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1、美国名人电影先驱塞西尔B戴米尔,塞缪尔戈尔德温，路易斯B梅耶MoviePioneersplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByCynthiaKirk2004-11-20(THEME)VOICEONE:mSarahLong.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutthreepeoplewhohelpedmakeHollywoodthecenterofthemovieindustry.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Whenyouhearthe
2、nameHollywood,youprobablythinkofexcitement,lights,camerasandmoviestars.Famousactorsarenottheonlyimportantpeopleintheentertainmentbusiness.Directorsandproducersareimportant,too.Today,Hollywoodisfullofproducersanddirectors.However,veryfewareasfamousandsuccessfulasHollywoodsfirstmotionpicturebusinessme
3、n,CecilB.DeMiIIezSamuelGoldwynandLouisMayer.(TheresNoBusinessLikeShowBusiness,CDP-8244)VOICETWO:CecilBlountDeMillewasborninAshfield,MassachusettsinEighteen-Eighty-One.Bothhisparentswerewritersofplays.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewastwelveyearsold.Hismotherkeptthefamilytogetherbyestablishingatheatercompany.Cec
4、iljoinedthecompanyasanactor.HecontinuedworkinginhismotherstheatercompanyasanactorandamanageruntilNineteen-Thirteen.Thatyear,hejoinedJesseL.LaskyandSamuelGoldfishtoformtheJesseL.LaskyFeaturePlayCompany.GoldfishlaterchangedhisnametoSamuelGoldwyn.VOICEONE:Thethreemenstartedmakingmotionpicturesimmediate
5、ly.Theylovedworkinginthemoviebusiness.Theyweredeeplyinterestedinitscreativeandfinancialpossibilities.DeMiIIezLaskyandGoldfishbeganworkingonamovieversionofthepopularAmericanwesternplay,SquawMan.DeMMeurgedthatthemoviebemadeintherealAmericanWest.HechoseFlagstaff,Arizona.DeMilleandthecompanytraveledtoFl
6、agstaffbytrain.Whentheyarrived,DeMillethoughtthearealookedtoomodern.Theygotbackonthetrainandkeepgoinguntiltheyreachedtheendoftheline.TheywereinaquietlittletowninsouthernCalifornia.ThetownwascalledHollywood.DeMilledecidedthiswastheperfectplacetofilmthemovie.SquawManwasoneofthefirstfull-lengthmoviespr
7、oducedinHollywood.ItwasreleasedinNineteen-Thirteenandwasanimmediatesuccess.DeMilleisconsideredthemanwhohelpedHollywoodbecomethecenterofthemotionpicturebusiness.Hequicklybecameacreativeforceinthenewmovieindustry.HissuccesscontinuedwithBrewstersMillions/TheCalloftheNorthandTheTrailoftheLonesomePine.VO
8、ICETWO:CecilB.DeMillewasamongtheveryfewfilmmakersinHollywoodwhosenameappearedabovethetitleofhismovie.Hisnamewasmoreimportanttomovie-goersthanthenamesofthestarsinthemovie.DeMillesmovieswereknowntobebigproductions.Hecombinedalotofaction,realisticstorytellingandhundredsofactorstomakesomeofHollywoodsbes
9、tmovies.Hemademanykindsofmoviesincludingwesterns,comedies,romancesandonesdealingwithmoralissuesDeMillegainedagreatdealoffamewiththekindofmovieknownasanepic.Anepictellsastoryofeventsthatareimportantinhistory.DeM川esepicmovieswerebasedonthesettlingoftheAmericanWest,RomanhistoryorstoriesfromtheBible.His
10、firstversionofthehistoricfilmTheTenCommandmentswasahugesuccessamongsilentfilmsinNineteen-Twenty-Three.InNineteen-Fifty-SixzhereleasedanewversionofTheTenCommandmentstoincludesound.ItisbroadcaststillonAmericantelevisionduringtheChristianobservanceofEaster.VOICEONE:CecilB.DeMilleproducedanddirectedseve
11、ntymovies.InNineteen-Forty-NinehereceivedaspecialAcademyAwardforthirty-sevenyearsofbrilliantshowmanship.HediedofheartfailureinNineteen-Fifty-Nine.OneofDeMilleslastfilmswasTheGreatestShowonEarth.ItwontheAcademyAwardforbestpictureinNineteen-Fifty-Two.Itwasaboutpeoplewhoperformedinthecircus.Somepeoples
12、ayitwasafittingsubjectbecauseCecilB.DeMilleoftenwascalledthegreatestshowmaninHollywood.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:InEighteen-Ninety-Five,athirteen-year-oldboyfromWarsaw,PolandfoundhiswaytotheUnitedStates.SamuelGoldfishwasalone.Hehadnomoney.Hefoundworkasaglovemaker.Hecontinuedworkingintheglove-makingindustryunt
