courage,butalsoshowstheirdeeploveforthecountryandpeople.HomeComingremindsmanypeopleofasimilarrealeventwhichtrulyh35in1.ib
23、yain2011.ChineseEmbassyhelpedtheevacuationofmorethan30,000Chinesecitizens.Behindthiseventweremanye36ofChinesediplomats.Afterwatchingthefilm,amanrecalledhispersonale3711yearsago.“Wearetheluckyonesb38wehaveastrongcountryandarewellprotected,hesaid.HomeComingisahitpartlybecauseofthegrowingnationalpridea
24、ndC39Chinesepeoplehaveinourcountry.Areviewreads,ttChinesepassportmightnotgetyouanywhereyouwant,butitcanalwaysb40youbackhome.（2023江苏南通中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。Movingthestrings（弦）Ofthenation,sheartWhentalkingaboutthehistoryoftheguqin,WuWenguang,afamousperformeroftheancie
25、ntzither（古筝）,likestotellafolkstoryaboutthesincerefriendshipbetweenamusicianandhisbiggestfan.D41theSpringandAutumnperiod,therewasamusiciannamedYuBoya.Helivedaloneinaforestwhereheoftenplayedtheguqin.Oneday,apassingwoodcutter,ZhongZiqi,wasattractedbythesoundsoftheancientzitherandstoppedtoI42Itwasthebes
26、tthatheonceheard.Yu,splayingcreateddiflerentp43inZhong,smind,suchascloudsflowingandwaterfallsfalling.Theybecamegoodfriends.Aftermanyyears,whenZhongZiqipassedaway,Yiidecidednevertoplaytheguqinagainbecauseheknewthathewouldnthaveanyonee44likeZhongtosotrulyunderstandhismusic.44Withthepowertoe45thedeepes
27、tfeeling,theguqinbecomestheconnectionbetweenperformingandlistening/,saysWU.Todaywhenwetalkaboutt46Chineseculture,theancientzither,whichwasplayedbymanyfamouspeopleonliterature,issurelyinthecenteroftheancientculture.Indeed,theguqin,aP47musicalinstrumentofancientChinaseducatedgroup,wasalsothefavoritein
28、strumentofConfucius（孔子）.In2008,itwasa48tothelistoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybyUNESCO.InApril,whenPresidentXiJinpingm49withFrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacron,aclassicguqinpiece,HighMountainandFlowingWater,wasplayedtocelebratethefriendshipbetweenthetwoc50Theinstrumentnotonlyshowshepastgreatnes
29、sofChinesecivilization（文明），butalsocontinuestoshinetoday.（2023山东东营中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。MyparentsgotArthur,sFamily1.aUndromat（洗衣店）frommygrandfather.Itwasatruefamilybusiness.Myfather,mymotherandmyauntwereresponsiblefordifferentjobs.E51myretired（退休的）grandfatherhelpswiththecleaningnowan
30、dthen.Myfathersaidthatthemostimportantmachineinthe1.aundromatwasn,tthewashingmachine.Itwasthecoffeepotbythedoor.Thecoffeewasfreeandalmosteveryc52wouldhaveacupandchatwithmyfamilywhilewaitingfortheircleanclothes.Inthehoursa53schooloronweekends,itwasmyjobtokeepthecoffeepotfull.Atleasttentimeseachday,Iw
31、ouldcleanupthewetcoffeegrounds（咖啡渣），weigh40gofcoffeebeans,fillthepotwithwater,andturnonthecoffeemachine.Itwassuchab54jobthatIcouldhavedoneitinmysleep.Iremembercomplainingonebusyday.“W55dowehavetogiveawaycoffee?We,rea1.aundromat,notacoffeeshop!Isaidangrily.Myfatherwassurprisedatmyattitude.AtonceheS56
32、whathewasdoingtotalktome.Withapatientbutseriousexpressiononhisf57hespoke:“Son,peoplechooseourlaundromatb58weservethemlikefriends.Weofferthemacupofcoffee.Wechatwiththem,laughwiththemandconnectwiththem.Peopledon,tjustneedaD59tocleantheirclothes.Theyneedfriendship.Thatiswhyyourjobisthemostimportantjobi
33、ntheIaUndromat.”Myfather,swordshadtheexpectedeffect.Fromthenon,Idothejobmorec60Afterall,Ihadthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat.（G）（2022湖北武汉中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。ErieGreenhasalwayswonderedaboutthingsthatliveintheocean.Whenhewasy61,helovedtoswim.Helikedtowatchallkindsofunderwateranimalsa
34、ndplantsthroughhismask（潜水面罩）.Whenhegrewup,hewantedto162fornewthingsintheocean.Today.Mr.Greenisamarineecologist（海洋生态学家）.Hestudieshowunderwateranimalsandplantsconnectwitheachotherandneedeachothertostaya63Mr.Greenstudiescoralreefs（珊瑚）inthePacificOcean.Acoralreefislikeabigunderwatert64Thousandsofanimals
35、andplantslivethere.Theycompeteforfoodandspacethere.Asaresult,thebeautifulcoralreefsgeti65easily.Mr.Greenalsostudieshowpeoplesactionscanchangecoralreefs.Sometimespeoplepollutethewateroroverfish,sothew66thatallthelivingthingsarejoinedtogetherhasbeenchanged.Ifcoralreefsgethurt,manyanimalshavetofindnewh
36、omes.Someanimalsn67droplow,andsomeanimalsjustdisappear.Mr.GreenwantstoP68thisfromhappening.Mr.Greenbelievesthatalllivingthingsinacoralreefshouldbek69safe.44Undcrwaterecosystemsarelikeairplanes/Mr.Greensays.ttTheyneedalloftheirpartstoworkcorrectly.,t4Totakebettercareofmarinehomes,wefirstmustk70them.O
