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1、美国名人画家爱德华霍普EdwardHoppersSimplePaintingsHoldSpecialMeaningforAmericansplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:00repeatBySarahRandleandproducedbyMarioRitter2006-9-23VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndImDougJohnsonwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutartistEdwardHopper.Hepaintednormalobjects
2、andpeopleininterestingandmysteriousways.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:InJuneoftwothousand-six,visitorsenteredtheredesignedSmithsonianAmericanArtMuseuminWashington,D.C.forthefirsttime.Whenthesepeoplewalkedintothebuilding,theysawtwosimple,colorfulpaintings.ThesepaintingsshowednormalscenesfromAmericanlife.Buttheyloo
3、kedmysteriousandbeautiful.AmericanartistEdwardHopperpaintedbothofthesefamouspictures.VOICETWO:EdwardHopperwasbornineighteeneighty-twoinNyack,asmalltowninNewYorkstate.Fromayoungage,Edwardknewhewantedtobeapainter.Hisparentswerenotwealthypeople.TheythoughtEdwardshouldlearntopaintandmakeprintstoadvertis
4、eforbusinesses.Thiskindofpaintingiscalledcommercialart.Edwardlistenedtohismotherandfather.Innineteenhundred,hemovedtoNewYorkCitytostudycommercialart.However,healsostudiedmoreseriousandartistickindsofpainting.VOICEONE:OneofHoppersteacherswasRobertHenri,afamousAmericanpainterintheearlytwentiethcentury
5、.HenriwasaleaderofagroupofartistswhocalledthemselvestheAshcanSchoolpainters.TheAshcanartistslikedtopaintnormalpeopleandobjectsinrealisticways.Henrionceexpressedhisideasaboutpaintingthisway:Paintwhatyoufeel.Paintwhatyousee.Paintwhatisrealtoyou.EdwardHopperagreedwithmanyoftheseideasaboutart.Hetoldpeop
6、lethatHenriwashismostimportantteacher.VOICETWO:HopperstudiedwithHenriinNewYorkCityforsixyears.Duringthoseyears,HopperdreamedofgoingtoEurope.Manypaintersthereweremakingpicturesinwaysnoonehadeverseenbefore.Manyofthemhadbeguntopaintpicturestheycalledabstract,Theartistslikedtosaytheseworkswereaboutideas
7、ratherthanthingsthatexistedintherealworld.Theirpaintingsdidnottrytoshowpeopleandobjectsthatlookedliketheonesinreallife.MostAmericanartistsspenttimeinEurope.ThentheyreturnedtotheUnitedStatestopaintinthisnewway.VOICEONE:Withhelpfromhisparents,HopperfinallytraveledtoEuropeinnineteen-oh-six.HelivedinPar
8、is,Franceforseveralmonths.Hereturnedagaininnineteen-oh-nineandnineteen-ten.Unlikemanyotherpeople,however,Hopperwasnotstronglyinfluencedbythenew,abstractstyleshefoundthere.Parishadnogreatorimmediateimpactonme/heoncesaid.Attheendofthesetravels,hedecidedthathelikedtherealisticmethodshehadlearnedfromRob
9、ertHenri.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:WhenEdwardHopperreturnedfromParisforthelasttime,hemovedintoasmallapartmentintheGreenwichVillageareaofNewYorkCity.Hetookajobmakingprintsandpaintingsforbusinesses.However,thepaintingshemadeoutsideofhisjobwerenothelpinghimearnmoneyorrecognition.HehadashowofhisworkatagalleryinNe
10、wYork.However;mostpeoplewerenotinterestedinhissimple,realisticstyle.Veryfewpeopleboughthispaintings.VOICEONE:Thingsbegantoimproveinnineteentwenty-three.HebeganaloverelationshipwithanartistnamedJoNivison.Soontheymarried.HiswifesometimessaidthatEdwardtriedtocontrolherthoughtsandactionstoomuch.However;
11、mostpeoplewhoknewthemsaidtheylovedeachotherverymuch.Theystayedmarriedfortherestoftheirlives.Also,JowasthemodelforallofthewomeninHopperspaintings.Successinartsoonfollowedthissuccessinlove.Innineteentwenty-four,Hopperhadthesecondshowofhispaintings.Thistime,hesoldmanypictures.Finally,atageforty-three,h
12、ehadenoughmoneytoquithisjobpaintingforbusinesses.Hecouldnowpaintwhatheloved.EdwardandJoboughtacarandbegantotravelaroundthecountrytofindinterestingsubjectstopaint.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:MostpeoplesaythatHoppersnineteentwenty-fivepaintingTheHousebytheRailroadwashisfirstmaturepainting.Thismeansthatitwasthefir
