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1、2.7 有机化合物分子中常见基团红外特征吸收,Dipole moment:The greater the change in dipole moment,the moreintense the absorption,IR intensity,SymmetryElectronegativityVibration:as s,烷烃(Alkane),CH3 Bend,C-H Stretch,CH2 Bend,烯烃(Alkene),单取代 RCH=CH2(990,910 cm-1,out-of-plane(oop,面外),=C-H Stretch,=C-H Bend,C=C Stretch,反式 R1C
2、H=CHR2(970 cm-1,Out-of-plane(oop,面外),C=C Stretch,=C-H Bend,顺式 R1CH=CHR2(730-665 cm-1,Out-of-plane(oop,面外),=C-H Bend,1,1二取代 R1R2CH=CH2(890 cm-1,Out-of-plane(oop,面外),=C-H Bend,三取代 R1R2CH=CHR3(810 cm-1,Out-of-plane(oop,面外),=C-H Bend,炔烃(Alkyne),C-H Bend,C-H Stretch,C C Stretch,芳香烃(Aromatic Compounds),77
3、0-730,710-690 cm-1,mono-substituted aromatic,770-730 cm-1,ortho-substituted aromatic,810-750,725-680 cm-1,meta-substituted aromatic,860-800 cm-1,para-substituted aromatic,醇(Alcohol),醚(Ether),胺(Amine),C-N stretch,N-H bend,N-H stretch,N-H stretch,N-H bend,C-N stretch,C-N stretch,醛(Aldehyde),醛基质子的伸缩振动与
4、变形振动的倍频偶合(Fermi 共振),酮(Ketone),羧酸(Carboxylic Acid),酯(Ester),C-O Stretch,酰氯(Acid Chloride),C-Cl Stretch,酸酐(Acid Anhydride),酰胺(Amide),硝基化合物(Nitro),N-O stretch,N-O stretch,卤代烷(Alkyl Halide),alkyl fluoride,alkyl chloride,alkyl bromide,alkyl iodide,腈（Nitrile）,异氰酸盐(或酯)（Isocyanate）,异硫氰酸盐（Isothiocyanate）,硫醇（Mercaptan）,亚砜（Sulfoxide）,砜（Sulfone）,磺酸盐(或酯)（sulphonate，Sulfonate）,