37、nlythroughthat,canweunderstandthegreatinfluencehumanshaveontheseplaces.Mr.Greensays.（三）（2022江苏扬州中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）TheGrandCanal（大运河）isaman-madewaterwaythatrunsnorthandsouthineasternChina.Datingback2,500yearsandstretching1,794kilometers,itisamongtheworldsoldes
38、tand171canals.YangzhouChinaGrandCanalMuseumislocatedonthebankoftheancientGrandCanalinYangzhou,oneoftheeightC72inJiangsuprovincesittingalongtheGrandCanal.Themuseumo73itsdoorstothepubliconJune16,2021.Itcoversanareaofsome80,000squaremeters.Ithastwostructures:afour-storybuildingintheS74ofagiantshipwaiti
39、ngtosetsail,anda100-meter-tallTang-Dynasty-StyIetower.Themuseumhas11themedexhibitions（展览）.Theyaretellingtheh75oftheSui-TangGrandCanalbuiltduringtheSuiandTangDynasties（581-907）,theBeijing-HangzhouGrandCanalandtheEastZhejiangCanal.Thesecanalsofferawealthofhistoricandculturalattractionsw76theycontinuet
40、obeusedfortransport,irrigation（灌溉）andfloodcontrol.The25.7-meter-long,8-meter-highancientBianRiversectionisC77bymanyasthetttreasureofthemuseum,Sofar,themuseumhasover10,000exhibits（展品），including20groupsoflargeones,makingitthebestcollectiontoshowthegrandnessofthecanalandh78peoplechangednature.Passingt7
41、9theexhibitionhallandintotheantiquated（老式的）streets,visitorscanseerestaurantsandshopsalongthestreet,asifwalkinginthewatervillageonthecanalduringtheMingandQingDynasties.YangzhouChinaGrandCanalMuseumisdifferentfromalltheotherm80whicharethemedontheGrandCanalinChina.Whynotcomeandvisitityourself?参考答案：（八）【
42、答案】1.(p)leased2.(r)easons3.(e)asier4.(f)ace5.(l)ook6.（八）round7.(三)pread8.(三)ad9. (F)inally10.(三)(ay【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。1 .句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。bepleasedwith”对感到满意”,此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(P)Ieased。2 .句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reason”理由，原因“，Other后接名词复数。故填(Deasons。3 .句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心
43、更容易。根据“Infact,itonlylakes17musclesIosmile.OnIheotherhand,iltakes43musclestoshowUnhaPPiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。4 .句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“Infact,itonlytakes17musclestosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowUnhaPPiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸故填ace。5 .句意：人
44、们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据byexercisingorwearingniceCIOtheS”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮,look“看起来”，不定式符号to后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填OOk。6 .句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“AlmostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysUnhaPPy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用around表示“在周围”。故填（八）round。7 .句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“fromonepersonIoanother”可知此处指从人到
45、人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(三)Pread。8 .句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“ItistheeasiestwayIocheersomeoneup.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词Sad表示“难过的。故填(三)ad。9 .句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First.Second.Third.”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。10 .句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“fbrverylong”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，SIay”保持，停留故填(三)tay.(B)【答
46、案】11 .(c)olor(c)olour12.(p)rovide13.(三)trong14.(f)at15.(c)ome16.(e)asiest17.（三）abit18. (c)hoose19.(d)elicious20.（八）dvice【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍绿色蔬菜对人们的好处，建议人们多吃蔬菜。11 .句意：由于其叶子的颜色，蔬菜常被称为“绿色蔬菜根据“Becauseofthec.leavesvegetablesareoftenCaHed“greens”.”可知,被称为绿色蔬菜是因为叶子的颜色,COIor/colour“颜色”符合语境，故填(C)OlO7(C)OIoUr。12 .
47、句意：它们提供各种对我们的身体非常重要的营养。IUig4tTheyp.allkindsofnutrition()thatareveryimportantCrourbodies.”可知，蔬菜提供各种营养，PrOVide提供”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(p)rovide。13 .句意：例如，维生素C使我们的皮肤健康，钙使我们的骨骼强壮。根据“calcium(钙)keepsourboness.”可知，钙使我们的骨骼强壮，SIrOng“强壮的”，作宾语补足语，故填(三)IrOng。14 .句意：吃蔬菜不会使我们发胖，因为它们热量低。根据“Ealingvegetablesdoesn
48、otmakeusf.becausetheyarelowincalories.”可知，蔬菜热量低，不会让人发胖，fat“胖的”，作宾语补足语,故填破。15 .句意：然而，我们吃的90%的食物只来自30种植物。ftffit90percentofthefoodsweeatc.iromjust30PlantS”可知，很多食物只来自30种植物，comefrom“来自”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(C)Ome。16 .句意：这并不是因为它们最有营养，而是因为它们最容易生长。ftiffi*Thisisnotbecausetheyarethemostnutritious,butbecausetheyarethee.togrow.M11Jl,这些蔬菜最容易生