13、ilhewasalmostthirtyyearsold.VOICETWO(cont):InNineteen-ThirteenzSamuelandhiswifesbrother,JesseL.LaskyzandCecilB.DeMilleformedtheJesseL.LaskyFeaturePlayCompany.ItproducedthemoviezSquawMan.InNineteen-Sixteen,GoldfishstartedabusinesswithEdgarSelwyn.TheycombinedtheirnamesGoldfishandSelwynandcalledthenewc
14、ompanyGoldwyn.SamuelGoldfishlikedthenameandchangedhistoSamuelGoldwyninNineteen-Eighteen.TheGoldwynCompanymademanysuccessfulmotionpictures.Yetzthecompanywasnotafinancialsuccess.InNineteen-Twenty-TwozSamuelGoldwynwasforcedtoleavethecompany.TheGoldwynCompanythenjoinedwithMetroPicturesandLouisB.MayerPro
15、ductionstoformMetro-Goldwyn-MayerzknownasMGM.SamuelGoldwynwasnotpartofthedeal.Hepromisednevertobeajointownerofanothercompany.HeformedhisowncompanySamuelGoldwynProductions.VOICEONE:SamuelGoldwynwasoneofthegreatindependentproducersduringtheGoldenAgeofHollywood.Mostofhisfilmsweresuccessfulfinanciallyan
16、dpopularwithcritics.Heinsistedthathisfilmsbewellmadeandofhighquality.ThisbecameknownastheGoldwynTouch.Goldwynusuallypaidforhisfilmshimself.Heboughtthebeststoriesandplaystobemadeintomovies.Heemployedthebestwriters,directorsandactors.AndhediscoverednewactorsincludingLucilleBall,GaryCooper,SusanHayward
17、andWillRogers.Goldwynwasextremelyindependent.Hehadastrongdesiretocontroleveryelementoftheproductionandmarketingofhisfilms.Hemadealldecisionsconcerninghisfilmsincludingchoosingdirectors,actorsandwriters.HisbestfilmsincludeTheLittleFoxes,TheBestYearsofOurLivesandPorgyandBess.HismoviesreceivedmanyAcade
18、myAwards.VOICETWO:SamuelGoldwynwasknownalsoforhissenseofhumor.Hecreatedfunnyexpressions.InHollywoodtheyareknownasGoldwynisms.OneofhismostfamousexpressionswasIncludemeout.InNineteen-Forty-SixzGoldwynreceivedtheIrvingThalbergMemorialAwardforhisexcellentmovieproductionsduringtheAcademyAwardceremoniesth
19、atyear.HediedinNineteen-Seventy-Four.SamuelGoldwynwasinthemoviebusinessforalmostsixtyyears.Heisconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialfilmproducersever.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.ouisB.MayerbeganasatheateroperatorinHavermillzMassachusettsinNineteen-Oh-Seven.Overthenextseveralyearsheboughtmoretheaters.Soonheownedth
20、elargestgroupoftheatersinNewEngland.InNineteen-Seventeen,Mayerformedhisownmovieproductioncompany.IntheearlyNineteen-TwentieszLouisB.MayerPicturesjoinedtwoothercompaniestoformMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer.MayerwasappointedvicepresidentandgeneralmanagerofMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer.Hehadastrongfatherlywayofsupervisingt
21、hecompanyandactors.ThecompanyhadsomeofthebiggestnamesinshowbusinessincludingJudyGarlandzClarkGablezKatherineHepburnandElizabethTaylor.ApopularexpressionusedatthetimewasM-G-Mhadmorestarsthanthereareinheaven.M-G-MproducedsomeofthemostpopularmoviesofalltimeincludingTheWizardofOz,GonewiththeWindandThePh
22、iladelphiaStory.VOICETWO:IntheNineteen-ThirtiesandNineteen-FortieszLouisB.MayerwasthemostpowerfulbusinessmaninHollywood.Heearnedmorethanone-million-two-hundred-thousand-dollarsayear.HewaspaidmorethananyoneelseintheUnitedStates.InNineteen-Fifty,MayerreceivedaspecialAcademyAwardforexcellentservicetoth
23、eMotionPictureindustry.HediedinHollywood,CaliforniainNineteen-Fifty-Seven.Hewasseventy-twoyearsold.VOICEONE:CecilB.DeMille,SamuelGoldwynandLouisB.Mayerarerememberedfortheirexcellentmoviesandtheircontinuinginfluenceinthemotionpictureindustry.Theyledthewayformovieproducersanddirectorsoftodayandthosestilltocome.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenanddirectedbyLawanDavis.OurstudioengineerwasKeithHolmes.mSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndmSarahLong.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