13、stpaintingthatbroughttogetherallofhisimportanttechniquesandideas.TheHousebytheRailroadshowsalarge,whitehouse.Thepaintingdoesnotshowthebottomofthehouse.Itisblockedbyrailroadtracks.CuttingscenesoffinsurprisingwayswasanimportantpartofHoppersstyle.Hebecamefamousforpaintingsthataremysterious,thatlookinco
14、mpleteorthatleaveviewerswithquestions.ShadowsmakemanypartsofthehomeinTheHousebytheRailroadlookdark.Someofthewindowslookliketheyareopen,whichmakestheviewerwonderwhatisinsidethehouse.However,onlydark,emptyspacecanbeseenthroughthewindows.Strangeshadows,darkspaces,andareaswithlightwereimportantpartsofma
15、nyHopperpaintings.Therearenopeopleinthepainting,andnoevidenceofotherhousesnearby.Hopperwasfamousforshowinglonelinessinhisart.Peopleoftensaidthat,evenwhenthereweremanypeopleinhispaintings,eachpersonseemstobealoneinhisorherownworld.VOICEONE:Duringthegreateconomicdepressionofthenineteenthirties,manypeo
16、plesawHopperslonely,mysteriouspaintingsofeverydaysubjects.Theylikedthepicturesbecausetheyseemedtoshowlifehonestly,withouttryingtomakeithappierorprettierthanitreallywas.Asaresult,Hoppercontinuedtosellmanypaintingsduringthoseyears,eventhoughmostAmericanswereverypoor.VOICETWO:Innineteenforty-two,Hopper
17、paintedhismostfamouswork,Nighthawks.Thepaintingshowsfourpeopleinaneating-placecalledadinerlateatnight.Theylooksad,tired,andlonely.Twoofthemlookliketheyareinaloverelationship.Buttheydonotappeartobetalkingtoeachother.Thedarknightthatsurroundsthemismysteriousandtense.Thereisnodoorinthepainting,whichmak
18、esthesubjectsseemliketheymightbetrapped.HopperpaintedNighthawkssoonaftertheJapanesebombattackagainsttheUnitedStatesatPearlHarborinHawaii.ManypeoplethoughtthepaintingshowedthefearandunhappinessthatmostAmericanswerefeelingaftertheattack.Thepaintingbecameveryfamous.Today,mostAmericansstillrecognizeit.T
19、hepaintingnowhangsinafamousmuseuminChicago,Illinois.VOICEONE:NighthawkswasnotEdwardHoppersonlygreatsuccess.Innineteenfifty,hefinishedapaintingcalledCapeCodMorning.Itshowsabrightlycoloredhouseinthecountry.Inthemiddleofthepainting,awomanleansonatableandlooksoutawindow.Shelooksverysad.However,nothingin
20、thepaintinggivesanyideaaboutwhyshewouldbesad.TodaythispaintinghangsinaspecialplaceintheSmithsonianMuseumOfAmericanArtinWashington.Itisonethepaintingswenotedatthebeginningofthisprogram.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:EdwardHopperbegantostrugglewithhisartduringthenineteenfiftiesandsixties.Hehadtroublefindinginteresti
21、ngsubjects.Whenhedidfindgoodthingstopaintzhestruggledtopaintthemwell.Atthesametime,theartisticcommunitybecamelessinterestedinrealisticpaintings.Inthenineteenfifties,theAbstractExpressioniststylebecameverypopular.Theseartistsrefusedtohavesubjectstopaint.Theywantedtopaintaboutpaintingandpaintaboutidea
22、s.TheythoughtHoppersstylewasnolongermodernorimportant.Asaresult,thepaintingshedidcompletemetlesssuccessthanduringtheearlieryears.EdwardHopperdiedinnineteensixty-seven.HiswifeJodiedlessthanayearlater.Manyyearsafterhisdeath,HoppersworkisstillpopularinthiscountryandoutsideAmerica.Intwothousandfour;thef
23、amousTateArtGalleryinLondonhadashowofhispaintings.Thisshowbroughtthesecond-largestnumberofvisitorsofanyshowinthehistoryofthemuseum.Today,peoplesayEdwardHopperwasoneofthebestAmericanartistsofthetwentiethcentury.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenbySarahRandleandproducedbyMarioRitter.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmDougJohnson.Youcanread,listentoanddownloadthisprogramatourWebsite,WWW.51V0A.COM.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
