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1、4/10/2023,1,Interpreting and General Knowledge,4/10/2023,2,Basic Questions,What is interpreting?What is general knowledge?Why is it important to interpreters?How do interpreters build up their general knowledge?,4/10/2023,3,What is interpreting?,Interpretingis the facilitating of oral or sign-langua
2、ge communication,either simultaneously or consecutively,between users of different languages.,4/10/2023,4,History of Interpreting,Interpreting has been in existence ever since man has used the spoken word.At the International Labour Conference in Geneva in 1927,simultaneous interpreting was used for
3、 the very first time.It developed and came of age at the Nurenberg Trial after WWII.,4/10/2023,5,What is general knowledge?,NOT common sense the basic level of practical knowledge and judgment that we all need to help us live in a reasonable and safe way-Wikipedia,4/10/2023,6,What is general knowled
4、ge?,non-specialist encompassing a wide subject rangedomain knowledge:art,economics,law,fashion,etc.,4/10/2023,7,Why important?,language proficiency(L)general knowledge(K)interpreting skills(S),LET KNOWLEDGE SPEAK!,4/10/2023,8,How do interpreters build up general knowledge?,Be a news junkie!Read up o
5、n subjects that interest youRead up on subjects that dont interest youValue little bits of learning Prepare for every one of our training sessions like you are preparing for a real conference,4/10/2023,9,Interpreting is NOT ONLY about words,but Words and the World.,美国UNUNESCO勤劳勇敢暴风雪psycologisteventf
6、ul,玛丽有只小羊羔我度过了一个愉快的暑假会议在明斯克召开退休第一年开始收到养老金。,Note Taking,好记性不如烂笔头The worst pen is better than the best memory,1.学到的通用笔记符号,2.自创笔记符号,一、做口译笔记时的注意事项1.口译笔记应记要点，切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。2.口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。3.口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双
7、语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语，例如：cf(compare),Co(company),eg(forexample),etc(andsoon),esp(especially),ie(thatis),max(maximum),min(minimum),ref(reference),std(standard)标,usu(usually),等。,1.图像(=会议,=世界、地球)2.符号(？！.：ex.)3.简称或缩写(WTOAPEC TW,HK,CH,21C，GDPgross国民生产总值GN
8、P国内生产总值 5yrPfiveyearplanSOE state owned enterprises-国有企业FIE-foreign invested enterprises外资企业JV合资企业joint venture)4.原文(tieup,Hi-Tech,危=危机、(危)（FC）基=基础)5.译文(人名，JKR,JFK组织名称WTO，专有名词PRC US),二.常用速记符号,二.常用速记符号E,二.常用速记符号（d D）,国与国 口口促进，发展 上升，增加 下降，减少 进入 im ex越来越强等 越来越弱等 双向交流 接触，交往 对立，冲突 分歧 波折 非常，十分重要 属于 胜利 V坚持
9、 奇观!有关 一方面 另一方面 关系 问题，疑问？但是 b/与比较而言 和，与 空洞,代表 关键！错误 否 不 否定 正确，对，好，肯定 不同意 N同意 Y优秀、强，好 十更强，更好 十 十弱，差 一更弱，更差 因为 所以 原因 导致，结果，结论是 大于 小于 小于或等于 大于或等于 等于，意味着 不等于 约等于 替换为,三.口译的原则,1.口译为主，笔记为辅。译者应以听看讲者，全面地吸收讯息、组成口译讯息为工作主体，笔记只是辅助的作用，不宜舍本逐末。2.笔记应呈现讯息的概念与结构。/无论用图标或文字与符号，都应将之组成完整的讯息概念或组织结构。3.记下密度与难度高的讯息。讯息负荷过量且不易记
10、住的内容（如数字、专有名词），一定要做笔记。4.笔记的内容与符号，以多重利用为原则。中eGDP 万亿任何已记下的笔记内容与符号，都应尽量拉线再次利用，或用不同颜色的笔在原来的笔记上再做笔记，以最经济的方式发挥笔记的作用到极限。5.笔记的语言符号，必须能够沟通。译者应避免使用自己不熟悉的符号，或是双人合作时应避免字迹凌乱。笔记纸大小，依译者可控空间而定。译者站立时，笔记本不宜超过手掌大小；有桌椅可用时，笔记可大至A4。,Today,I am very pleased to have the opportunity to visit this historical and prestigious
11、university,and to give a speech.,在国际金融危机爆发5年后的今天，在世界经济增长缓慢的恢复过程中，新的挑战出现在各国面前。本周即将在中国大连举行的夏季达沃斯论坛吸引了世界的目光，人们。期待从这里获得中国政府的信号，感受正处于转型关键！阶段的中国经济的力量。,Five years on from the start of the financial crisis,many countries now face new challenges as the world economy slowly recovers.The Summer Davos Forum,whi
12、ch opens this week in Dalian,will be closely watched for signs of the state and strength of the Chinese economy,which finds itself at a crucial stage of transformation.,The 21st century will witness a much more important role of the Peoples Republic of China in the Asian-Pacific region as well as in
13、 the world affairsThe United States and China should continue their joint efforts to strengthen the political and economic contacts，and promote the cooperation in all areasFor our mutual interests and for the peace and prosperity of the world，let us work together and meet future challenges with courage and wisdomThank you.,
